Computation and Neural Systems

Computational neuroscience is best defined by its focus on understanding the nervous systems as a computational device rather than by a particular experimental technique. Accordinlgy, while the majority of the papers in this book describe analysis and modeling efforts, other papers describe the results of new biological experiments explicitly placed in the context of computational issues. The distribution of subjects in __Computation and Neural Systems__ reflects the current state of the field. In addition to the scientific results presented here, numerous papers also describe the ongoing technical developments that are critical for the continued growth of computational neuroscience. __Computation and Neural Systems__ includes papers presented at the First Annual Computation and Neural Systems meeting held in San Francisco, CA, July 26--29, 1992. Front Matter....Pages i-xii Self-Organising Ion Channel Densities: The Rationale for ‘Anti-Hebb’....Pages 3-7 A Modified Hodgkin-Huxley Spiking Model with Continuous Spiking Output....Pages 9-17 The Neurone as a Nonlinear System: A Single Compartment Study....Pages 19-23 Unsupervised Hebbian Learning and the Shape of the Neuron Activation Function....Pages 25-29 A Method for Estimating the Neural Input to a Neuron using the Ionic Current Model....Pages 31-35 A Model of a Thalamic Relay Cell Incorporating Voltage-Clamp Data on Ionic Conductances....Pages 37-41 An Entropy Measure for Revealing Deterministic Structure in Spike Train Data....Pages 43-47 A Multi-Neuronal Vectorial Phase-Space Analysis for Detecting Dynamical Interactions in Firing Patterns of Biological Neural Networks....Pages 49-53 The ‘Ideal Homunculus’: Statistical Inference from Neural Population Responses....Pages 55-60 The Effect of Slow Synaptic Coupling on Populations of Spiking Neurons....Pages 61-66 Neural Geometry Revealed by Neurocomputer Analysis of Multi-Unit Recordings....Pages 67-71 Signal Delay in Passive Dendritic Trees....Pages 73-77 Matching Neural Models to Experiment....Pages 81-88 Neuronal Model Predicts Reponses of the Rat Baroreflex....Pages 89-96 Simulations of Synaptic Integration in Neocortical Pyramidal Cells....Pages 97-101 Modeling Stimulus Specific Habituation: The Role of the Primordial Hippocampus....Pages 103-107 Effects of Single Channel Kinetics upon Transmembrane Voltage Dynamics....Pages 109-113 An Object-Oriented Paradigm for the Design of Realistic Neural Simulators....Pages 115-119 Neural Network Simulation in a CSP Language for Multicomputers....Pages 121-126 Designing Networks of Spiking Silicon Neurons and Synapses....Pages 127-131 Rallpacks: A Set of Benchmarks for Neuronal Simulators....Pages 133-140 Invariant Contrast Adaptation in the Primate Outer Plexiform Layer....Pages 143-150 A Computational Model of the Limulus Eye on the Connection Machine....Pages 151-158 Does Synaptic Facilitation Mediate Motion Facilitation in the Retina?....Pages 159-163 Fast-Most Information Extraction by Retinal Y-X Cells....Pages 165-169 An Adaptive Neural Model of Early Visual Processing....Pages 171-175 A Local Model for Transparent Motions Based on Spatio-Temporal Filters....Pages 177-181 A Neural Model of Illusory Contour Perception....Pages 183-187 Adaptive Receptive Fields for Textural Segmentation....Pages 189-193 Cortical Mechanisms for Surface Segmentation....Pages 195-199 Direction Selectivity Using Massive Intracortical Connections....Pages 201-205 Correlational-Based Development of Disparity Sensitivity....Pages 207-214 Dynamical Control of Visual Attention Through Feedback Pathways: A Network Model....Pages 215-219 The Gating Lattice: A Neural Substrate for Dynamic Gating....Pages 221-225 Hair Cell Modelling to Explore the Physiological Basis of Tuning in the Lower Vertebrate Ear....Pages 229-233 Mechanisms of Horizontal Sound Localization at Low and High Frequency in Avian Nuc. Laminaris....Pages 235-239 A Neuronal Modeling System for Generating Brainstem Maps of Auditory