Guided-wave optoelectronics : device characterization, analysis, and design

In 1945, Dr. Ernst Weber founded, and was the first Director of, the Microwave Research Institute (MRI) at Polytechnic University (at that time named the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn). MRI gained worldwide recognition in the 50s and 60s for its research in electromagnetic theory, antennas and radiation, network theory and microwave networks, microwave components, and devices. It was also known through its series of 24 topical symposia and the widely distributed hardbound MRI Symposium Proceedings. Rededicated as the Weber Research Institute (WRI) in 1986, the institute currently conducts research in such areas as electromagnetic propagation and antennas, ultrabroadband electromagnetics, pulse power, acoustics, gaseous electronics, plasma physics, solid-state materials, quantum electronics, electromagnetic launchers, and networks. Following MRI tradition, WRI has launched its own series of in-depth topical conferences with published proceedings. Previous conferences in this series were: Directions in Electromagnetic Wave Modeling; October 1990 Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics; October, 1992 Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics, II; October, 1994 The proceedings of these conferences were also published by Plenum Press. This volume constitutes the proceedings of the fourth WRI International Conference dealing with Guided-Wave Optoelectronics: Device Characterization, Analysis and Design. The conference was held October 26-28, 1994, at the Polytechnic University in Brooklyn, New York, in cooperation with the IEEE Lasers and Electro­ Optics Society, and with the Optical Society of America. Theodor Tamir Giora Griffel Henry L. Bertoni v CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY Scanning the symposium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . T. Tamir and G. Griffel Photonics in telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 . . . . . . . . . H. Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Scanning the Symposium....Pages 1-2 Photonics in Telecommunications....Pages 3-4 Development and Applications of Commercial LiNbO 3 Guided-Wave Devices....Pages 5-7 Field Induced Waveguides in LiNbO 3 :New Developments....Pages 9-15 Electrooptic Tunable Filters for WDM Networks....Pages 17-24 Demonstration of 250 Gb/s All-Optical Routing Control of a Photonic Crossbar Switch....Pages 25-33 An Electrode-Less Integrated Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Electric Field Sensor....Pages 35-43 Monolithic Semiconductor MOPAs: How the Watt Was Won....Pages 45-47 Multi-Wavelength Vertical Cavity Laser Arrays Grown on a Patterned Backup Substrate....Pages 49-57 Polarization Induced Enhancement of Relative Intensity Noise and Modulation Distortion of Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers....Pages 59-65 InP Based Multiple Quantum Well Lasers with an Integrated Tapered Beam Expander Waveguide....Pages 67-73 Optimal Design of Combined Distributed-Feedback/Fabry-Perot Structures for Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Semiconductor Lasers....Pages 75-81 Transmission-Line Modeling of Multi-Section DFB Lasers....Pages 83-91 Analysis of Gain Coupled DFB Semiconductor Lasers with Absorption Grating....Pages 93-104 Linewidth Reduction by the Formation of a Fiber External Cavity with the Vertical Emission of a Distributed Bragg Reflector Laser....Pages 105-114 Distributed Feedback Lasers for Diode Laser Gas Sensing....Pages 115-123 Modeling of Optical Gain Due to Excitonic Transitions in Index-Guided ZnCdSe/ZnMgSSe Multiple Quantum Well Blue-Green Lasers....Pages 125-132 Low Threshold Current Density Wavelength Shifting between N=1 and N=2 Transitions in n-Type Modulation Doped GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Well Lasers....Pages 133-138 High-Speed Photonic Waveguide Switch Arrays and Optical Amplifier Gates in InGaAsP/InP for Communications Applications....Pages 139-141 Analysis of N X M Waveguide Splitters and Couplers with Multimode Guiding Sections....Pages 143-153 Wavelength-Flattened Three Core Optical Coupler Power Splitters in Ion-Exchanged Glass....Pages 155-165 Single Band and Multi-Band Optical Waveguide Wavelength Filters Using Ion-Exchange Process....Pages 167-175 Synthesis of Optical Interconnects and Logic Gates....Pages 177-186 Modelling of a Versatile All-Optical Mach-Zehnder Switch....Pages 187-196 A Guide/Antiguide Structure for Implementing Self-Imaging Waveguide Beamsplitters....Pages 197-204 Strained-Layer Superlattices for Polarization-Insensitive Integrated Waveguide Applications....Pages 205-211 Power Coupling Efficiency for Electro-Optic Directional Coupler Switch....Pages 213-219 Design Optimization and Fabrication of a Widened X-Branch Demultiplexer by Ion-Exchange in Glass....Pages 221-229 Recent Progress in the Development of Traveling Wave LiNbO 3 Modulators....Pages 231-236 Integrated Magnetooptic Bragg Cell Modules and Applications....Pages 237-247 High-Speed Wideband Integrated Magneto-Optic Frequency Shifter and Modulator....Pages 249-255 GaAs VLSI-Compatible OEIC Technology: Design for a Quantum Well n-i-p-i Phase