Maritime navigation has rapidly developed since the publication of the last edition of the title with methods of global position fixing for shipping becoming standardized. As in the previous two editions, this edition will provide a sound basis for the understanding of modern navigation systems and brings the student or professional up-to-date with the latest developments in technology and the growing standardization of maritime navigation techniques. Developed with close scrutiny from the US Merchant Marine Academy and the major maritime navigation centres in the UK, out-dated techniques have been replaced by an expanded section on the now standard Navstar GPS systems and the Integrated Nav. In addition, a new chapter on the application of electronic charts will also be included, as well as problems at the end of each chapter with worked solutions. Thoroughly revised and up-dated to conform to stricter training requirements mandated by the STCW-95 amendments. Expanded section on Navstar GPS systems, the now standard global position fixing technique. Up-dated and expanded section on integrated navigation. Contents......Page 6 Preface......Page 10 Acknowledgements......Page 12 1.2 Maritime navigation systems and their frequencies......Page 14 1.3 Radio wave radiation......Page 15 1.4 Frequency, wavelength and velocity......Page 17 1.5.1 Spectrum management......Page 18 1.6.1 VLF (very low frequency) band......Page 19 1.6.6 UHF (ultra high frequency) band......Page 20 1.7.1 Surface wave propagation......Page 21 1.7.2 Sky wave propagation......Page 23 1.7.3 Space wave propagation......Page 25 1.8.3 Frequency selective fading......Page 26 1.9 Basic antenna theory......Page 27 1.9.1 Half-wavelength antenna......Page 28 1.9.3 Antenna radiation patterns......Page 30 1.9.5 Ground effects......Page 31 1.10 Glossary......Page 32 1.11 Summary......Page 33 1.12 Revision questions......Page 34 2.2 The characteristics of sound in seawater......Page 35 2.2.1 Attenuation and choice of frequency......Page 36 2.2.2 Salinity, pressure and the velocity of the acoustic wave......Page 37 2.2.3 Noise......Page 38 2.3.1 Electrostrictive transducers......Page 40 2.3.3 Magnetostrictive transducers......Page 42 2.4 Depth sounding principles......Page 44 2.4.1 Continuous wave/pulse system......Page 45 2.4.2 Transmission beamwidth......Page 46 2.5.1 Description......Page 48 2.7 A microcomputer echo sounding system......Page 51 2.8 Glossary......Page 54 2.9 Summary......Page 56 2.10 Revision questions......Page 57 3.2 Speed measurement using water pressure......Page 58 3.2.1 A pressure tube speed logging system......Page 59 3.3 Speed measurement using electromagnetic induction......Page 65 3.3.1 A practical electromagnetic speed logging system......Page 68 3.4 Speed measurement using acoustic correlation techniques......Page 70 3.4.1 System description......Page 71 3.5 The Doppler Principle......Page 73 3.6 Principles of speed measurement using the Doppler effect......Page 76 3.6.1 Vessel motion during turn manoeuvres......Page 79 3.6.2 Choice of frequency/transducer......Page 82 3.6.3 Choice of transmission mode......Page 83 3.6.4 Environmental factors affecting the accuracy of speed logs......Page 84 3.7.1 The Sperry SRD-500 Dual Axis Doppler Speed Log System......Page 85 3.7.2 The Furono Doppler Sonar DS-50 System......Page 95 3.9 Summary......Page 98 3.10 Revision questions......Page 99 4.1 Introduction......Page 101 4.2.1 Loran lines of position (LOPs)......Page 102 4.3 Basics of the Loran-C System......Page 106 4.3.1 Pulse groups......Page 109 4.3.3 Transmission of Loran-C pulses......Page 111 4.3.6 Blink......Page 112 4.3.8 Cycle matching......Page 114 4.4 Loran-C charts......Page 115 4.5 Position fixing using the Loran-C System......Page 120 4.6 Loran-C coverage......Page 125 4.7 Loran-C receivers......Page 128 4.7.1 Station selection......Page 132 4.7.2 Normal