Excel 2019 for Social Science Statistics : A Guide to Solving Practical Problems

This book shows the capabilities of Microsoft Excel in teaching social science statistics effectively. Similar to the previously published Excel 2016 for Social Sciences Statistics, this book is a step-by-step, exercise-driven guide for students and practitioners who need to master Excel to solve practical social science problems. If understanding statistics isn’t your strongest suit, you are not especially mathematically inclined, or you are wary of computers, this is the right book for you. Excel, a widely available computer program for students and managers, is also an effective teaching and learning tool for quantitative analyses in social science courses. Its powerful computational ability and graphical functions make learning statistics much easier than in years past. Excel 2019 for Social Science Statistics: A Guide to Solving Practical Problems capitalizes on these improvements by teaching students and managers how to apply Excel to statistical techniques necessary in their courses and work. In this new edition, each chapter explains statistical formulas and directs the reader to use Excel commands to solve specific, easy-to-understand social science problems. Practice problems are provided at the end of each chapter with their solutions in an appendix. Separately, there is a full practice test (with answers in an appendix) that allows readers to test what they have learned. Preface......Page 9 Acknowledgments......Page 11 Contents......Page 12 1.1 Mean......Page 17 1.2 Standard Deviation......Page 18 1.4 Sample Size, Mean, Standard Deviation, and Standard Error of the Mean......Page 19 1.4.1 Using the Fill/Series/Columns Commands......Page 20 1.4.2 Changing the Width of a Column......Page 21 1.4.3 Centering Information in a Range of Cells......Page 22 1.4.4 Naming a Range of Cells......Page 23 1.4.6 Finding the Mean Score Using the =AVERAGE Function......Page 25 1.4.8 Finding the Standard Error of the Mean......Page 26 1.4.8.1 Formatting Numbers in Number Format (Two Decimal Places)......Page 27 1.5 Saving a Spreadsheet......Page 28 1.6 Printing a Spreadsheet......Page 29 1.7 Formatting Numbers in Currency Format (Two Decimal Places)......Page 31 1.8 Formatting Numbers in Number Format (Three Decimal Places)......Page 33 1.9 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems......Page 34 References......Page 36 2.1 Creating Frame Numbers for Generating Random Numbers......Page 37 2.2 Creating Random Numbers in an Excel Worksheet......Page 40 2.3 Sorting Frame Numbers into a Random Sequence......Page 42 2.4 Printing an Excel File So That All of the Information Fits onto One Page......Page 45 2.5 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems......Page 48 Reference......Page 50 3.1.1 How to Estimate the Population Mean......Page 51 3.1.2 Estimating the Lower Limit and the Upper Limit of the 95% Confidence Interval About the Mean......Page 52 3.1.3 Estimating the Confidence Interval for the Chevy Impala in Miles Per Gallon......Page 53 3.1.4 Where Did the Number ``1.96 ́ ́ Come From?......Page 54 3.1.5 Finding the Value for t in the Confidence Interval Formula......Page 55 3.1.7 Using Excel to Find the 95% Confidence Interval for a Car ́s mpg Claim......Page 56 3.2 Hypothesis Testing......Page 61 3.2.1 Hypotheses Always Refer to the Population of People or Events That You Are Studying......Page 62 3.2.2.1 Determining the Null Hypothesis and the Research Hypothesis When Rating Scales Are Used......Page 63 3.2.3.1 STEP 1: State the Null Hypothesis and the Research Hypothesis......Page 66 3.2.3.6 STEP 6: State the Result of Your Statistical Test......Page 67 3.2.3.7 STEP 7: State the Conclusion of Your Statistical Test in Plain English!......Page 68 3.3 Alternative Ways to Summarize the Result of a Hypothesis Test......Page 72 3.3.2 Different Ways to Reject the Null Hypothesis......Page 73 3.4 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems......Page 74 References......Page 77 4.1 The Seven STEPS for Hypothesis-Testing Using the One-Group t-Test......Page 78 4.1.3 STEP 3: Decide on a Decision Rule for the One-Group t-Test......Page 79 4.1.4 STEP 4: Calculate the Formula for the One-Group t-Test......Page 80 4.1.5 STEP 5: Find the Critical Value of t in the t-Table in Appendix E......Page 81 4.1.7 STEP 7: State the Conclusion of Your Statistical Test in Plain English!......Page 82 4.2 One-Group t-Test for the Mean......Page 83 4.4 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems......Page 88 References......Page 91 Chapter 5: Two-Group t-Test of the Difference of the Means for Independent Groups......Page 92 5.1.2 STEP 2: Create a Table That Summarizes the Sample Size, Mean Score, and Standard Deviation of Each Group......Page 93 5.1.3 STEP 3: State the Null Hypothesis and the Research Hypothesis for the Two-Group t-Test......Page 94 5.1.6 STEP 6: Calculate the Formula for the Two-Group t-Test......Page 95 5.1.7.1 Finding the Degrees of Freedom (df) for the Two-Group t-Test......Page 96 5.1.9.1 Writing the Conclusion of the Two-Group t-Test When You Accept the Null Hypothesis......Page 97 5.1.9.2 Writing the Conclusion of the Two-Group t-Test When You Reject the Null Hypothesis and Accept the Research Hypothesis......Page 99 5.2 Formula #1: Both Groups Have More Than 30 People in Them......Page 101 