Enhancing Human Capacities

Enhancing Human Capacities is the first to review the very latest scientific developments in human enhancement. It is unique in its examination of the ethical and policy implications of these technologies from a broad range of perspectives. Presents a rich range of perspectives on enhancement from world leading ethicists and scientists from Europe and North America The most comprehensive volume yet on the science and ethics of human enhancement Unique in providing a detailed overview of current and expected scientific advances in this area Discusses both general conceptual and ethical issues and concrete questions of policy Includes sections covering all major forms of enhancement: cognitive, affective, physical, and life extension Reviews The Very Latest Scientific Developments In Human Enhancement. It Is Unique In Its Examination Of The Ethical And Policy Implications Of These Technologies From A Broad Range Of Perspectives. From Publisher Description. Part I. Key Concepts And Questions. Well-being And Enhancement / Julian Savulescu, Anders Sandberg, And Guy Kahane -- The Concept Of Nature And The Enhancement Technologies Debate / Lisbeth Witthøfft Nielsen -- Enhancement, Autonomy, And Authenticity / Niklas Juth -- Breaking Evolution's Chains : The Promise Of Enhancement By Design / Russel Powell And Allen Buchanan -- Part Ii. Cognitive Enhancement. Cognition Enhancement : Upgrading The Brain / Anders Sandberg -- The Social And Economic Impacts Of Cognitive Enhancement / Anders Sandberg And Julian Savulescu -- Cognitive Enhancing Drugs : Neuroscience And Society / Charlotte R. Housden, Sharon Morein-zamir, And Barbara J. Sahakian -- Cognitive Bias And Collective Enhancement / Steve Clarke -- Smart Policy : Cognitive Enhancement And The Public Interest / Nick Bostrom And Rebecca Roache -- Part Iii. Mood Enhancement. Scientific, Ethical, And Social Issues In Mood Enhancement / Ron Berghmans [and Others] -- Reasons To Feel, Reasons To Take Pills / Guy Kahane -- What's In A Name? Adhd And The Gray Area Between Treatment And Enhancement / Maartje Schermer And Ineke Bolt -- What Is Good And Bad In Mood Enhancement? / Rein Vos -- Asperger's Syndrome, Bipolar Disorder And The Relation Between Mood, Cognition, And Well-being / Laurens Landeweerd -- Is Mood Enhancement A Legitimate Goal Of Medicine? / Bengt Brülde -- Cognitive Therapy And Positive Psychology Combined : A Promising Approach To The Enhancement Of Happiness / Tony Hope -- After Prozac / S. Matthew Liao And Rebecca Roache. Part Iv. Physical Enhancement. Physical Enhancement / Hidde J. Haisma -- Physical Enhancement : The State Of The Art / Andy Miah -- Enhanced Bodies / Claudio Tamburrini And Torbjörn Tännsjö -- Physical Enhancement : What Baseline, Whose Judgment? / Søren Holm And Mike Mcnamee -- Le Tour And Failure Of Zero Tolerance : Time To Relax Doping Controls / Julian Savulescu And Bennett Foddy -- Enhancing Skill / Bennett Foddy -- Can A Ban On Doping In Sport By Morally Justified? / Sigmund Loland -- Part V. Lifespan Extension. Looking For The Fountain Of Youth : Scientific, Ethical, And Social Issues In The Extension Of Human Lifespan / Gaia Barazzetti -- Is Living Longer Living Better? / Larry Temkin -- Life Extension Versus Replacement / Gustaf Arrhenius -- Lifespan Extension : Metaphysical Basis And Ethical Outcomes / Christine Overall -- Life Extension And Personal Identity / Gaia Barazzetti And Massimo Reichlin -- Intergenerational Justice And Lifespan Extension / Roberto Mordacci -- The Value Of Life Extension To Persons As Conatively Driven Processes / Steven Horrobin -- Enhancing Human Aging : The Cultural And Psychosocial Context Of Lifespan Extension / John Bond -- Policy-making For A New Generation Of Interventions In Age-related Disease And Decline / Kenneth Howse -- Part Vi. Moral Enhancement. Moral Enhancement / Thomas Douglas -- Unfit For The Future? Human Nature, Scientific Progress, And The Need For Moral Enhancement / Ingmar Persson And Julian Savulescu -- Part Vii. General Policy. Of Nails And Hammers : Human Biological Enhancement And U.s. Policy Tools / Henry T. Greely -- The Politics Of Human Enhancement And The European Union / Christopher Coenen, Mirjam Schuijff, And Martijntje Smits. Edited By Julian Savulescu, Ruud Ter Meulen, And Guy Kahane. