Disordered materials : science and technology : selected papers

Landmark contributions to science and mechanisms for the origin of the phenomena, and technology are rarely recognized at the time of reached important conclusions about the physical publication. Few people, even in technical areas, nature of the materials at equilibrium and their recogni zed the importance of developments such as electronic nonequilibrium properties. Many of these the transistor, the laser, or electrophotography ideas were condensed into a publication for Physical until well after their successful demonstration. Review Letters, paper 1 in this collection. This So-called experts, in fact, tend to resist new paper immediately attracted attention to the field, inventions, a natural instinct based on a combina­ and directly lead to the initiation of large research tion of fear of obsolescent expertise and jealousy efforts at both industrial laboratories and univer- arising from lack of active participation in the ties throughout the world. Inevitably, there was discovery. the usual amount of controversy, with many experts Denigration of new ideas is a relatively simultaneously taking positions (2) and (3) above. safe modus operandi, since the vast majority It has now been well over 20 years since eventually are abandoned well short of commerciality. the original publication date, and an objective view However, a successful device can be identified by can be taken in hindsight. Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Introduction....Pages 1-7 Front Matter....Pages 9-9 Reversible Electrical Switching Phenomena in Disordered Structures....Pages 11-13 Simple Band Model for Amorphous Semiconductor Alloys....Pages 14-16 Reversible Conductivity Transformations in Chalcogenide Alloy Films....Pages 17-22 Structural Studies of Amorphous Semiconductors....Pages 23-26 Reflectivity Studies of the Te(Ge,As)-Based Amorphous Semiconductor in the Conducting and Insulating States....Pages 27-29 Analog Models for Information Storage and Transmission in Physiological Systems....Pages 30-33 Rapid Reversible Light-Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Semiconductors....Pages 34-37 Three Dimensional Model of Structure and Electronic Properties of Chalcogenide Glasses....Pages 38-40 Localized States in the Gap of Amorphous Semiconductors....Pages 41-44 Lone-Pair Relationships and the Origin of Excited States in Amorphous Chalcogenides....Pages 45-47 Chemical Modification of Amorphous Chalcogenides....Pages 48-50 Optical and Electronic Properties of Modified Amorphous Materials....Pages 51-53 Local Structure, Bonding, and Electronic Properties of Covalent Amorphous Semiconductors....Pages 54-63 A New Amorphous Silicon-Based Alloy for Electronic Applications....Pages 64-65 Threshold Switching in Chalcogenide-Glass Thin Films....Pages 66-87 Properties of Amorphous Si:F:H Alloys....Pages 88-93 Electroreflectance and Raman Scattering Investigation of Glow-Discharge Amorphous Si:F:H....Pages 94-98 The Nature of Intermediate Range Order in Si:F:H:(P) Alloy Systems....Pages 99-101 Correlation Between the Superconducting and Normal State Properties of Amorphous Molybdenum-Silicon Alloys....Pages 102-105 Front Matter....Pages 9-9 Superconducting Properties of Amorphous Multilayer Metal-Semiconductor Composites....Pages 106-109 Superconducting Properties of Sputtered Mo-C Films with Columnar Microstructure....Pages 110-113 The Role of Free Radicals in the Formation of Amorphous Thin Films....Pages 114-119 Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection of Reactive Intermediates in Diffusion Flames and in Glow-Discharge Deposition Reactors....Pages 120-121 Order Parameters in a -Si Systems....Pages 122-125 Passivation of Dangling Bonds in Amorphous Si and Ge by Gas Adsorption....Pages 126-131 Chemical Bond Approach to the Structures of Chalcogenide Glasses with Reversible Switching Properties....Pages 132-135 Critical Materials Parameters for the Development of Amorphous Silicon Alloys....Pages 136-143 Low Pressure Microwave Glow Discharge Process for High Deposition Rate Amorphous Silicon Alloy....Pages 144-146 Basic Anticrystalline Chemical Bonding Configurations and Their Structural and Physical Implications....Pages 147-151 Superconductivity at 155 K....Pages 152-154 Superconductivity in Fluorinated Copper Oxide Ceramics....Pages 155-159 A Structural Chemical Model for High T c Ceramic Superconductors....Pages 160-166 Front Matter....Pages 167-167 Reversible Structural Transformations in Amorphous Semiconductors for Memory and Logic....Pages 169-173 Radiation Hardness of Ovonic Devices....Pages 174-183 Reversible High-Speed High-Resolution Imaging in Amorphous Semiconductors....Pages 184-187 Reversible Optical Effects in Amorphous Semiconductors....Pages 188-191 Imaging in Amorphous Materials by Structural Alteration....Pages 192-194 New Thin-Film Tunnel Triode Using Amorphous Semiconductors....Pages 195-197 Mechanism of Reversible Optical Storage in Evaporated Amorphous AsSe and Ge 10 As 40 Se 50 ....Pages 198-202 Front Matter....Pages 167-167 Solar Electricity Speeds Down to Earth....Pages 203-205 Amorphous Photovoltaic Cells....Pages 206-210 Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Solar Cells Using Amorphous Si:F:H Alloys....Pages 211-213 Progress in Large Area Photovoltaic Devices Based on Amorphous Silicon Alloys....Pages 214-217 Amorphous Photovoltaics....Pages 218-226 The Breaking of the Efficiency-Stability-Production Barrier In Amorphous Photovoltaics....Pages 227-231 Amorphous Semiconductors for Microelectronics....Pages 232-237 Effects of Transition-Metal Elements on Tellurium Alloys for Reversible Optical-Data Storage....Pages 238-241 Front Matter....Pages 243-243 The Ovshinsky Switch....Pages 245-249 An Introduction to Ovonic Research....Pages 250-253 Amorphous Semiconductors for Switching, Memory, and Imaging Applications....Pages 254-268 Amorphous Materials as Interactive Systems....Pages 269-274 Amorphous Materials as Optical Information Media....Pages 275-279 The Shape of Disorder....Pages 280-286 The Chemistry of Glassy Materials and Their Relevance to Energy Conversion....Pages 287-292 Principles and Applications of Amorphicity, Structural Change, and Optical Information Encoding....Pages 293-299 The Chemical Basis of Amorphicity....Pages 300-306 Fundamentals of Amorphous Materials....Pages 307-323 Amorphous Materials—Past, Present, and Future....Pages 327-332 Chemistry and Structure in Amorphous Materials....Pages 333-342 Front Matter....Pages 243-243 Intuition and Quantum Chemistry....Pages 343-345 The Quantum Nature of Amorphous Solids....Pages 346-349 Progress in the Science and Application of Amorphous Materials....Pages 350-355 A Personal Adventure in Stereochemistry, Local Order, and Defects....Pages 356-367 Unusual Fluorination Effects on Superconducting Films....Pages 368-372 Front Matter....Pages 373-373 An Approach to the Puzzle of High Temperature Superconductivity....Pages 375-383 Creativity and Intuition....Pages 384-385 Back Matter....Pages 387-397