Modulator....Pages 257-267 Design and Analysis of Surface-Normal Fabry-Perot Optical Modulators in the Near Infrared (InGaAs/GaAs) and Blue-Green (ZnCdSe/ZnMgSSe) Regions....Pages 269-278 Optical Phase Modulation of a Quantum Well-Dielectric Slab Waveguide....Pages 279-285 Characterization of Optical Modulators for Application in Lightwave Links at CERN....Pages 287-293 Periodic Waveguide Structures — 101 Varieties!....Pages 295-296 Waveguide Grating Router Components for WDM Networks....Pages 297-298 Distributed Feedback Channel Dropping Filters....Pages 299-311 Periodically Segmented Waveguides....Pages 313-320 Guided Wave Deflectors Using Gratings with Slowly-Varying Groove Depth for Beam Shaping....Pages 321-332 Waveguide Coupling Gratings: Attractive Features and Dangerous Pitfalls....Pages 333-354 Integrated-Optic Displacement Sensor Using a Pair of Grating Couplers....Pages 355-362 Rigorous Guided-Wave Solutions for Planar Grating Structures....Pages 363-370 Cascading: Modelling a New Route to Large Optical Nonlinearities and All-Optical Devices....Pages 371-379 Nonlinear phase-shifts by cascading in the Čerenkov regime....Pages 381-389 Ultrashort Pulse Propagation in Nonlinear Planar Optical Waveguides....Pages 391-398 λ/4-Shifted Nonlinear Periodic Structure: Theory of Low-Intensity Switching....Pages 399-406 Frequency Conversion in Ti:LiNbO 3 Channel Waveguides....Pages 407-413 Spatial Solitons in Superlattice with near Resonant Nonlinearity....Pages 415-421 Computer-Aided Analysis and Design in Guided-Wave Optoelectronics....Pages 423-428 Parallel-Processing Finite-Difference Beam Propagation Methods....Pages 429-434 An Explicit and Stable Finite Difference BPM for Applications to Device Analysis and Design....Pages 435-444 An OEIC CAD System for Passive and Active Planar Waveguide Circuits....Pages 445-453 Finite Element Solution of Nonlinear Optical Waveguides....Pages 455-461 Highly Efficient Light-Emitting Diodes with Microcavities....Pages 463-475 Wide Stop Band Optical Filters from Photonic Band Gap Air Bridges....Pages 477-483 Applications and Characterization of a New Face-Centered-Cubic Photonic Crystal....Pages 485-494 Microparticle Photonics: Fiber Optic Excitation of MDR’s....Pages 495-497 Back Matter....Pages 499-501 In 1945, Dr. Ernst Weber founded, and was the first Director of, the Microwave Research Institute (MRI) at Polytechnic University (at that time named the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn). MRI gained worldwide recognition in the 50s and 60s for its research in electromagnetic theory, antennas and radiation, network theory and microwave networks, microwave components, and devices. It was also known through its series of 24 topical symposia and the widely distributed hardbound MRI Symposium Proceedings. Rededicated as the Weber Research Institute (WRI) in 1986, the institute currently conducts research in such areas as electromagnetic propagation and antennas, ultrabroadband electromagnetics, pulse power, acoustics, gaseous electronics, plasma physics, solid-state materials, quantum electronics, electromagnetic launchers, and networks. Following MRI tradition, WRI has launched its own series of in-depth topical conferences with published proceedings. Previous conferences in this series were: Directions in Electromagnetic Wave Modeling; October 1990 Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics; October, 1992 Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics, II; October, 1994 The proceedings of these conferences were also published by Plenum Press. This volume constitutes the proceedings of the fourth WRI International Conference dealing with Guided-Wave Optoelectronics: Device Characterization, Analysis and Design. The conference was held October 26-28, 1994, at the Polytechnic University in Brooklyn, New York, in cooperation with the IEEE Lasers and ElectroƯ Optics Society, and with the Optical Society of America. Theodor Tamir Giora Griffel Henry L. Bertoni v CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY Scanning the symposium. ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... . T. Tamir and G. Griffel Photonics in telecommunications. ... ... ... ... 3 ... ... H The book is a completely new survey of the most recent advances in the areas of integrated optics and optelectronics. Written by nine authors who are internationally recognized authorities in their areas, the book contains chapters on optical waveguides, lightwave junctions and other thin-film components, lithium-niobate (LiNbO3) devices, guided-mode semiconductor (GaAs and related) lasers and integrated optic devices. Included are sections on basic theory as well as detailed descriptions of fabrication technology, applications and a plethora of available devices. The book should be of great interest to all researchers and engineers involved with integrated optics, optoelectronics and electro-optic systems and devices. Because of the systematic arrangement of its chapters, the book should also be very useful to graduate and senior undergraduate students. In addition, it will serve as a comprehensive reference manual for the theory and application of the most recent thin-film optical and optoelectronic technology.