Business Statistics and Accounting : Made Simple

Business Statistics and Accounting: Made Simple focuses on the principles, approaches, and operations involved in business statistics and accounting, including book-keeping, value added tax, cash and credit, and trial balance. The book first takes a look at basic numerical knowledge, introduction to business statistics, and classification and tabulation. Discussions focus on frequency distributions, discrete and continuous variables, approximation and error, simple mathematical symbols, importance of business calculations, calculating percentages of quantities, and powers and roots. The text then elaborates on time series, pictorial representation of statistical data, graphs, and mean, median, and mode. The manuscript examines the nature and purpose of accounting, double-entry book-keeping to the trial balance level, books of original entry, value added tax, and accounting to the trial balance, with books of original entry. Topics include original entries for petty cash, original entries for the payment of money, double entries for cash and credit transactions, and extracting a trial balance. The publication is a dependable reference for students and researchers interested in business statistics and accounting. Front Cover; Business Statistics and Accounting Made Simple; Copyright Page; Foreword; Acknowledgements; Table of Contents; SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION; Chapter 1. AN INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS STATISTICS AND ACCOUNTING; 1.1 The Subject-matter of this Book; 1.2 Simple Business Calculations; 1.3 Business Statistics; 1.4 Accounting to the Trial Balance Level; 1.5 Accounting to Final Accounts Level; 1.6 Conclusion; SECTION 2: BUSINESS CALCULATIONS; Chapter 2. BASIC NUMERICAL KNOWLEDGE; 2.1 The Importance of Business Calculations; 2.2 Electronic Calculators and Business Calculations. 2.3 Calculating Percentages of Quantities2.4 Exercises: Calculating Percentages of a Quantity; 2.5 Calculating Quantities as Percentages of Other Quantities; 2.6 Exercises: Calculating Quantities as Percentages of Other Quantities; 2.7 Simple Ratios; 2.8 Exercises: Simple Ratios; 2.9 The Unitary Method; 2.10 Exercises: The Unitary Method; 2.11 Powers and Roots; 2.12 Exercises: Raising Numbers to a Power; 2.13 Exercises: Square Roots of Numbers; 2.14 Exercises: The Laws of Indices; 2.15 Simple Equations; 2.16 Exercises: Simple Equations; SECTION 3: BUSINESS STATISTICS. Chapter 3. AN INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS STATISTICS3.1 The Meaning of 'Statistics; 3.2 Criticisms of Statistics; 3.3 Discrete and Continuous Variables; 3.4 Collection of Data; 3.5 Types of Sample; 3.6 Approximation and Error; 3.7 Simple Mathematical Symbols; 3.8 Exercises: Introductory Statistical Concepts; Chapter 4. CLASSIFICATION AND TABULATION; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Classification of Data; 4.3 The Tabulation of Data; 4.4 Simple Tables; 4.5 Exercises: Simple Tabulation; 4.6 Frequency Distributions; 4.6 Frequency Distributions; 4.7 Cumulative Frequency Distributions. 4.8 Exercises: Frequency DistributionsChapter 5. TIME SERIES; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Trend; 5.3 Seasonal Variation; 5.4 Random Variations and the De-seasonalising of Data; 5.5 The Uses of Time Series; 5.6 Exercises: Time Series; Chapter 6. PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF STATISTICAL DATA; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Pictograms; 6.3 Bar Charts; 6.4 Histograms; 6.5 Gantt Charts; 6.6 Pie Charts; 6.7 Exercises: Diagrammatic Representation; Chapter 7. GRAPHS; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Constructing a Graph; 7.3 Simple Graphs; 7.4 The Z Chart; 7.5 Exercises: Simple Graphs; 7.6 Straight-line graphs. 7.7 Exercises: Graphs of Simple Functions7.8 The Frequency Polygon; 7.9 Scatter Diagrams; 7.10 The Lorenz Curve; 7.11 Semi-Logarithmic Graphs; 7.12 Exercises: More Graphs and Diagrams; Chapter 8. MEASURES OF POSITION-THE MEAN, MEDIAN AND MODE; 8.1 The Reasons for Measuring Position; 8.2 The Arithmetic Mean; 8.3 Exercises: Arithmetic Means of Simple Series; 8.4 The Arithmetic Mean from a Frequency Distribution; 8.5 Exercises: The Arithmetic Mean from a Frequency Distribution; 8.6 The Arithmetic Mean from Grouped Data; 8.7 Exercises: The Arithmetic Mean from Grouped Data. Content: In the same series, Page ii Front Matter, Page iii Copyright, Page iv Foreword, Page v Acknowledgements, Page vi 1 - AN INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS STATISTICS AND ACCOUNTING, Pages 3-4 2 - BASIC NUMERICAL KNOWLEDGE, Pages 7-17 3 - AN INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS STATISTICS, Pages 21-30 4 - CLASSIFICATION AND TABULATION, Pages 31-40 5 - TIME SERIES, Pages 41-50 6 - PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF STATISTICAL DATA, Pages 51-62 7 - GRAPHS, Pages 63-79 8 - MEASURES OF POSITION—THE MEAN, MEDIAN AND MODE, Pages 80-100 9 - INDEX NUMBERS, Pages 101-114 10 - OFFICIAL SOURCES OF STATISTICS, Pages 115-117 11 - THE NATURE AND PURPOSE OF ACCOUNTING, Pages 121-139 12 - DOUBLE-ENTRY BOOK-KEEPING TO THE TRIAL BALANCE LEVEL, Pages 140-155 13 - BOOKS OF ORIGINAL ENTRY, Pages 156-197 14 - ACCOUNTING TO THE TRIAL BALANCE, WITH BOOKS OF ORIGINAL ENTRY, Pages 198-208 15 - VALUE ADDED TAX, Pages 209-216 16 - FUNDAMENTAL ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS, Pages 219-225 17 - ACCOUNTING TO SIMPLE FINAL ACCOUNTS LEVEL, Pages 226-253 18 - ADJUSTMENTS IN FINAL ACCOUNTS, Pages 254-284 19 - FINAL ACCOUNTS FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF BUSINESS UNITS, Pages 285-329 20 - ACCOUNTING RATIOS, Pages 330-344 Index, Pages 345-350