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Enhancing Human Capacities 1 Contents 7 Notes on Contributors 11 Acknowledgments 15 Preface 17 Part I: Key Concepts and Questions 21 1 Well-Being and Enhancement 23 2 The Concept of Nature and the Enhancement Technologies Debate 39 3 Enhancement, Autonomy, and Authenticity 54 4 Breaking Evolution’s Chains: The Promise of Enhancement by Design 69 Part II: Cognitive Enhancement 89 5 Cognition Enhancement: Upgrading the Brain 91 6 The Social and Economic Impacts of Cognitive Enhancement 112 7 Cognitive Enhancing Drugs: Neuroscience and Society 133 8 Cognitive Bias and Collective Enhancement 147 9 Smart Policy: Cognitive Enhancement and the Public Interest 158 Part III: Mood Enhancement 171 10 Scientific, Ethical, and Social Issues in Mood Enhancement 173 11 Reasons to Feel, Reasons to Take Pills 186 12 What’s in a Name? ADHD and the Gray Area between Treatment and Enhancement 199 13 What is Good or Bad in Mood Enhancement? 214 14 Asperger’s Syndrome, Bipolar Disorder and the Relation between Mood, Cognition, and Well-Being 227 15 Is Mood Enhancement a Legitimate Goal of Medicine? 238 16 Cognitive Therapy and Positive Psychology Combined: A Promising Approach to the Enhancement of Happiness 250 17 After Prozac 265 Part IV: Physical Enhancement 277 18 Physical Enhancement 279 19 Physical Enhancement: The State of the Art 286 20 Enhanced Bodies 294 21 Physical Enhancement: What Baseline, Whose Judgment? 311 22 Le Tour and Failure of Zero Tolerance: Time to Relax Doping Controls 324 23 Enhancing Skill 333 24 Can a Ban on Doping in Sport be Morally Justified? 346 Part V: Lifespan Extension 353 25 Looking for the Fountain of Youth: Scientific, Ethical, and Social Issues in the Extension of Human Lifespan 355 26 Is Living Longer Living Better? 370 27 Life Extension versus Replacement 388 28 Lifespan Extension: Metaphysical Basis and Ethical Outcomes 406 29 Life Extension and Personal Identity 418 30 Intergenerational Justice and Lifespan Extension 430 31 The Value of Life Extension to Persons as Conatively Driven Processes 441 32 Enhancing Human Aging: The Cultural and Psychosocial Context of Lifespan Extension 455 33 Policy-Making for a New Generation of Interventions in Age-Related Disease and Decline 473 Part VI: Moral Enhancement 485 34 Moral Enhancement 487 35 Unfit for the Future? Human Nature, Scientific Progress, and the Need for Moral Enhancement 506 Part VII: General Policy 521 36 Of Nails and Hammers: Human Biological Enhancement and U.S. Policy Tools 523 37 The Politics of Human Enhancement and the European Union 541 Index 557 Forlagets beskrivelse: Human enhancement is one of the most exciting -- and troubling -- areas of recent scientific advance. It raises new and profound challenges relating to the human condition as well as giving rise to serious questions surrounding the limits and ethics of changing human nature. This stimulating volume is the first to review the very latest scientific developments in human enhancement. It is unique in its examination of the ethical and policy implications of these technologies from a broad range of perspectives, including philosophy, the biological and neurosciences, and the social sciences. The book covers all major forms of human enhancement: cognitive, mood, physical, moral and life extension, as well as general conceptual and moral questions about enhancement. Enhancing Human Capacities includes state of the art reviews of the science of enhancement from different perspectives, ethical discussion of key concepts and questions, and concrete policy applications. The book concludes with general discussions of the policy implications of biomedical enhancement in the EU and US contexts. All contributions are by world leading ethicists, neuroscientists and social scientists from Europe and North America