5.2.1 An Example of Formula #1 for the Two-Group t-Test......Page 102 5.3 Formula #2: One or Both Groups Have Less Than 30 People in Them......Page 109 5.4 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems......Page 116 References......Page 119 6.1 What Is a ``Correlation? ́ ́......Page 120 6.1.2 Understanding the Nine Steps for Computing a Correlation, r......Page 125 6.2 Using Excel to Compute a Correlation Between Two Variables......Page 127 6.3 Creating a Chart and Drawing the Regression Line onto the Chart......Page 132 6.3.1 Using Excel to Create a Chart and the Regression Line Through the Data Points......Page 134 6.3.1.1 Drawing the Regression Line Through the Data Points in the Chart......Page 138 6.3.1.2 Moving the Chart Below the Table in the Spreadsheet......Page 140 6.3.1.4 Making the Chart ``Wider ́ ́......Page 141 6.4 Printing a Spreadsheet So That the Table and Chart Fit onto One Page......Page 142 6.5 Finding the Regression Equation......Page 144 6.5.1.1 Installing the Data Analysis ToolPak into Excel 2019......Page 145 6.5.1.2 Installing the Data Analysis ToolPak into Excel 2016......Page 146 6.5.2 Using Excel to Find the SUMMARY OUTPUT of Regression......Page 147 6.5.3 Finding the Equation for the Regression Line......Page 151 6.5.4 Using the Regression Line to Predict the y-Value for a Given x-Value......Page 152 6.6 Adding the Regression Equation to the Chart......Page 153 6.8 Printing Only Part of a Spreadsheet Instead of the Entire Spreadsheet......Page 156 6.8.2 Printing Only the Chart on a Separate Page......Page 157 6.9 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems......Page 158 References......Page 163 7.1 Multiple Regression Equation......Page 165 7.2 Finding the Multiple Correlation and the Multiple Regression Equation......Page 168 7.4 Using Excel to Create a Correlation Matrix in Multiple Regression......Page 171 7.5 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems......Page 175 References......Page 180 Chapter 8: One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)......Page 181 8.1 Using Excel to Perform a One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)......Page 183 8.2 How to Interpret the ANOVA Table Correctly......Page 186 8.3 Using the Decision Rule for the ANOVA F-Test......Page 187 8.4.1 Comparing Republicans vs. Democrats in Their Attitude Toward U.S. Military Spending Using the ANOVA t-Test......Page 188 8.4.1.1 Finding the Degrees of Freedom for the ANOVA t-test......Page 189 8.4.1.3 Performing an ANOVA t-Test Using Excel commands......Page 190 8.5 End-of-Chapter Practice Problems......Page 192 References......Page 198 Appendix A Answers to End-of-Chapter Practice Problems......Page 199 Chapter 1: Practice Problem #2 Answer (see Fig. A.2)......Page 201 Chapter 1: Practice Problem #3 Answer (see Fig. A.3)......Page 202 Chapter 2: Practice Problem #1 Answer (see Fig. A.4)......Page 203 Chapter 2: Practice Problem #2 Answer (see Fig. A.5)......Page 204 Chapter 2: Practice Problem #3 Answer (see Fig. A.6)......Page 205 Chapter 3: Practice Problem #1 Answer (see Fig. A.7)......Page 206 Chapter 3: Practice Problem #2 Answer (see Fig. A.8)......Page 207 Chapter 3: Practice Problem #3 Answer (see Fig. A.9)......Page 208 Chapter 4: Practice Problem #1 Answer (see Fig. A.10)......Page 209 Chapter 4: Practice Problem #2 Answer (see Fig. A.11)......Page 210 Chapter 4: Practice Problem #3 Answer (see Fig. A.12)......Page 211 Chapter 5: Practice Problem #1 Answer (see Fig. A.13)......Page 212 Chapter 5: Practice Problem #2 Answer (see Fig. A.14)......Page 213 Chapter 5: Practice Problem #3 Answer (see Fig. A.15)......Page 214 Chapter 6: Practice Problem #1 Answer (see Fig. A.16)......Page 215 Chapter 6: Practice Problem #1 (continued)......Page 216 Chapter 6: Practice Problem #2 Answer (see Fig. A.17)......Page 217 Chapter 6: Practice Problem #2 (continued)......Page 218 Chapter 6: Practice Problem #3 Answer (see Fig. A.18)......Page 219 Chapter 7: Practice Problem #1 Answer (see Fig. A.19)......Page 220 Chapter 7: Practice Problem #1 (continued)......Page 221 Chapter 7: Practice Problem #2 (continued)......Page 222 Chapter 7: Practice Problem #3 Answer (see Fig. A.21)......Page 224 Chapter 7: Practice Problem #3 (continued)......Page 225 Chapter 8: Practice Problem #1 Answer (see Fig. A.22)......Page 226 Chapter 8: Practice Problem #1 (continued)......Page 227 Chapter 8: Practice Problem #2 Answer (see Fig. A.23)......Page 228 Chapter 8: Practice Problem #2 (continued)......Page 229 Chapter 8: Practice Problem #3 Answer (see Fig. A.24)......Page 230 Chapter 8: Practice Problem #3 (continued)......Page 231 Chapter 1: Practice Test......Page 232 Chapter 3: Practice Test......Page 233 Chapter 4: Practice Test......Page 235 Appendix C: Answers to Practice Test......Page 245 Practice Test Answer: Chapter 2 (see. Fig. C.2)......Page 246 Practice Test Answer: Chapter 3 (see. Fig. C.3)......Page 247 Practice Test Answer: Chapter 4 (see. Fig. C.4)......Page 248 Practice Test Answer: Chapter 5 (see. Fig. C.5)......Page 249 Practice Test Answer: Chapter 6 (see. Fig. C.6)......Page 250 Practice Test Answer: Chapter 6: (continued)......Page 251 Practice Test Answer: Chapter 7 (see. Fig. C.7)......Page 252 Practice Test Answer: Chapter 7 (continued)......Page 253 Appendix D: Statistical Formulas......Page 256 Appendix E: t-Table......Page 258 Index......Page 259