Flexible Solar Cells

Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering incorporates the most recent technological advances and research developments in photovoltaics. All topics relating to the photovoltaic (PV) industry are discussed and each chapter has been written by an internationally-known expert in the field. Detailed treatment covers: scientific basis of the photovoltaic effect and solar cell operation the production of solar silicon and of silicon-based solar cells and modules the science and technology of up-and-coming thin film PV technologies how choice of semiconductor materials and their production influence costs and performance high-performance approaches for concentrators and space applications new types of organic dye-based solar cells making measurements on solar cells and modules and how to relate results under standardised test conditions to real outdoor performance photovoltaic system installation and operation of components such as inverters and batteries. architectural applications of building-integrated PV finance and the role of investors: public funding and policy in promoting PV world-wide Each chapter is written to be partially accessible to beginners while providing detailed information of the physics and technology for experts. Encompassing a review of past work and the fundamentals in solar electric science, this outstanding reference provides an invaluable resource to practitioners, consultants, researchers and students in the PV engineering industry. Handbook Of Photovoltaic Science And Engineering Incorporates The Most Recent Technological Advances And Research Developments In Photovoltaics. All Topics Relating To The Photovoltaic (pv) Industry Are Discussed And Each Chapter Has Been Written By An Internationally-known Expert In The Field. Detailed Treatment Covers: Scientific Basis Of The Photovoltaic Effect And Solar Cell Operation The Production Of Solar Silicon And Of Silicon-based Solar Cells And Modules The Science And Technology Of Up-and-coming Thin Film Pv Technologies How Choice Of Semiconductor Materials And Their Production In. Status, Trends, Challenges And The Bright Future Of Solar Electricity From Photovoltaics / Steven S. Hegedus And Antonio Luque -- Motivation For Photovoltaic Application And Development / Joachim Luther -- The Physics Of The Solar Cell / Jeffrey L. Gray -- Theoretical Limits Of Photovoltaic Conversion / Antonio Luque And Antonio Martí -- Solar Grade Silicon Feedstock / Bruno Ceccaroli And Otto Lohne -- Bulk Crystal Growth And Wafering For Pv / W. Koch [and Others] -- Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells And Modules / Ignacio Tobías, Carlos Del Cañizo, And Jesús Alonso -- Thin-film Silicon Solar Cells / Bhushan Sopori -- High-efficiency Iii-v Multijunction Solar Cells / J.m. Olson, D.j. Friedman, And Sarah Kurtz -- Space Solar Cells And Arrays / Sheila Bailey And Ryne Raffaelle -- Photovoltaic Concentrators / Richard M. Swanson -- Amorphous Silicon-based Solar Cells / Xunming Deng And Eric A. Schiff -- Cu(ingase2) Solar Cells / William N. Shafarman And Lars Stolt -- Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells / Brian E. Mccandless And James R. Sites -- Dye-sensitized Solar Cells / Kohjiro Hara And Hironori Arakawa -- Measurement And Characterization Of Solar Cells And Modules / Keith Emery -- Photovoltaic Systems / Klaus Preiser -- Electrochemical Storage For Photovoltaics / Dirk Uwe Sauer -- Power Conditioning For Photovoltaic Power Systems / Jürgen Schmid And Heribert Schmidt -- Energy Collected And Delivered By Pv Modules / Eduardo Lorenzo -- Economic Analysis And Environmental Aspects Of Photovoltaic Systems / Richard A. Whisnant, Stephen A. Johnston, And James H. Hutchby -- Pv In Architecture / Tjerk H. Reijenga -- Photovoltaics And Development / Jorge M. Huacuz And Lalith. Gunaratne -- Financing Pv Growth / Michael T. Eckhart, Jack L. Stone, And Keith Rutledge. Edited By Antonio Luque And Steven Hegedus. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. This Book Is The First Comprehensive Overview Covering The Different Thin-film Solar Cell Technologies: From The More Classical Ones (a-si:h, Cdte, Cis) To The Novel Ones Which Are Making Their Way From The Lab To Actual Production. The Book Not Only Provides The Reader With A Good Overview But Also Provides Recent Insights On Advanced Characterization, Device Modelling And Upscaling Of The Different Approaches. The Book Is Intended For Postgraduate Researchers In The Pv Domain, Industrial Researchers In The Pv Domain And Photonics Professionals.--book Jacket. Epitaxial Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells On Low Cost Silicon Carriers / Jef Poortmans -- Crystalline Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells On Foreign Substrates By High Temperature Deposition And Recrystallization / Stefan Reber, Thomas Kieliba, Sandra Bau -- Thin Film Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells / Guy Beaucarne, Abdellilah Slaoui -- Advances In Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cell Technologies / Evelyne Vallat-sauvain, Arvind Shah, Julien Bailat -- Advanced Amorphous Silicon Solar Cell Technologies / Miro Zeman -- Chalcopyrite Based Solar Cells / Renier Klenk, Martha Ch. Lux-steiner -- Cadmium Telluride Thin Film Solar Cells : Characterization, Fabrication And Modeling / Marc Burgelman -- Charge Carrier Photogeneration In Doped And Blended Organic Semiconductors / V.i. Arkhipov, H. Bässler -- Nanocrystalline Injection Solar Cells / Michael Grätzel -- Charge Transport And Recombination In Donor-acceptor Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells / A.j. Mozer, N.s. Sariciftci -- The Terawatt Challenge For Thin Film Photovoltaics / Ken Zweibel. Epitaxial Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells On Low Cost Silicon Carriers -- Crystalling Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells On Foreign Substrates By High Temperature Deposition And Recrystallization -- Thin Film Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells -- Advances In Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cell Technologies -- Advanced Amorphous Silicon Solar Cell Technologies -- Chalcopyrite Based Solar Cells -- Cadmium Telluride Thin Film Solar Cells: Characterization, Fabrication And Modeling -- Charge Carrier Photogeneration In Doped And Blended Organic Semiconductors -- Nanocrystalline Injection Solar Cells -- Charge Transport And Recombination In Donor-acceptor Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells -- The Terawatt Challenge For Thin Film Photovoltaics. Edited By Jef Poortmans And Vladimir Arkhipov. