Java : A Beginner's Guide, Eighth Edition, 8th Edition

Up-to-Date, Essential Java Programming Skills—Made Easy! Fully updated for Java Platform, Standard Edition 11 (Java SE 11), Java: A Beginner’s Guide, Eighth Edition gets you started programming in Java right away. Best-selling programming author Herb Schildt begins with the basics, such as how to create, compile, and run a Java program. He then moves on to the keywords, syntax, and constructs that form the core of the Java language. The book also covers some of Java’s more advanced features, including multithreaded programming, generics, lambda expressions, modules, and Swing. As an added bonus, an introduction to JShell, Java’s interactive programming tool, is included. Best of all, it’s written in the clear, crisp, uncompromising style that has made Schildt the choice of millions worldwide. Designed for Easy Learning: •Key Skills and Concepts—Chapter-opening lists of specific skills covered in the chapter•Ask the Expert—Q&A sections filled with bonus information and helpful tips•Try This—Hands-on exercises that show you how to apply your skills•Self Tests—End-of-chapter quizzes to reinforce your skills•Annotated Syntax—Example code with commentary that describes the programming techniques being illustrated Cover Title Page Copyright Page Contents at a Glance Contents Introduction 1 Java Fundamentals The History and Philosophy of Java The Origins of Java Java’s Lineage: C and C++ How Java Impacted the Internet Java’s Magic: The Bytecode Moving Beyond Applets A Faster Release Schedule The Java Buzzwords Object-Oriented Programming Encapsulation Polymorphism Inheritance The Java Development Kit A First Simple Program Entering the Program Compiling the Program The First Sample Program Line by Line Handling Syntax Errors A Second Simple Program Another Data Type Try This 1-1: Converting Gallons to Liters Two Control Statements The if Statement The for Loop Create Blocks of Code Semicolons and Positioning Indentation Practices Try This 1-2: Improving the Gallons-to-Liters Converter The Java Keywords Identifiers in Java The Java Class Libraries Chapter 1 Self Test 2 Introducing Data Types and Operators Why Data Types Are Important Java’s Primitive Types Integers Floating-Point Types Characters The Boolean Type Try This 2-1: How Far Away Is the Lightning? Literals Hexadecimal, Octal, and Binary Literals Character Escape Sequences String Literals A Closer Look at Variables Initializing a Variable Dynamic Initialization The Scope and Lifetime of Variables Operators Arithmetic Operators Increment and Decrement Relational and Logical Operators Short-Circuit Logical Operators The Assignment Operator Shorthand Assignments Type Conversion in Assignments Casting Incompatible Types Operator Precedence Try This 2-2: Display a Truth Table for the Logical Operators Expressions Type Conversion in Expressions Spacing and Parentheses Chapter 2 Self Test 3 Program Control Statements Input Characters from the Keyboard The if Statement Nested ifs The if-else-if Ladder The switch Statement Nested switch Statements Try This 3-1: Start Building a Java Help System The for Loop Some Variations on the for Loop Missing Pieces The Infinite Loop Loops with No Body Declaring Loop Control Variables Inside the for Loop The Enhanced for Loop The while Loop The do-while Loop Try This 3-2: Improve the Java Help System Use break to Exit a Loop Use break as a Form of goto Use continue Try This 3-3: Finish the Java Help System Nested Loops Chapter 3 Self Test 4 Introducing Classes, Objects, and Methods Class Fundamentals The General Form of a Class Defining a Class How Objects Are Created Reference Variables and Assignment Methods Adding a Method to the Vehicle Class Returning from a Method Returning a Value Using Parameters Adding a Parameterized Method to Vehicle Try This 4-1: Creating a Help Class Constructors Parameterized Constructors Adding a Constructor to the Vehicle Class The new Operator Revisited Garbage Collection The this Keyword Chapter 4 Self Test 5 More Data Types and Operators Arrays One-Dimensional Arrays Try This 5-1: Sorting an Array Multidimensional Arrays Two-Dimensional Arrays Irregular Arrays Arrays of Three or More Dimensions Initializing Multidimensional Arrays Alternative Array Declaration Syntax Assigning Array References Using the length Member Try This 5-2: A Queue Class The For-Each Style for Loop Iterating Over Multidimensional Arrays Applying the Enhanced for Strings Constructing Strings Operating on Strings Arrays of Strings Strings Are Immutable Using a String to Control a switch Statement Using Command-Line Arguments Using Type Inference with Local Variables Local Variable Type Inference with Reference Types Using Local Variable Type Inference in a for Loop Some var Restrictions The Bitwise Operators The Bitwise AND, OR, XOR, and NOT Operators The Shift Operators Bitwise Shorthand Assignments Try This 5-3: A ShowBits Class The ? Operator Chapter 5 Self Test 6 A Closer Look at Methods and Classes Controlling Access to Class Members Java’s Access Modifiers Try This 6-1: Improving the Queue Class Pass Objects to Methods How Arguments Are Passed Returning Objects Method Overloading Overloading Constructors Try This 