This unusual book addresses a number of common control problems from an experimental engineering perspective, using low-cost, laboratory systems. In each case a laboratory set-up and experiments are described, along with theoretical context and results from implementation. It therefore complements conventional theoretical books and textbooks. It is highly international, emanating from a European Tempus project (IMPACT). In addition to its value to teachers of control, as well as students, it will be of interest to practising control engineers seeking new insight to their own practical problems. Control Engineering Solutions: A Practical Approach......Page 4 Contents......Page 6 Preface......Page 14 Introduction......Page 16 Contributors......Page 22 1.2 Control problem......Page 24 1.3 Technical approaches......Page 27 1.4 Discussion and laboratory experience......Page 29 1.4.2 Sampling period selection......Page 30 1.4.3 Data conditioning......Page 31 1.4.4 Model structure selection......Page 33 1.4.5 Signal excitability......Page 37 1.4.6 Parameter tracking and forgetting factors......Page 38 1.4.7 Closed loop identification......Page 41 1.5 Conclusions......Page 42 1.6 References......Page 43 1.7 Appendix: Process physico-chemical behaviour laws......Page 44 2.2 Motivation......Page 46 2.3.1 Design of single loop control......Page 47 2.5.3 Two-variable control......Page 48 2.3.4 Two- and three-level control......Page 52 2.4 Laboratory set-up (simulation tools)......Page 54 2.5 Suggested experiments and problems......Page 57 2.6.2 Two-variable control......Page 61 2.7 Conclusions......Page 64 2.8 References......Page 65 3.2 Control problem (motivation)......Page 66 3.3 Technical approaches to classic regulator design......Page 70 3.3.2 Analytical methods......Page 71 3.3.3 Controller design based on rule-of-thumb methods......Page 73 3.5 Controller simulation software......Page 74 3.6 Suggested experiments......Page 80 3.7 Illustrative results......Page 81 3.9 References......Page 82 4.1 Introduction......Page 84 4.2 Motivation and control problem statement......Page 85 4.3.1 Reset wind-up occurrence in PI controllers of different construction......Page 86 4.3.2 Anti-wind-up measures......Page 88 4.3.4 Incremental PID algorithm for practical applications......Page 89 4.5 Laboratory set-up and simulation model for wind-up investigation......Page 91 4.5.1 Integration stopping in simulation models......Page 92 4.6 Suggested experiments......Page 94 4.7.1 Results from set-up measurement......Page 95 4.7.2 Results from simulation......Page 96 4.9 References......Page 98 4.10 Other reading......Page 99 5.2 Motivation (control problem)......Page 100 5.2.1 Design limitations......Page 101 5.2.3 Control problem......Page 102 5.3 Technical approaches to the control of unstable processes......Page 105 5.3.2 State controller with observer......Page 106 5.4 Discussion......Page 107 5.5 Laboratory set-up......Page 109 5.7.1 Linear quadratic regulator......Page 110 5.7.4 The optimised PID using a GA approach......Page 111 5.8 Conclusions......Page 114 5.10 References......Page 116 6.2 Control problem statement......Page 120 6.2.2 Control problem example......Page 122 6.3 Process model analysis......Page 123 6.4.1 Technical approach and discussion......Page 125 6.4.3 State feedback control arrangement......Page 126 6.5 Controller parameter assignment......Page 127 6.5.1 PID controller setting assignment......Page 128 6.5.2 State feedback parameter assignment......Page 131 6.6 Suggested experiments......Page 132 6.8 References......Page 133 6.9 Further reading......Page 134 7.2 Theoretical foundations......Page 136 7.3 The 'inverted pendulum' system......Page 138 7.3.1 Mathematical model of the inverted pendulum......Page 139 7.3.2 Description of the linearised system in the state space......Page 140 7.3.3 Normalisation of the state equations......Page 142 7.3.4 Control and disturbance signal observation in the 'inverted pendulum'......Page 143 7.4 Suggested experiments......Page 146 7.5 Illustrative results......Page 147 7.7 References......Page 151 8.2 Control problem......Page 152 8.3 Technical background......Page 154 8.3.1 Disturbance filtering......Page 156 8.3.2 Disturbance estimation......Page 157 8.4.1 Model......Page 159 8.5.1 Basic controller......Page 160 8.5.2 Feedback filter......Page 162 8.5.3 Disturbance estimator......Page 164 8.7 