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The unique, visual format of Illustrated C# 2008 has been specially created by author, and teacher of development methods, Daniel Solis. The concise text, use of tables to clarify language features, frequent figures and diagrams, as well as focused code samples all combine to create a unique approach that will help you understand and get to work with C# fast.It was while teaching numerous seminars on various programming languages that the author realized the immense power diagrams have in explaining programming language concepts. Most people learn quicker and retain information better when the material is presented in a clean, simple, visual format. To achieve this result in his book, Solis uses concise text and bulleted lists, tables to clarify and summarize language features, as well as his renowned, ubiquitous figures and diagrams. Each language feature is illustrated with a concise and focused code sample for complete clarity.Following an overview of the .NET platform and the role played by C#, you'll soon move into exploring the C# language in its entirety, including all the new C# 2008 features right down to the most complex topics involved in C#. If you're a C++ or VB programmer migrating to C# 2008, this book will be invaluable; the unique visual approach offers a far from lightweight treatment of C# 2008, so even the most experienced programmers will come away with a deeper understanding of the C# language.What you'll learn * Details of the C# 2008 language presented in a clear, concise treatment * New features in the latest version of .NET, in the author's unique visual style * How C#differs from and is similar to other programming languages, aiding migrating C++ and VB programmers who already know how languages work Who is this book for? * Visual Basic programmers interested in moving to C# * C++ programmers interested in moving to C# * Novice programmers interested in learning C# * Students in introductory programming classes learning C#" Illustrated C# 2008......Page 1 Contents at a Glance......Page 6 Contents......Page 9 About the Author......Page 25 About the Technical Reviewer......Page 27 Acknowledgments......Page 29 Introduction......Page 31 C# and the .NET Framework......Page 33 Unknown......Page 0 Goals for the Next-Generation Platform......Page 34 Components of the .NET Framework......Page 35 Automatic Garbage Collection......Page 36 No COM Required......Page 37 The Base Class Library......Page 38 Overview of Compilation and Execution......Page 41 Common Language Specification (CLS)......Page 44 Overview of C# Programming......Page 47 Types, Storage, and Variables......Page 63 Types of Members......Page 66 More About the Predefined Types......Page 68 Facts About Stacks......Page 70 The Heap......Page 71 Storing Members of a Reference Type Object......Page 72 Categorizing the C# Types......Page 73 Variable Declarations......Page 74 Automatic Initialization......Page 75 Using the Value of a Variable......Page 76 Classes: The Basics......Page 77 A Class Is an Active Data Structure......Page 78 Fields......Page 81 Declarations with Multiple Fields......Page 82 Methods......Page 83 Combining the Steps......Page 86 Private and Public Access......Page 88 Depicting Public and Private Access......Page 89 Example of Member Access......Page 90 Methods......Page 97 Code Execution in the Method Body......Page 99 Type Inference and the var Keyword......Page 101 Local Variables Inside Nested Blocks......Page 102 Flow of Control......Page 104 The Return Statement and Void Methods......Page 108 Formal Parameters......Page 110 Actual Parameters......Page 111 An Example of Methods with Input Parameters......Page 112 Expanded Form......Page 123 Arrays As Actual Parameters......Page 126 More About Classes......Page 133 Order of Member Modifiers......Page 134 Example of a Static Field......Page 138 Lifetimes of Static Members......Page 139 Constants Are Like Statics......Page 143 Property Declarations and Accessors......Page 146 A Property Example......Page 147 Using a Property......Page 148 Properties and Associated Fields......Page 149 Performing Other Calculations......Page 151 Read-Only and Write-Only Properties......Page 152 An Example of a Computed, Read-Only Property......Page 153 Example of Properties and Databases......Page 154 Automatically Implemented Properties......Page 155 Static Properties......Page 157 Constructors with Parameters......Page 159 Default Constructors......Page 160 Accessibility of Constructors......Page 162 Calling the Destructor......Page 166 The Standard Dispose Pattern......Page 168 Indexers and Properties......Page 174 Declaring an Indexer......Page 175 The set Accessor......Page 176 The get Accessor......Page 177 Declaring the Indexer for the Employee Example......Page 178 Another Indexer Example......Page 180 Indexer Overloading......Page 181 Partial Methods......Page 185 Classes and Inheritance......Page 187 All Classes Are Derived from Class object......Page 190 Virtual and Override Methods......Page 196 Case 1: Declaring Print with override......Page 198 Case 2: Declaring Print with new......Page 200 Constructor Initializers......Page 203 Class Access Modifiers......Page 205 Regions Accessing a Member......Page 209 Private Member Accessibility......Page 210 Internal Member Accessibility......Page 211 Protected Internal Member Accessibility......Page 212 Summary of Member Access Modifiers......Page 213 Example of an Abstract Class and an Abstract Method......Page 216 Expressions and Operators......Page 225 Real Literals......Page 229 Precedence......Page 233 Associativity......Page 234 Comparison and Equality Operations......Page 238 Compound Assignment......Page 248 Explicit Conversion and the Cast Operator......Page 254 Restrictions on Operator Overloading......Page 256 Example of Operator Overloading......Page 257 Statements......Page 261 A Switch Example......Page 269 More on the switch Statement......Page 270 Switch Labels......Page 271 The Scope of Variables in a for Statement......Page 277 Multiple Expressions in the Initializer and Iteration Expression......Page 278 Labels......Page 281 The Scope of Labeled Statements......Page 282 The goto Statement Inside a switch Statement......Page 283 Packaging Use of the Resource......Page 285 Example of the using Statement......Page 286 Multiple Resources and Nesting......Page 287 Another Form of the using Statement......Page 288 Namespaces and Assemblies......Page 291 The mscorlib Library......Page 295 Namespace Names......Page 299 More About Namespaces......Page 300 Namespaces Spread Across Files......Page 301 Nesting Namespaces......Page 302 The using Namespace Directive......Page 303 The using Alias Directive......Page 304 