6-2: Overloading the Queue Constructor Recursion Understanding static Static Blocks Try This 6-3: The Quicksort Introducing Nested and Inner Classes Varargs: Variable-Length Arguments Varargs Basics Overloading Varargs Methods Varargs and Ambiguity Chapter 6 Self Test 7 Inheritance Inheritance Basics Member Access and Inheritance Constructors and Inheritance Using super to Call Superclass Constructors Using super to Access Superclass Members Try This 7-1: Extending the Vehicle Class Creating a Multilevel Hierarchy When Are Constructors Executed? Superclass References and Subclass Objects Method Overriding Overridden Methods Support Polymorphism Why Overridden Methods? Applying Method Overriding to TwoDShape Using Abstract Classes Using final final Prevents Overriding final Prevents Inheritance Using final with Data Members The Object Class Chapter 7 Self Test 8 Packages and Interfaces Packages Defining a Package Finding Packages and CLASSPATH A Short Package Example Packages and Member Access A Package Access Example Understanding Protected Members Importing Packages Java’s Class Library Is Contained in Packages Interfaces Implementing Interfaces Using Interface References Try This 8-1: Creating a Queue Interface Variables in Interfaces Interfaces Can Be Extended Default Interface Methods Default Method Fundamentals A More Practical Example of a Default Method Multiple Inheritance Issues Use static Methods in an Interface Private Interface Methods Final Thoughts on Packages and Interfaces Chapter 8 Self Test 9 Exception Handling The Exception Hierarchy Exception Handling Fundamentals Using try and catch A Simple Exception Example The Consequences of an Uncaught Exception Exceptions Enable You to Handle Errors Gracefully Using Multiple catch Statements Catching Subclass Exceptions Try Blocks Can Be Nested Throwing an Exception Rethrowing an Exception A Closer Look at Throwable Using finally Using throws Three Additional Exception Features Java’s Built-in Exceptions Creating Exception Subclasses Try This 9-1: Adding Exceptions to the Queue Class Chapter 9 Self Test 10 Using I/O Java’s I/O Is Built upon Streams Byte Streams and Character Streams The Byte Stream Classes The Character Stream Classes The Predefined Streams Using the Byte Streams Reading Console Input Writing Console Output Reading and Writing Files Using Byte Streams Inputting from a File Writing to a File Automatically Closing a File Reading and Writing Binary Data Try This 10-1: A File Comparison Utility Random-Access Files Using Java’s Character-Based Streams Console Input Using Character Streams Console Output Using Character Streams File I/O Using Character Streams Using a FileWriter Using a FileReader Using Java’s Type Wrappers to Convert Numeric Strings Try This 10-2: Creating a Disk-Based Help System Chapter 10 Self Test 11 Multithreaded Programming Multithreading Fundamentals The Thread Class and Runnable Interface Creating a Thread One Improvement and Two Simple Variations Try This 11-1: Extending Thread Creating Multiple Threads Determining When a Thread Ends Thread Priorities Synchronization Using Synchronized Methods The synchronized Statement Thread Communication Using notify( ), wait( ), and notifyAll( ) An Example That Uses wait( ) and notify( ) Suspending, Resuming, and Stopping Threads Try This 11-2: Using the Main Thread Chapter 11 Self Test 12 Enumerations, Autoboxing, Static Import, and Annotations Enumerations Enumeration Fundamentals Java Enumerations Are Class Types The values( ) and valueOf( ) Methods Constructors, Methods, Instance Variables, and Enumerations Two Important Restrictions Enumerations Inherit Enum Try This 12-1: A Computer-Controlled Traffic Light Autoboxing Type Wrappers Autoboxing Fundamentals Autoboxing and Methods Autoboxing/Unboxing Occurs in Expressions A Word of Warning Static Import Annotations (Metadata) Chapter 12 Self Test 13 Generics Generics Fundamentals A Simple Generics Example Generics Work Only with Reference Types Generic Types Differ Based on Their Type Arguments A Generic Class with Two Type Parameters The General Form of a Generic Class Bounded Types Using Wildcard Arguments Bounded Wildcards Generic Methods Generic Constructors Generic Interfaces Try This 13-1: Create a Generic Queue Raw Types and Legacy Code Type Inference with the Diamond Operator Local Variable Type Inference and Generics Erasure Ambiguity Errors Some Generic Restrictions Type Parameters Can’t Be Instantiated Restrictions on Static Members Generic Array Restrictions Generic Exception Restriction Continuing Your Study of Generics Chapter 13 Self Test 14 Lambda Expressions and Method References Introducing Lambda Expressions Lambda Expression Fundamentals Functional Interfaces Lambda Expressions in Action Block Lambda Expressions Generic Functional Interfaces Try This 14-1: Pass a Lambda Expression as an Argument Lambda Expressions and Variable Capture Throw an Exception from Within a Lambda Expression Method References Method References to static Methods Method References to Instance Methods Constructor References Predefined Functional Interfaces Chapter 14 Self Test 15 Modules Module Basics A Simple Module Example Compile and Run the First Module Example A Closer Look at