Handbook on Hyperbaric Medicine

It is now ten years since the first Handbook on Hyperbaric Medicine was published. During this time there have been many major advances: our understanding of the actions of hyperbaric oxygenation, and the pathophysiological processes it engages, have been elucidated by several studies; clinical practice is becoming more scientific with the application of evidence-based medicine (EBM) principles and the appearance of a number of randomised clinical trials; various consensus-derived organisational and operational recommendations and guidelines have become normative and are now widely accepted. For the European part, these positive developments are largely due to the continuous action of the European Committee for Hyperbaric Medicine (ECHM) – the springboard of many of these initiatives. One of the most successful initiatives was the start of a specific European research action sponsored by the EU Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST) programme. The specific COST Action for hyperbaric medicine, COST B14, has been completed and, in combination with the results of a number of experimental and clinical studies performed over the last 6 years, has provided the impetus for the publication of this new Handbook. The final product is a reference document for researchers and clinicians alike, to be used both in the research laboratory and in everyday hyperbaric clinical practice. It also provides support material for teachers and will assist students in obtaining ECHM level II and III qualifications in hyperbaric medicine. This Handbook will be of excellent use for the international scientific community. Contents......Page 5 Foreword......Page 9 Contributors......Page 10 Preface......Page 14 A History of Hyperbaric Medicine......Page 19 Part I: Physical and Pathophysiological Bases of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy......Page 30 1.1. Physics of Hyperbaric Pressure......Page 31 1.2. Biochemistry of Oxygen......Page 40 1.3. Physiologic Effects of Increased Barometric Pressure......Page 46 1.4. Physiologic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Oxygen Transport and Tissue Oxygen Pressure......Page 63 1.5. Physiologic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Hemodynamics and Microcirculation......Page 88 1.6. Physiologic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Microorganisms and Host Defences Against Infection......Page 115 1.7. Physiologic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Ischemia Reperfusion Phenomenon......Page 132 1.8. Physiologic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Wound Healing Processes......Page 146 1.9. Physiologic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on DNA and DNA Repair – Genotoxicity of Hyperbaric Oxygen and its Prevention......Page 157 Part II: Indications for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy......Page 170 2.1. Methodology for Assessing Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Clinical Practice......Page 171 2.2. Recommended Indications......Page 179 2.2.1 Dysbaric Illness......Page 180 2.2.2 Gas Embolism......Page 224 2.2.3 Carbon Monoxide Poisoning......Page 246 2.2.4 Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections......Page 269 2.2.5 Intra-Cranial Abscess......Page 296 2.2.6 Crush Injury and Other Acute Traumatic Ischemia......Page 310 2.2.7 Compromised Skin Graft and Flap......Page 333 2.2.8 Radio-Induced Lesion in Normal Tissues......Page 366 2.2.9 Non-Healing Wounds......Page 403 2.2.10 Persistent Osteomyelitis......Page 430 2.2.11 Sudden Deafness......Page 451 2.2.12 Neuroblastoma......Page 469 2.3. Optional Indications......Page 476 2.3.1 Burns......Page 477 2.3.2 Anoxic Encephalopathy......Page 493 2.3.3 Pleuropulmonary Anaerobic Infections......Page 507 2.3.4 Post Vascular Procedure Reperfusion Syndrome and Limb Replantation......Page 519 2.3.5 Acute Ischemic Ophthalmological Disorders......Page 524 2.3.6 Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis......Page 533 2.4. Controversial and Non Indications......Page 540 2.4.1 Femoral Head Necrosis......Page 541 2.4.2 Cerebrovascular Incidents (Stroke)......Page 547 2.4.3 Post-Sternotomy Mediastinitis......Page 561 2.4.4 Sickle Cell Disease......Page 571 2.4.5 Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury......Page 579 2.4.6 Myocardial Infarction......Page 585 2.4.7 Malignant Otitis Externa......Page 590 2.4.8 Other Controversial or Non Indications......Page 593 Part III: Practice of hyperbaric medicine......Page 601 3.1. Hyperbaric Chamber and Equipment......Page 602 3.2. Organization of a Hyperbaric Center......Page 628 3.3. Patient Management......Page 642 3.4. A Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy......Page 661 3.5. Education and Training of Hyperbaric Centre personnel......Page 669 3.6. Safety in Hyperbaric Medicine......Page 681 3.7. Complications of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy......Page 702 3.7.1 Barotraumatism......Page 703 3.7.2 Oxygen Toxicity......Page 718 3.8. Organisation of Hyperbaric Medicine in Europe......Page 753 3.9. Research in Hyperbaric Medicine......Page 765 Annex: List of Hyperbaric Therapeutic Centres in Europe......Page 779 B......Page 790 D......Page 791 F......Page 792 I......Page 793 O......Page 794 P......Page 795 T......Page 796 W......Page 797 It is now ten years since the first Handbook on Hyperbaric Medicine was published. During this time there have been many major advances: our understanding of the actions of hyperbaric oxygenation has been elucidated by several studies; clinical practice is becoming more scientific; various consensus-derived organisational and operational recommendations and guidelines are now widely accepted. As for Europe, these positive developments are largely due to the continuous action of the European Committee for Hyperbaric Medicine (ECHM). One of the most successful initiatives was the start of a specific European research action sponsored by the EU Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST) programme. The specific COST Action for hyperbaric medicine, COST B14, has been completed and has provided the impetus for the publication of this new Handbook. This book is a reference document for researchers and clinicians, and is also of excellent use for both teachers and students. The decade since the first Handbook on Hyperbaric Medicine has seen major advances: studies have clarified the actions of hyperbaric oxygenation; clinical practice is becoming more scientific; various organisational and operational guidelines are now widely accepted. This new Handbook arises from the EU Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST) programme for hyperbaric medicine, COST B14, in combination with the results of a number of recent experimental and clinical studies. Elucidates our understanding of the actions of hyperbaric oxygenation by several studies. This work accepts various consensus-derived organisational and operational recommendations and guidelines. It is a reference document for researchers and clinicians, and is also of use for both teachers and students Edited By Daniel Mathieu. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Mode Of Access: World Wide Web.