Space....Pages 241-245 Modeling Chemotaxis in the Nematode C. elegans ....Pages 249-253 Formal Model of the Insect Olfactory Macroglomerulus....Pages 255-259 Dynamic Activity, Learning, and Memory in a Model of the Olfactory Bulb....Pages 261-265 Differential Effects of Norepinephrine on Synaptic Transmission in Layers 1A and 1B of Rat Olfactory Cortex....Pages 267-271 Cholinergic Modulation of Associative Memory Function in a Realistic Computational Model of Piriform Cortex....Pages 273-280 Numerical Simulations of the Electric Organ Discharge of Weakly Electric Fish....Pages 281-285 Identification of Leech Swim Neurons Using a Resonance Technique....Pages 289-293 The Use of Genetic Algorithms to Explore Neural Mechanisms that Optimize Rhythmic Behaviors: Quasi-Realistic Models of Feeding Behavior in Aplysia ....Pages 295-300 Undulatory Locomotion — Simulations with Realistic Segmental Oscillator....Pages 301-306 Network Model of the Respiratory Rhythm....Pages 307-311 A Model of the Peristaltic Reflex....Pages 313-320 Simulation of the Muscle Stretch Reflex by a Neuronal Network....Pages 323-330 Modeling and Simulation of Compartmental Cerebellar Networks for Conditioning of Rabbit Eyeblink Response....Pages 331-335 Recurrent Backpropagation Models of the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Provide Experimentally Testable Predictions....Pages 337-341 Prolonged Activation with Brief Synaptic Inputs in the Purkinje Cell: Intracellular Recording and Compartmental Modeling....Pages 343-347 Electrophysiological Dissection of the Excitatory Inputs to Purkinje Cells....Pages 349-353 Integration of Synaptic Inputs in a Model of yhe Purkinje Cell....Pages 355-362 Unsupervised Learning of Simple Speech Production Based on Soft Competitive Learning....Pages 363-368 Dopaminergic Modulation and Neural Fatigue in Discrete Time Sigmoidal Networks....Pages 369-374 Volume Learning: Signaling Covariance Through Neural Tissue....Pages 377-381 Hebbian Learning in Feedback Networks: Development Within Visual Cortex....Pages 383-388 The Role of Subplate Feedback in the Development of Ocular Dominance Columns....Pages 389-393 A Comparison of Models of Visual Cortical Map Formation....Pages 395-402 Field Discontinuities and Islands in a Model of Cortical Map Formation....Pages 403-407 Orientation Columns from First Principles....Pages 409-413 A Model of the Combined Effects of Chemical and Activity-Dependent Mechanisms in Topographic Map Formation....Pages 415-422 Nmda-Activated Conductances Provide Short-Term Memory for Dendritic Spine Logic Computations....Pages 425-429 A Model of Cortical Associative Memory Based on Hebbian Cell Assemblies....Pages 431-435 Self-Teaching Through Correlated Input....Pages 437-441 Multi-Layer Bidirectional Auto-Associators....Pages 443-447 A Neural Model for a Randomized Frequency-Spatial Transformation....Pages 449-454 Outline of a Theory of Isocortex....Pages 455-459 A Network for Semantic and Episodic Associations Showing Disturbances Due to Neural Loss....Pages 461-466 Synaptic Deletion and Compensation in Alzheimer’s Disease: a Neural Model....Pages 467-472 Effects of Input Synchrony on the Response of a Model Neuron....Pages 475-479 Analysis and Simulation of Synchronization in Oscillatory Neural Networks....Pages 481-486 Alternating Predictable and Unpredictable States in Data From Cat Visual Cortex....Pages 487-494 Temporal Structure of Spike Trains from MT Neurons in the Awake Monkey....Pages 495-502 Temporal Structure Can Solve the Binding Problem for Multiple Feature Domains....Pages 503-507 Assembly Formation and Segregation by a Self-Organizing Neuronal Oscillator Model....Pages 509-513 Inter-area Synchronization in Macaque Neocortex During a Visual Pattern Discrimination Task....Pages 515-522 Acetylcholine and Cortical Oscillatory Dynamics....Pages 523-530 Dissipative Structures and Self-Organizing Criticality in Neural Networks with Spatially Localized Connectivity....Pages 531-535 Back Matter....Pages 537-539