Methods in Animal Behaviour

Marc Naguib erklärt die grundlegenden Methoden der qualitativen und quantitativen Erfassung von Verhalten. Dabei werden deskriptive und experimentelle Ansätze von Versuchsplänen berücksichtigt. Anhand von Beispielen aus der aktuellen Forschung wird die Breite der modernen verhaltensbiologischen Forschung anschaulich dargestellt. Foreword Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 What Animal Behaviour is and Why it is Important 1.2 Levels of Behavioural Analysis 1.3 Anthropomorphism References 2 General Principles 2.1 Preliminary Considerations, Scientific Methodology, and Transparency 2.2 Research Questions, Hypotheses and Predictions 2.3 Selection of the Study Species 2.3.1 Domesticated Animals 2.4 Laboratory Tests and Field Work 2.5 Scheduling a Research Project 2.6 Marking of Animals for Individual Identification 2.6.1 Marking Methods 2.6.2 Naming of Animals 2.7 Animal Husbandry 2.8 Ethical Aspects of Working with Animals 2.8.1 Animal Welfare References 3 Experimental Planning and Experimental Design 3.1 Descriptive and Experimental Research 3.1.1 Preliminary Observations and Pilot Studies 3.1.2 Descriptive Data Recording 3.2 Planning of Experiments: Experimental Groups and Data Structure 3.2.1 Controls 3.2.2 Data Recording Structure 3.2.3 Order Effects 3.3 Sampling 3.4 Individual Differences 3.5 Replication and Pseudoreplication 3.5.1 Replication 3.5.2 Pseudoreplication 3.6 Internal and External Validity 3.6.1 Precision and Reliability References 4 Quantification of Behavioural Processes 4.1 Selection and Definition of Behaviour 4.2 Categorizations of Behaviour 4.3 Defining Behavioural Bouts 4.4 Time Parameters of Behaviour 4.4.1 Latencies 4.4.2 Durations 4.4.3 Frequencies and Rates 4.5 Recording Rules 4.5.1 Continuous Data Recording 4.5.2 Interval Structured Recording (Time Sampling) 4.6 Sampling Rules 4.6.1 Ad Libitum Registration 4.6.2 Scan Sampling and Behaviour Sampling 4.6.3 Focal Animal Sampling References 5 Research Biases 5.1 Sampling Biases 5.2 Observer Biases 5.2.1 Experimenter Bias 5.2.2 Expectation Bias 5.2.3 Clever Hans Effect References 6 Tools for Measuring Behaviour 6.1 Video Recording, Video Playback and Photos 6.2 Recording, Analysis and Playback of Acoustic Data (Bioacoustics) 6.3 Animal Movement Tracking Box 6.1: Automated and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Methods to Register Animal Behaviour References 7 Data Analysis and Presentation 7.1 Statistical Data Analysis 7.1.1 Descriptive Statistics 7.1.2 Inferential Statistics 7.2 Presentation of Scientific Results 7.2.1 Oral presentations 7.2.2 Making Scientific Posters 7.2.3 Writing Scientific Texts 7.3 Literature Search References Index Are you interested in animals and do you want to scientifically study their behaviour through observations or experiments? With this book, you will gain the necessary knowledge to conduct scientific research objectively, design experiments rigorously, and start analysing behavioural data effectively. Most importantly, you will learn to measure animal behaviour using different sampling techniques. In addition, you will read about the most used and latest technical devices that are advancing the study of animal behaviour. Thus, read this book if you want to learn how to design, conduct, analyse and write up your animal behaviour research or if you wish to refresh your knowledge and look up specific behavioural methods.