operation......Page 134 Secondary blink.......Page 135 Settling alarm.......Page 136 Mode 4 stage.......Page 137 4.7.3 Circuit description......Page 138 4.7.4 Specification of the LC-90 Mark-II Receiver......Page 148 4.8 Glossary......Page 150 4.9 Summary......Page 152 4.10 Revision questions......Page 153 5.2 Basic satellite theory......Page 156 5.2.1 Kepler's Laws......Page 157 5.2.2 Orbital velocity......Page 158 5.2.3 Orbital period......Page 159 5.3.1 The space segment......Page 160 5.3.2 The control segment......Page 161 5.4 The position fix......Page 167 5.6 Satellite pass predictions......Page 170 5.7 System errors......Page 171 5.8 Differential GPS (DGPS)......Page 175 5.9 GPS antenna systems......Page 178 5.10 GPS receiver designation......Page 179 5.11.1 SV selection and acquisition......Page 181 5.11.2 Autocorrelation of random waveforms......Page 182 5.12.1 Trimble GPS receiver specifications......Page 184 5.12.2 Garmin GPS receiver specifications......Page 190 5.13 GPS on the web......Page 195 5.14.4 Position fixing......Page 196 5.14.5 User equipment......Page 197 5.16 Glossary......Page 198 5.17 Summary......Page 199 5.18 Revision questions......Page 200 6.1.3 The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)......Page 202 6.2 Design criteria......Page 203 6.3 Standards......Page 206 6.4.2 Scope of rule requirements......Page 207 6.5 Class notations......Page 208 6.6.1 Equipment carriage requirements......Page 209 6.6.4 Man/machine interface......Page 210 6.8.1 Operational safety manual......Page 211 6.8.2 Contingency and emergency manual......Page 213 6.10.1 Voyager by Furuno Electric Co. Ltd......Page 214 6.10.2 NINAS 9000 by Kelvin Hughes......Page 220 8.2.3 Movement over the earth’s surface......Page 0 6.11 Glossary......Page 233 6.12 Summary......Page 235 6.13 Revision questions......Page 236 7.1 Introduction......Page 237 7.1.1 Raster data......Page 238 7.1.2 Vector data......Page 239 7.2.1 Privately produced vector charts......Page 240 7.2.2 Official raster chart......Page 241 7.2.3 Electronic navigational charts (ENC)......Page 243 7.3.1 Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS)......Page 247 7.3.2 Raster Chart Display System (RCDS)......Page 250 7.3.3 Dual fuel systems......Page 251 7.4 Chart accuracy......Page 252 7.5 Updating electronic charts......Page 255 7.6 Automatic Identification System (AIS)......Page 256 7.7 Navmaster Electronic Navigation System......Page 262 7.7.1 Installing charts......Page 267 7.7.2 Using Navmaster......Page 268 7.8 Glossary......Page 272 7.9 Summary......Page 275 7.10 Revision questions......Page 276 8.2 Gyroscopic principles......Page 277 8.2.1 Precession......Page 279 8.2.2 The free gyroscope in a terrestrial plane......Page 280 8.4 The north-seeking gyro......Page 284 8.4.1 Bottom-heavy control......Page 285 8.4.3 Top-heavy control......Page 286 8.5 A practical gyrocompass......Page 288 8.5.1 The amount of tilt remaining on a settled gyro......Page 293 8.7 Compass errors......Page 294 8.7.2 Dynamic errors......Page 295 8.7.3 Use of vectors in calculating errors......Page 299 8.8 Top-heavy control master compass......Page 300 8.8.2 The movable element......Page 301 8.8.5 Azimuth follow-up system......Page 302 8.9 A digital controlled top-heavy gyrocompass system......Page 305 8.9.1 Control panel......Page 306 8.9.2 System description......Page 307 8.10 A bottom-heavy control gyrocompass......Page 312 8.10.3 Temperature compensation......Page 317 8.11 Starting a gyrocompass......Page 319 8.12.1 Stepper systems......Page 320 8.12.2 Synchro systems......Page 322 8.13.1 Construction......Page 323 8.13.2 Practical flux gate systems......Page 327 8.13.3 Dual axis magnetometer magnetic compass......Page 328 8.14 Glossary......Page 330 8.15 Summary......Page 331 8.16 Revision questions......Page 332 9.2 Automatic steering principles......Page 333 9.2.2 Derivative