Conclusions......Page 167 8.8 References......Page 169 9.1 Introduction to multivariable systems......Page 170 9.2.1 Laboratory process: motor-alternator set......Page 171 9.2.2 Model identification tests......Page 172 9.3.1 Non-interacting control......Page 174 9.3.2 The characteristic locus method......Page 176 9.4.1 Implementation of a digital compensator for the motor-alternator......Page 181 9.4.2 An alternative multivariable process......Page 182 9.5 Summary......Page 183 9.6 References......Page 184 10.2 Control problem......Page 186 10.3.1 PID algorithm......Page 187 10.3.2 Predictive algorithm......Page 188 10.5 Laboratory set-up......Page 190 10.6 Suggested experiments......Page 191 10.7 Illustrative examples......Page 193 10.9 References......Page 197 11.1 Introduction......Page 198 11.2 Models of piston movements in a pneumatic cylinder......Page 199 11.3 Adaptive control system for a pneumatic cylinder......Page 202 11.3.1 State reconstruction......Page 203 11.3.2 State space control algorithm......Page 204 11.3.3 Model parameter estimation......Page 205 11.3.4 Compensation of valve nonlinearity......Page 206 11.5 Laboratory equipment......Page 207 11.6 Experimental scope......Page 208 11.7 Conclusions......Page 212 11.9 References......Page 213 12.2 Motivation......Page 216 12.3 Technical approaches to distributed process control......Page 218 12.4 Discussion......Page 219 12.4.1 Distributed control......Page 220 12.4.2 Boundary control......Page 222 12.5.1 For distributed control......Page 224 12.5.2 For boundary control......Page 225 12.6 Suggested experiments......Page 226 12.7 Illustrative results......Page 227 12.8 Conclusions......Page 229 12.9 References......Page 231 13.2.1 Fuzzy operators......Page 232 13.3.1 Fuzzy controller for a steam turbine......Page 234 13.3.3 Fuzzy controller for the inverted pendulum......Page 236 13.4 Discussion......Page 238 13.6 Suggested experiments......Page 241 13.7 Illustrative results......Page 242 13.8 Conclusion......Page 243 13.9 References......Page 244 14.1 Control problem......Page 246 14.2.1 Supervision tasks......Page 248 14.2.2 Selection of indicators for supervision......Page 251 14.2.3 Functions and tasks of the supervisory level......Page 255 14.2.4 Implementation of supervision functions......Page 257 14.3 Laboratory set-up......Page 258 14.4.2 Estimator scheduling......Page 261 14.6 References......Page 263 14.7.1 Associated with the pre-identification process......Page 264 14.7.2 Associated with the estimation process......Page 265 14.7.3 Associated with the controller computation......Page 267 14.7.4 Associated with the closed loop......Page 268 15.2 Problem formulation......Page 270 15.3 Process and fault model......Page 271 15.4 Robust fault detection......Page 272 15.6 Design of fault detection filters for a three tank system......Page 273 15.8 References......Page 282 16.2 Control problem......Page 284 16.3.1 Cascade configuration......Page 285 16.3.2 Parallel configuration......Page 287 16.5 Laboratory set-up......Page 289 16.7 Illustrative results......Page 290 16.8 Conclusions......Page 292 16.9 References......Page 293 17.2 Motivation......Page 296 17.5 Laboratory set-up......Page 298 17.6 Suggested experiments......Page 300 17.7 Illustrative results......Page 303 17.8 Conclusions......Page 307 17.9 References......Page 309 Index......Page 310
addressing A Number Of Common Control Problems From An Experimental Perspective, This Volume Explores How The Engineer Can Use Inexpensive, Laboratory-based Systems. It Describes A Range Of Laboratory Set-ups And Experiments, Along With Theories And Results From Implementation.
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addresses Common Control Problems From An Experimental Engineering Perspective, Using Low-cost, Laboratory-based Systems. In Each Case A Laboratory Set-up And Experiments Are Described, Along With Theoretical Context And Results From Implementation. Applications Including A Motor Drive And A Small Robot Are Discussed From Experimental Model Construction Through Final Steps Of Hardware And Software Implementation. Issues Treated Include Disturbance Rejection, Time Delays And Distributed Systems, Multiloop Interaction, And Fuzzy Logic Control. Useful As A Supplement To Conventional Theoretical Books And Texts, For Students And Professionals. Annotation C. By Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.