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Edited And Written By The Leading Researchers And Engineers From Such Companies As Philips, 3m, Xerox, Infineon, Plasticlogic, Eastman Kodak, Dupont, Aixtron, And Hueck Folien, This Book Presents Unrivalled And Undiluted Expertise From Those Who Know Best How To Assess The Risks, Opportunities And Where This Technology Is Really Heading. As Such, This Practical Approach Complements The More Scientific And Fundamentals-oriented Literature On The Market By Providing Readers With A First-hand Insight Into Industrial Activities To Commercialize Organic Electronics. Following An Introduction To The. Organic Transistors / Gilles Horowitz -- High-performance Pentacene Transistors / Tommie Kelley -- Engineered Pentacenes / John E. Anthony -- Organic Semiconductors Based On Polythiophene And Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole / Beng S. Ong, Yiliang Wu, And Yuning Li -- Electrical And Environmental Stability Of Polymer Thin-film Transistors / Alberto Salleo And Michael L. Chabinyc -- Gate Dielectrics / Marcus Halik -- Advanced Flexible Polymeric Substrates / William A. Macdonald -- Reel-to-reel Vacuum Metallization / Roland Treutlein, Martin Bergsmann, And Carl J. Stonley -- Organic Vapor Phase Deposition / Michael Heuken And Nico Meyer -- Thermal Imaging And Micro-contact Printing / Hee Hyun Lee, John Rogers, And Graciela Blanchet -- Thin-film Transistor Fabrication By Digital Lithography / William S. Wong [and Others] -- Manufacturing Of Organic Transistor Circuits By Solution-based Printing / Henning Sirringhaus [and Others] -- From Transistors To Large-scale Integrated Circuits / Gerwin H. Gelinck [and Others] -- Roll-up Active-matrix Displays / H. Edzer A. Huitema [and Others] -- Active-matrix Light-emitting Displays / Shelby F. Nelson And Lisong Zhou -- Large-area Detectors And Sensors / Takao Someya And Takayasu Sakurai -- Organic Semiconductor-based Chemical Sensors / Howard E. Katz And Jia Huang. Edited By Hagen Klauk. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Edited and written by the leading researchers and engineers from such companies as Philips, 3M, Xerox, Infineon, PlasticLogic, Eastman Kodak, Dupont, AIXTRON, and Hueck Folien, this book presents unrivalled and undiluted expertise from those who know best how to assess the risks, opportunities and where this technology is really heading. As such, this practical approach complements the more scientific and fundamentals-oriented literature on the market by providing readers with a first-hand insight into industrial activities to commercialize organic electronics. Following an introduction to the topic, including the history, motivation, benefits and potentials, it reviews recent advances and covers all three important facets of organic the chemical compounds and materials, manufacturing techniques, and the resulting devices together with their current applications. Thin-film solar cells are either emerging or about to emerge from the research laboratory to become commercially available devices finding practical various applications. Currently no textbook outlining the basic theoretical background, methods of fabrication and applications currently exist. Thus, this book aims to present for the first time an in-depth overview of this topic covering a broad range of thin-film solar cell technologies including both organic and inorganic materials, presented in a systematic fashion, by the scientific leaders in the respective domains. It covers a broad range of related topics, from physical principles to design, fabrication, characterization, and applications of novel photovoltaic devices.

Providing complementary viewpoints from technological companies as well as academia, this reference covers the three most important aspects of successful device design: materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies. In so doing, it closes the gap between basic academic material and device research and the technologies relevant for product development, providing an insight into commercialization concerns, such as packaging technologies, system integration, reel-to-reel large scale manufacturing issues and production costs. With a contribution by Nobel Laureate Alan Heeger.

Providing complementary viewpoints from academia as well as technology companies, this book covers the three most important aspects of successful device materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies. It also offers an insight into commercialization concerns, such as packaging technologies, system integration, reel-to-reel large scale manufacturing issues and production costs. With an introduction by Nobel Laureate Alan Heeger. This practical approach to the topic allows a first-hand insight into industrial activities to commercialize organic electronics. Edited and written by the leading researchers and engineers from industry, the book presents unrivalled and undiluted expertise from those who know best how to assess the risks, opportunities and where this technology is really heading In order to substantially reduce the costs of present crystalline Si solar cells, the material consumption of highly pure Si in a typical solar cell structure should be reduced.