Echocardiography

Echocardiography has expanded greatly to become a sub-specialty in cardiology in its own right. From the original M-mode modality of 50 years ago, it has evolved into a complex multimodality method for evaluating and quantifying cardiovascular lesions. In addition, the entire spectrum of hemodynamic assessment of the heart can now be performed noninvasively using echocardiography alone. Transesophageal echocardiography has added to the clarity of imaging and proved to be extremely helpful In valve surgery. Lately, three-dimensional echocardiography has added a new dimension and helped the understanding of cardiac anatomy and pathology in real time. Finally, deformation imaging and assessment of myocardial perfusion completes the global assessment of the heart by echocardiography by looking at the various contraction and perfusion patterns in patients with coronary artery disease at rest and during stress. Echocardiography highlights the clinical utility of these evolving modalities that are now crucial to the renaissance of echocardiography. Thus it provides a thorough clinical review of this most revealing and adaptable methods of imaging a patient. The Editors and their world-class group of contributors have created an essential reference for all who use echocardiography in the practice. Front Matter....Pages i-xiv Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Physical Principles and the Basic Exam....Pages 1-28 Conducting a Cardiac Ultrasound Examination....Pages 31-46 Principles of Flow Assessment....Pages 47-62 Principles of Hemodynamic Assessment....Pages 63-78 Tissue Doppler, Doppler Strain, and Non-Doppler Strain: Tips, Limitations, and Applications....Pages 79-100 Transesophageal Echocardiography: Principles and Application....Pages 101-114 Front Matter....Pages 116-116 Aortic Valve Disease....Pages 116-133 Mitral Valve Disease....Pages 135-213 Tricuspid and Pulmonic Valve Disease....Pages 215-227 Pulmonary Hypertension Clinical Echocardiography....Pages 229-249 Criteria for Operative Intervention in Valvular Heart Disease Based on Echocardiography....Pages 251-263 Clinical Echocardiography Prosthetic Valves....Pages 265-282 The Use of Echocardiography in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Infective Endocarditis....Pages 283-294 Front Matter....Pages 296-296 Pericardial Effusion, Tamponade, and Constriction....Pages 297-310 Front Matter....Pages 312-312 Clinical Echocardiography....Pages 313-324 Stress Echocardiography....Pages 325-350 Principles of Myocardial Viability Implications for Echocardiography....Pages 351-365 Echocardiography for Assessing Acute Myocardial Infarction....Pages 367-383 Mechanical Complications of Myocardial Infarction....Pages 385-397 Cardiomyopathies....Pages 399-434 Front Matter....Pages 312-312 Echocardiography in Heart Failure....Pages 435-445 Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy....Pages 447-461 Front Matter....Pages 464-464 Intracardiac Masses....Pages 465-471 Aortic Disorders....Pages 473-487 Source of Embolus....Pages 489-510 Front Matter....Pages 512-512 Simple Congenital Heart Defects....Pages 513-524 Echocardiographic Evaluation of Complex Congenital Heart Disease....Pages 525-539 Adult Congenital Heart Disease....Pages 541-565 Front Matter....Pages 568-568 Intraoperative Echocardiography....Pages 569-579 Contrast Echocardiography....Pages 581-601 Three-Dimensional Echocardiography....Pages 603-618 Ultrasound Stethoscopy....Pages 619-636 Echo-Guided Interventions....Pages 637-653 Back Matter....Pages 655-667 As increasing emphasis is placed on evidence-based medicine and the need to a rapid and clinically effective diagnosis of cardiac disease, so echocardiography is ever-more present at the forefront of cardiology. This book represents the current knowledge in the technique of cardiology and is designed to guide the resident and fellow through the most common applications of echocardiography while touching on some of the less often seen echocardiographic diagnoses. As increasing emphasis is placed on evidence-based medicine and the need to a rapid and clinically effective diagnosis of cardiac disease, so echocardiography is ever-more present at the forefront of cardiology. This book covers common applications of echocardiography while touching on some of the less often seen echocardiographic diagnoses Book by Nihoyannopoulos, Petros, Kisslo, Joseph