Collaboration Between Human and Artificial Societies : Coordination and Agent-Based Distributed Computing

This book documents scientific work presented initially during two workshops held within the HCM network project VIM: a virtual multicomputer for symbolic applications. The revised full papers presented in the book have gone through a process of thorough post-workshop reviewing. They are organized in sections on languages and systems, agents and capabilities, and coordination and collaboration. The Full Title Of The Hcm Network Project Behind This Volume Is Vim: A Virtual Multicomputer For Symbolic Applications. The Three Strands Which Bound The Network Together Were Parallel Systems, Advanced Compilation Techniques Andarti?cialintelligence Witha Commonsubstrate In The Programminglanguage Lisp. The Initial Aim Of The Project Was To Demonstrate How The Combination Of These Three Technologies Could Be Used To Build A Virtual Multicomputer — An Ephemeral, Persistent Machine Of Available Heterogeneous Computing Resources — For Large Scale Symbolic Applications . The System Would Support A Virtual Processor Abstraction To Distribute Data And Tasks Across The Multicomputer, The Actual Physical Composition Of Which May Change Dynamically. Our Practical Objective Was To Assist In The Prototyping Of Dynamic Distributed Symbolic App- Cations In Arti?cial Intelligence Using Whatever Resources Are Available (probably Networked Workstations), So That The Developed Program Could Also Be Run On More Exotic Hardware Without Reprogramming. What We Had Not Foreseen At The Outset Of The Project Was How Agents Would Unify The Strands At The Application Level, As Distinct From The System Level O- Lined Above. It Was As A Result Of The Agent In?uence That We Held Two Workshops In May And December 1997 With The Title “collaboration Between Human And Arti?cial Societies”. The Papers Collected In This Volume Are A Selection From Presentations Made At Those Two Workshops. In Each Case The Format Consisted Of A Number Of Invited Speakers Plus Presentations From The Network Partners. A Classification Of Various Approaches For Object-based Parallel And Distributed Programming / Jean-pierre Briot, Rachid Guerraoui -- Towards Meta-agent Protocols / Andreas Kind And Julian Padget -- Examples Of Fuzziness In Compilers And Runtime Systems / Angela C. Sodan -- Towards Rigorous Compiler Implementation Verification / Wolfgang Goerigk And Friedemann Simon -- Shifting The Focus From Control To Communication : The Streams Objects Environments Model Of Communicating Agents / Stefano A. Cerri -- Direct Manipulation, Scalability And The Internet / Don Cruickshank And Hugh Glaser -- Towards The Abstraction And Generalization Of Actor-based Architectures In Diagnostic Reasoning / Stefano A. Cerri, Antonio Gisolfi And Vincenzo Loia -- Converting Declarative Into Procedural (and Vice Versa) / Iain D. Craig -- Reflective Reasoning In A Case-based Reasoning Agent / Miquel Sànchez-marrè [and Others] -- Modelling Rational Inquiry In Non-ideal Agents / Antonio Moreno, Ulises Cortés And Ton Sales -- On The Process Of Making Descriptive Rules / D. Riaño -- A Service-oriented Negotiation Model Between Autonomous Agents / Carles Sierra, Peyman Faratin And Nick R. Jennings -- Competing Software Agents Support Human Agents / Sabine Geldof, Walter Van De Velde -- Coordination Developed By Learning From Evaluations / Edwin D. De Jong -- Rules Of Order For Electronic Group Decision Making -- A Formalization Methodology / Henry Prakken, Thomas F. Gordon -- Broadway : A Case-based System For Cooperative Information Browsing On The World-wide-web / Michel Jaczynski And Brigitte Trousse -- Towards A Formal Specification Of Complex Social Structures In Multi-agent Systems / Juan A. Rodríguez-aguilar [and Others]. Julian A. Padget (ed.). Includes Bibliographical References And Index. 41WY1iqpZQL......Page 1 front-matter......Page 2 01......Page 16 Conclusions and Future Work......Page 0 02......Page 43 Introduction......Page 56 Fuzzification of Theories......Page 57 Classification of Quantitative and Qualitative Application Characteristics......Page 59 Configuration in Multiple-Strategy and/or Multiple-Application/Multiple-Target Environments......Page 60 Performance Ranges......Page 62 Data Distributions......Page 64 Classification of Approaches......Page 65 Performance Monitoring......Page 66 Multiple Passes and Hierarchical Organization......Page 68 Philosophical Excursion......Page 71 Summary and Future Prospects......Page 72 04......Page 75 Introduction......Page 87 Learning as a side effect of communication......Page 89 Types of communication......Page 90 Agent communication languages: KQML......Page 91 The STROBE model......Page 92 Informal description of interactions......Page 93 The lexicon......Page 94 OBjects......Page 95 Simple classification of moves......Page 96 Multiple contexts......Page 98 Emerging functionality’s......Page 99 Our KQML extension: supporting richer pragmatic primitives......Page 100 Code excerpts......Page 101 Autonomous agents are not just pair-wise communicating......Page 103 The coordination of message exchanges in multi-agent dialogues......Page 105 STROBE agents versus Actors......Page 106 Metaphors for communication: telephone versus mail......Page 107 The explicit representation of state changes in STROBE agents......Page 108 Conclusions......Page 109 References......Page 110 Acknowledgements......Page 112 06......Page 115 Introduction......Page 126 DAI Approach to Problem Solving......Page 127 Using Actor Model......Page 130 Concurrent Diagnostic Reasoning about Mental States......Page 131 TermActors......Page 132 Sewer-Actors......Page 133 Example......Page 134 Concurrent Diagnostic Reasoning about Physical States......Page 137 Conclusions......Page 140 08......Page 143 Introduction......Page 153 The CBR Agent Environment: Wastewater Treatment Plants......Page 154 The Target System: A Hybrid Multi-knowledge Supervisory Architecture......Page 155 Static Problems with a CBR Agent......Page 156 Our CBR Approach......Page 157 Bad Performance in Space......Page 160 Bad Performance in Time......Page 162 Unsuccessful Search in the Case Library......Page 163 The Extended CBR Agent Cycle......Page 164 Preliminary Experimental Evaluation......Page 166 Conclusions and Future Work......Page 167 10......Page 170 11......Page 193 12......Page 209 13......Page 228 14......Page 242 15......Page 254 Introduction......Page 272 User Interface......Page 274 Watching UserTMs Navigations behind the Scene......Page 275 Detailed Architecture......Page 277 Cases Indexed by a Time-Extended Situation......Page 278 Representation of a WWW Navigation......Page 279 Navigational Cases......Page 280 Reusing Past Navigations......Page 281 Retrieval Alternatives......Page 282 Similarity Measures......Page 283 Case Reuse......Page 284 Case-Based Browsing Advisors......Page 285 Synthesis......Page 286 Experimental Evaluation......Page 287 Conclusion......Page 288 17......Page 292 back-matter......Page 309