Creating a Strongly Named Assembly......Page 310 Installing Assemblies into the GAC......Page 312 Side-by-Side Execution in the GAC......Page 313 Exceptions......Page 317 Handling the Exception......Page 320 General Algorithm......Page 328 Example of Searching Down the Call Stack......Page 329 Structs......Page 335 Instance Constructors......Page 339 Summary of Constructors and Destructors......Page 341 Enumerations......Page 345 Setting the Underlying Type and Explicit Values......Page 348 Implicit Member Numbering......Page 349 The Flags Attribute......Page 352 Example Using Bit Flags......Page 354 Arrays......Page 359 Important Details......Page 360 Declaring a One-Dimensional Array or a Rectangular Array......Page 363 Explicit Initialization of One-Dimensional Arrays......Page 366 Syntax Points for Initializing Rectangular Arrays......Page 367 Shortcut Syntax......Page 368 Implicitly Typed Arrays......Page 369 Putting It All Together......Page 370 Shortcut Instantiation......Page 372 Instantiating a Jagged Array......Page 373 Sub-Arrays in Jagged Arrays......Page 374 The Iteration Variable Is Read-Only......Page 378 Example with a Rectangular Array......Page 379 Example with a Jagged Array......Page 380 The Clone Method......Page 384 Delegates......Page 387 Methods in the Invocation List......Page 388 Using Anonymous Methods......Page 402 Return Type......Page 403 params Parameters......Page 404 Outer Variables......Page 405 Extension of Captured Variable’s Lifetime......Page 406 Events......Page 411 An Event Has a Private Delegate......Page 413 The Delegate Type and EventHandler......Page 416 Removing Event Handlers......Page 420 Using the EventArgs Class......Page 421 Passing Data by Extending EventArgs......Page 422 Using the Custom Delegate......Page 423 Interfaces......Page 429 Example Using the IComparable Interface......Page 431 Example with a Simple Interface......Page 437 Accessing Explicit Interface Member Implementations......Page 450 Example of Different Classes Implementing an Interface......Page 452 Conversions......Page 455 Casting......Page 459 Implicit Numeric Conversions......Page 461 The checked and unchecked Operators......Page 462 The checked and unchecked Statements......Page 463 Integral to Integral......Page 464 decimal to Integral......Page 465 float or double to decimal......Page 466 decimal to float or double......Page 467 Implicit Reference Conversions......Page 469 Explicit Reference Conversions......Page 471 Valid Explicit Reference Conversions......Page 472 Boxing Creates a Copy......Page 475 The Boxing Conversions......Page 476 The Unboxing Conversions......Page 477 Constraints on User-Defined Conversions......Page 478 Example of a User-Defined Conversion......Page 479 Example of a Multi-Step User-Defined Conversion......Page 481 Generics......Page 485 A Stack Example......Page 486 Continuing with the Stack Example......Page 489 The Stack Example Using Generics......Page 495 Comparing the Generic and Non-Generic Stack......Page 497 Where Clauses......Page 499 Constraint Types and Order......Page 500 An Example Using Generic Interfaces......Page 503 Generic Interface Implementations Must Be Unique......Page 504 Another Generic Delegate Example......Page 507 Declaring a Generic Method......Page 509 Invoking a Generic Method......Page 510 Inferring Types......Page 511 Example of a Generic Method......Page 512 Enumerators and Iterators......Page 515 Using the foreach Statement......Page 516 Types of Enumerators......Page 517 Declaring an IEnumerator Enumerator......Page 521 Example Using IEnumerable and IEnumerator......Page 524 Iterator Blocks......Page 535 Using an Iterator to Create an Enumerator......Page 536 Using an Iterator to Create an Enumerable......Page 537 Introduction to LINQ......Page 547 Anonymous Types......Page 550 The from Clause......Page 557 The join Clause......Page 559 What Is a Join?......Page 560 The from . . . let . . . where Section in the Query Body......Page 563 The from Clause......Page 564 The let Clause......Page 565 The where Clause......Page 566 The orderby Clause......Page 567 The select . . . group Clause......Page 568 Anonymous Types in Queries......Page 570 The group Clause......Page 571 Query Continuation......Page 573 Query Expressions and the Standard Query Operators......Page 576 Signatures of the Standard Query Operators......Page 577 Delegates As Parameters......Page 579 The LINQ Predefined Delegate Types......Page 581 Example Using a Delegate Parameter......Page 582 Example Using a Lambda Expression Parameter......Page 583 Markup Languages......Page 585 XML Basics......Page 586 The XML Classes......Page 588 Creating, Saving, Loading, and Displaying an XML Document......Page 589 Creating an XML Tree......Page 590 Using Values from the XML Tree......Page 591 Adding Nodes and Manipulating XML......Page 594 Working with XML Attributes......Page 596 XProcessingInstruction......Page 600 Using LINQ Queries with LINQ to XML......Page 602 Introduction to Asynchronous Programming......Page 605 Multithreading Considerations......Page 607 The Complexity of Multithreading......Page 608 The Wait-Until-Done Pattern......Page 612 The AsyncResult Class......Page 614 The Polling Pattern......Page 615 The Callback Method......Page 617 Calling EndInvoke Inside the Callback Method......Page 618 Preprocessor Directives......Page 625 Reflection and Attributes......Page 637 The Obsolete Attribute......Page 645 The Conditional Attribute......Page 646 Example of the Conditional Attribute......Page 647 Predefined Attributes......Page 648 Multiple Attributes......Page 649 Other Types of Targets......Page 650 Global Attributes......Page 651 Declaring a Custom Attribute......Page 652 Specifying the Constructor......Page 653 Using the Constructor......Page 654 Positional and Named Parameters in Constructors......Page 655 Restricting the Usage of an Attribute......Page 657 The Constructor for AttributeUsage......Page 658 Suggested Practices for Custom Attributes......Page 659 Using the IsDefined Method......Page 660 Using the GetCustomAttributes Method......Page 661 Other Topics......Page 663 Using Class StringBuilder......Page 665 Formatting Numeric Strings......Page 666 The Alignment Specifier......Page 667 The Format Component......Page 668 Standard Numeric Format Specifiers......Page 669 Creating a Nullable Type......Page 672 Assigning to a Nullable Type......Page 675 Using Operators and the Null Coalescing Operator......Page 676 Using Nullable User-Defined Types......Page 677 Nullable ......Page 678 Accessibility of Main......Page 680 Inserting Documentation Comments......Page 682 Using Other XML Tags......Page 683 Example of a Nested Class......Page 685 Visibility and Nested Types......Page 686 Index......Page 689

