Battery Management Systems, Volume 1: Battery Modeling Battery Modeling

Large-scale battery packs are needed in hybrid and electric vehicles, utilities grid backup and storage, and frequency-regulation applications. In order to maximize battery-pack safety, longevity, and performance, it is important to understand how battery cells work. This first of its kind new resource focuses on developing a mathematical understanding of how electrochemical (battery) cells work, both internally and externally. This comprehensive resource derives physics-based micro-scale model equations, then continuum-scale model equations, and finally reduced-order model equations. This book describes the commonly used equivalent-circuit type battery model and develops equations for superior physics-based models of lithium-ion cells at different length scales. This resource also presents a breakthrough technology called the "discrete-time realization algorithm" that automatically converts physics-based models into high-fidelity approximate reduced-order models. Large-scale battery packs are needed in hybrid and electric vehicles, utilities grid backup and storage, and frequency-regulation applications. In order to maximize battery-pack safety, longevity, and performance, it is important to understand how battery cells work. This first of its kind new resource focuses on developing a mathematical understanding of how electrochemical (battery) cells work, both internally and externally. nThis comprehensive resource derives physics-based micro-scale model equations, then continuum-scale model equations, and finally reduced-order model equations. This book describes the commonly used equivalent-circuit type battery model and develops equations for superior physics-based models of lithium-ion cells at different length scales.nnThis resource also presents a breakthrough technology called the "discrete-time realization algorithm" that automatically converts physics-based models into high-fidelity approximate reduced-order models. n Large-scale battery packs are needed in hybrid and electric vehicles, utilities grid backup and storage, and frequency-regulation applications. In order to maximize battery-pack safety, longevity, and performance, it is important to understand how battery cells work. This first of its kind new resource focuses on developing a mathematical understanding of how electrochemical (battery) cells work, both internally and externally. This comprehensive resource derives physics-based micro-scale model equations, then continuum-scale model equations, and finally reduced-order model equations. This book describes the commonly used equivalent-circuit type battery model and develops equations for superior physics-based models of lithium-ion cells at different length scales. This resource also presents a breakthrough technology called the discrete-time realization algorithmù that automatically converts physics-based models into high-fidelity approximate reduced-order models This comprehensive resource derives physics-based microscale model equations, then continuum-scale model equations, and finally reduced-order model equations. This book describes the commonly used equivalent-circuit-type battery model and develops equations for superior physics-based models of lithium-ion cells at different length scales. This book presents a breakthrough technology called the discrete-time realization algorithm that automatically converts physics-based models into high-fidelity approximate reduced-order models. These reduced-order models have similar computational complexity to equivalent-circuit-type models, but can also predict electrochemical variables at any spatial location inside the cell. This second volume discusses state-of-the-art applications of equivalent-circuit models as they pertain to solving problems in battery management and control. Readers are provided information on how to use models from Volume I to control battery packs, along with discussion of fundamental flaws in current approaches 1. Battery Boot Camp 2. Equivalent-Circuit Models 3. Microscale Cell Models 4. Continuum-Scale Cell Models 5. State-Space Models and the Discrete-Time Realization Algorithm 6. Reduced-Order Models 7. Thermal Modeling.