requires and exports java.base and the Platform Modules Legacy Code and the Unnamed Module Exporting to a Specific Module Using requires transitive Try This 15-1: Experiment with requires transitive Use Services Service and Service Provider Basics The Service-Based Keywords A Module-Based Service Example Additional Module Features Open Modules The opens Statement requires static Continuing Your Study of Modules Chapter 15 Self Test 16 Introducing Swing The Origins and Design Philosophy of Swing Components and Containers Components Containers The Top-Level Container Panes Layout Managers A First Simple Swing Program The First Swing Example Line by Line Swing Event Handling Events Event Sources Event Listeners Event Classes and Listener Interfaces Use JButton Work with JTextField Create a JCheckBox Work with JList Try This 16-1: A Swing-Based File Comparison Utility Use Anonymous Inner Classes or Lambda Expressions to Handle Events Chapter 16 Self Test A Answers to Self Tests Chapter 1: Java Fundamentals Chapter 2: Introducing Data Types and Operators Chapter 3: Program Control Statements Chapter 4: Introducing Classes, Objects, and Methods Chapter 5: More Data Types and Operators Chapter 6: A Closer Look at Methods and Classes Chapter 7: Inheritance Chapter 8: Packages and Interfaces Chapter 9: Exception Handling Chapter 10: Using I/O Chapter 11: Multithreaded Programming Chapter 12: Enumerations, Autoboxing, Static Import, and Annotations Chapter 13: Generics Chapter 14: Lambda Expressions and Method References Chapter 15: Modules Chapter 16: Introducing Swing B Using Java’s Documentation Comments The javadoc Tags @author {@code} @deprecated {@docRoot} @exception @hidden {@index} {@inheritDoc} {@link} {@linkplain} {@literal} @param @provides @return @see @since {@summary} @throws @uses {@value} @version The General Form of a Documentation Comment What javadoc Outputs An Example That Uses Documentation Comments C Compile and Run Simple Single-File Programs in One Step D Introducing JShell JShell Basics List, Edit, and Rerun Code Add a Method Create a Class Use an Interface Evaluate Expressions and Use Built-in Variables Importing Packages Exceptions Some More JShell Commands Exploring JShell Further E More Java Keywords The transient and volatile Modifiers instanceof strictfp assert Native Methods Another Form of this Index A practical introduction to Java programming—fully revised for long-term support release Java SE 11 Thoroughly updated for Java Platform Standard Edition 11, this hands-on resource shows, step by step, how to get started programming in Java from the very first chapter. Written by Java guru Herbert Schildt, the book starts with the basics, such as how to create, compile, and run a Java program. From there, you will learn essential Java keywords, syntax, and commands. Java: A Beginner's Guide, Eighth Edition covers the basics and touches on advanced features, including multithreaded programming, generics, Lambda expressions, and Swing. Enumeration, modules, and interface methods are also clearly explained. This Oracle Press guide delivers the appropriate mix of theory and practical coding necessary to get you up and running developing Java applications in no time. •Clearly explains all of the new Java SE 11 features•Features self-tests, exercises, and downloadable code samples•Written by bestselling author and leading Java authority Herbert Schildt A practical introduction to Java programming—fully revised for long-term support release Java SE 11 Thoroughly updated for Java Platform Standard Edition 11, this hands-on resource shows, step by step, how to get started programming in Java from the very first chapter. Written by Java guru Herbert Schildt, the book starts with the basics, such as how to create, compile, and run a Java program. From there, you will learn essential Java keywords, syntax, and commands. Java: A Beginner's Guide, Eighth Edition covers the basics and touches on advanced features, including multithreaded programming, generics, Lambda expressions, and Swing. Enumeration, modules, and interface methods are also clearly explained. This Oracle Press guide delivers the appropriate mix of theory and practical coding necessary to get you up and running developing Java applications in no time. Clearly explains all of the new Java SE 11 features Features self-tests, exercises, and downloadable code samples Written by bestselling author and leading Java authority Herbert Schildt "Fully updated for Java Platform, Standard Edition 11 (Java SE 11), Java: A Beginner's Guide, Eighth Edition gets you started programming in Java right away. Best-selling programming author Herb Schildt begins with the basics, such as how to create, compile, and run a Java program. He then moves on to the keywords, syntax, and constructs that form the core of the Java language. The book also covers some of Java's more advanced features, including multithreaded programming, generics, lambda expressions, modules, and Swing. As an added bonus, an introduction to JShell, Java's interactive programming tool, is included. Best of all, it's written in the clear, crisp, uncompromising style that has made Schildt the choice of millions worldwide"-- Provided by publisher