The unique, visual format of Illustrated C# 2008 has been specially created by author and teacher of development methods, Daniel Solis. The concise text, use of tables to clarify language features, frequent figures and diagrams, as well as focused code samples all combine to create a unique approach that will help you understand and get to work with C# fast.

It was while teaching numerous seminars on various programming languages that the author realized the immense power that diagrams have in explaining programming language concepts. Most people learn quicker and retain information better when the material is presented in a clean, simple, visual format. To achieve this result in his book, Solis uses concise text and bulleted lists, tables to clarify and summarize language features, as well as his renowned andubiquitous figures and diagrams. Each language feature is illustrated with a concise and focused code sample for complete clarity.

Following an overview of the .NET platform and the role played by C#, you’ll soon move into exploring the C# language in its entirety, including all the new C# 2008 features right down to the most complex topics involved in C#. If you’re a C++ or VB programmer migrating to C# 2008, this book will be invaluable; the unique visual approach offers a far from lightweight treatment of C# 2008, so even the most experienced programmers will come away with a deeper understanding of the C# language.

What you’ll learn

• Details of the C# 2008 language presented in a clear, concise treatment
• New features in the latest version of .NET, in the author’s unique visual style
• How C# differs from and is similar to other programming languages, aiding migrating C++ and VB programmers who already know how languages work

Who this book is for

• Visual Basic programmers interested in moving to C#
• C++ programmers interested in moving to C#
• Novice programmers interested in learning C#
• Students in introductory programming classes learning C#

The unique, visual format of Illustrated C# 2008 has been specially created by author and teacher of development methods, Daniel Solis. The concise text, use of tables to clarify language features, frequent figures and diagrams, as well as focused code samples all combine to create a unique approach that will help you understand and get to work with C# fast. It was while teaching numerous seminars on various programming languages that the author realized the immense power that diagrams have in explaining programming language concepts. Most people learn quicker and retain information better when the material is presented in a clean, simple, visual format. To achieve this result in his book, Solis uses concise text and bulleted lists, tables to clarify and summarize language features, as well as his renowned and ubiquitous figures and diagrams. Each language feature is illustrated with a concise and focused code sample for complete clarity. Following an overview of the.NET platform and the role played by C#, you'll soon move into exploring the C# language in its entirety, including all the new C# 2008 features right down to the most complex topics involved in C#. If you're a C++ or VB programmer migrating to C# 2008, this book will be invaluable; the unique visual approach offers a far from lightweight treatment of C# 2008, so even the most experienced programmers will come away with a deeper understanding of the C# language. Offering a fast and clear reference to C# technology, a visual guide to the latest features, functions, and upgrades of the C# 2008 programming language covers such topics as syntax, classes and objects, exception handling, strings, arrays, delegates, threading, generics, LINQ, multithreading, interfaces, and other topics. Original. (Beginner)