control......Page 335 9.3 A basic autopilot system......Page 337 9.4.1 Permanent helm......Page 339 9.5 Deadband......Page 340 9.5.1 Overshoot......Page 341 9.6 Phantom rudder......Page 342 9.7 The adaptive autopilot......Page 343 9.7.2 Open sea course keeping......Page 345 9.8 An adaptive digital steering control system......Page 346 9.8.2 System description......Page 349 9.8.3 NMEA 0183 interface format......Page 353 9.8.4 Troubleshooting......Page 354 9.10 Summary......Page 357 9.11 Revision questions......Page 358 10.2 Radio waves......Page 359 10.3.1 A dipole antenna......Page 360 10.3.2 A loop antenna......Page 361 10.4 A fixed loop antenna system......Page 362 10.4.1 The Adcock antenna......Page 365 10.5.1 Quadrantal error......Page 368 10.5.3 Polarization error or night effect......Page 369 10.5.4 Vertical effect......Page 370 10.6 RDF receiving equipment......Page 371 10.6.1 An automatic system using a servomotor......Page 372 10.6.2. A computer-controlled RDF system......Page 374 10.6.3 VHF scanning RDF equipment......Page 378 10.7 Glossary......Page 380 10.9 Revision questions......Page 381 11.2.1 Carriage requirements......Page 382 11.2.2 Digital Selective Calling (DSC)......Page 384 11.2.3 The space segment......Page 388 11.3.2 System parameters......Page 393 11.3.3 Signalling codes......Page 396 11.3.5 Signal characteristics......Page 397 11.3.6 Messages......Page 399 11.5 Summary......Page 401 11.6 Revision questions......Page 402 Appendices......Page 404 Data bus.......Page 406 Control bus.......Page 407 Memory devices......Page 408 Memory organization......Page 409 Local Area Networks (LANs)......Page 411 Software......Page 412 AND gate......Page 414 Bus......Page 415 Demultiplexer......Page 416 Interrupt masking masking......Page 417 Program......Page 418 VDU......Page 419 Serial communication......Page 420 RS-232 Serial Interface......Page 421 RS-422......Page 423 RS-485......Page 424 NMEA 0183......Page 425 NMEA 2000......Page 428 LORAN-C......Page 429 Contact......Page 430 Index......Page 432
maritime Navigation Has Rapidly Developed Since The Publication Of The Last Edition Of The Title With Methods Of Global Position Fixing For Shipping Becoming Standardized. As In The Previous Two Editions, This Edition Will Provide A Sound Basis For The Understanding Of Modern Navigation Systems And Brings The Student Or Professional Up-to-date With The Latest Developments In Technology And The Growing Standardization Of Maritime Navigation Techniques.
developed With Close Scrutiny From The Us Merchant Marine Academy And The Major Maritime Navigation Centres In The Uk, Out-dated Techniques Have Been Replaced By An Expanded Section On The Now Standard Navstar Gps Systems And The Integrated Nav. In Addition, A New Chapter On The Application Of Electronic Charts Will Also Be Included, As Well As Problems At The End Of Each Chapter With Worked Solutions.
thoroughly Revised And Up-dated To Conform To Stricter Training Requirements Mandated By The Stcw-95 Amendments.
expanded Section On Navstar Gps Systems, The Now Standard Global Position Fixing Technique.
up-dated And Expanded Section On Integrated Navigation.
booknews
tetley (navigation And Communications Systems) And Calcutt (electrical And Electronic Engineering, Both U. Of Portsmouth) Provide Navigators A Detailed Manual Covering The Principles And Applications Of Modern Systems. The Earlier Editions Were Published As (1986) And (1991). Here They Include Many New Systems And Techniques, Especially Computer-based Ones, And Drop Some Now Obsolete Systems. Among Recent Events They Incorporate Are The Loss Of The Hyperbolic Systems Decca And Omega And Relegation Of The Remaining Terrestrial Network, Loran-c, To Backup For The Geographical Positioning System, And Allowing Civilians The Same Accuracy Of The Gps As The Military. Annotation C. Book News, Inc., Portland, Or (booknews.com)
