Environmental Law

This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. Directed primarily toward college/university students, this text also provides practical content to current and aspiring industry professionals. Environmental Law is designed to introduce those without any legal or special scientific training to the system through which the nation attempts to preserve and protect the different aspects of our environment. Cover 1 Title Page 4 Copyright Page 5 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 18 Contents 8 Preface 16 Part 1 An Introduction to the Law 20 Chapter 1 THE AMERICAN LEGAL SYSTEM: THE SOURCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 22 Sources of Law 22 Classifications of Law 32 Constitutional Principles Underlying the American Legal System 44 Questions for Review and Discussion 59 For Further Reading 60 On the Internet 61 Case Study 61 Endnotes 62 Chapter 2 THE LITIGATION PROCESS AND OTHER TOOLS FOR RESOLVING ENVIRONMENTAL DISPUTES 66 The Adversarial System 66 Primary Actors in the Legal System 73 Steps in Civil Litigation 76 Alternatives to Civil Litigation 89 Questions for Review and Discussion 94 Case Study 94 For Further Reading 95 On the Internet 96 Endnotes 97 Chapter 3 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT 98 Senior Executive Service (SES) and Executive Branch (EX) 99 Creation of Administrative Agencies 99 Functions of Administrative Agencies 100 Limitations on Agency Powers 110 Important Agencies Affecting the Environment 114 Questions for Review and Discussion 128 For Further Reading 128 On the Internet 129 Case Study 130 Endnotes 131 Part 2 The Environmental Laws 134 Chapter 4 AN INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AND POLICY 136 The Need for Regulation 136 Alternative Ways to Control Pollution 139 Subsidies, Emissions Charges, and Marketable Emissions Permits 141 Evolution of Our Environmental Policy 144 National Environmental Policy Act 154 Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 163 Green Initiatives 165 Questions for Review and Discussion 167 For Further Reading 167 On the Internet 168 Case Study 168 Endnotes 169 Chapter 5 AIR-QUALITY CONTROL 172 The Major Air Pollutants 172 Significant Air-Quality Problems 178 Human-Induced Global Climate Change 181 Indoor Air Pollution 187 The Initial Approach to Air-Quality Control 188 The Current Approaches To Air-Quality Control 190 National Ambient Air-Quality Standards 191 The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments 202 Solutions Beyond the Clean Air Act 206 Questions for Review and Discussion 207 For Further Reading 208 On the Internet 209 Case Study 209 Endnotes 210 Chapter 6 WATER-QUALITY CONTROL 215 The Major Water Pollutants 215 Some Significant Water-Quality Problems 221 Protecting Water Through Government Actions 227 Questions for Review and Discussion 252 For Further Reading 252 On the Internet 253 Case Study 254 Endnotes 257 Chapter 7 CONTROLLING TOXIC SUBSTANCES 259 Identification of Potentially Toxic Substances 259 International Regulation of Toxic Substances 276 Toxic Torts 278 Questions for Review and Discussion 284 For Further Reading 284 On the Internet 285 Case Study 286 Endnotes 287 Chapter 8 WASTE MANAGEMENT AND HAZARDOUS RELEASES 289 Waste Control Techniques 290 Cercla: An Overview 307 Emergency Response Plans and Right to Know 307 Federal Response to Contaminated Sites 310 Questions for Review and Discussion 323 For Further Reading 323 On the Internet 324 Case Study 325 Endnotes 326 Chapter 9 ENERGY 329 Energy Policy: A Historical Overview 329 A “Voluntary” Energy Policy 334 Energy Consumption and Production 337 Coal: The Oldest Energy Source 338 Petroleum and Natural Gas 344 Nuclear Energy 351 Problems with Nuclear Energy 352 Renewable Fuels 355 Questions for Review and Discussion 360 For Further Reading 360 On the Internet 361 Case Study 362 Endnotes 363 Chapter 10 NATURAL RESOURCES 368 Protecting Public Lands 368 Regulation of Public Lands 370 Protection of the Great Lakes 384 Wild and Scenic Rivers System 385 Endangered Species 386 The Global Extinction Crisis 390 Questions for Review and Discussion 392 For Further Reading 393 On the Internet 394 Case Study 394 Endnotes 395 Chapter 11 INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 398 The Need for International Environmental Law 398 The Nature of International Law 404 Sources of International Environmental Law 405 Institutions That Effectuate and Influence International Environmental Law 407 Addressing Specific International Environmental Problems 411 The Future of International Environmental Law 428 Questions for Review and Discussion 434 For Further Reading 434 On the Internet 435 Case Study 435 Endnotes 437 APPENDIX: Abbreviations and Acronyms 440 Index 446 A 446 B 447 C 448 D 450 E 451 F 453 G 453 H 454 I 455 J 455 K 456 L 456 M 456 N 457 O 459 P 460 Q 461 R 461 S 462 T 463 U 464 V 464 W 464 Y 465

Directed primarily toward college/university students, this text also provides practical content to current and aspiring industry professionals.

Environmental Law is designed to introduce those without any legal or special scientific training to the system through which the nation attempts to preserve and protect the different aspects of our environment.

For undergraduate/graduate-level courses in Environmental Law and Environmental Policy. An introduction to environmental law for "non-law" students. Environmental Law is designed to introduce those without any legal or special scientific training to the system through which the nation attempts to preserve and protect the different aspects of our environment.