MicroPython : Embedded Programming Made Easy

MicroPython is a lightweight implementation of the Python 3 programming language that has been optimized for microcontrollers and other embedded systems. It provides a powerful and intuitive platform for developing a wide range of Internet of Things (IoT) applications, from simple data collection and processing tasks to complex automation and control systems. In this book, you'll learn the basics of programming with MicroPython and explore its many features and capabilities. You'll discover how to connect and control various hardware devices and sensors using the built-in I/O pins, and how to communicate with other devices over various protocols such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and LoRa. The book covers the most essential topics in MicroPython, including variables and data types, conditionals and loops, functions, modules, memory management, and file system operations. You'll also learn about more advanced topics such as interrupt handling, sleep modes, and PWM control. Throughout the book, you'll work on practical examples and projects that will help you build a solid understanding of MicroPython and its applications. By the end of the book, you'll have the skills and knowledge to create your own IoT projects and applications using MicroPython. Whether you're a seasoned developer or a beginner, this book will provide you with a comprehensive guide to using MicroPython for embedded programming. With its clear explanations and practical examples, it's the ideal resource for anyone looking to get started with this powerful language. Cover Page Title Page Copyright Page Introduction Use MicroPython Access the MicroPython environment Enter MicroPython code Direct entry Exit MicroPython Display tools Recover an XBee device MicroPython syntax Colons After conditional statements and loop statements Indentations FOR loop with one statement indented FOR loop with two statements indented Functions Function with arguments Errors and exceptions Name error Referencing a name that was not created Referencing a name from one function that was created in a different function OSError Socket errors ENOTCONN: Time out error ENFILE: No sockets are available ENXIO: No such device or address Keyboard shortcuts Select a previously typed statement Differences between MicroPython and other programming languages Memory management Variable types Curly braces and indentation Semicolons Increment operator Logical operators Develop applications on an XBee device Space allocated to MicroPython Code storage Built-in modules embedded in XBee firmware (device flash) Parsed and compiled code in .mpy files (file system) Executable code on MicroPython heap (device RAM) Compiled modules relocated from file system to device flash How to organize your code Monitor memory usage The gc module The micropython module Efficient coding One-liners in the REPL Flash upload mode Modules stored as .py files Compiled modules stored as .mpy files Compiled modules via Flash upload mode Compiled modules embedded in device flash Digi modified slicing for bytes and strings operations Power management Prevent sleep from MicroPython Initiate sleep from MicroPython Sleeping with AT commands Idle a device from MicroPython Enter and exit the idle state Poll for data while the device is idle Access the primary UART How to use the primary UART sys.stdin limitations Example: read bytes from the UART in MicroPython Example: read the first 15 bytes from the UART in MicroPython REPL (Read-Evaluate-Print Loop) examples Print the banner Print the banner and verify that the memory was not wiped Paste one line of code Load code to flash memory Erase the code stored in flash memory Flash memory and automatic code execution Run stored code at start-up to flash LEDs Disable code from running at start up Perform a soft-reset or reboot Access file system Modify file system contents uos.chdir(dir) uos.getcwd() uos.ilistdir([dir]) uos.listdir([dir]) uos.mkdir(dir) uos.remove(file) uos.rmdir(dir) uos.rename(old_path, new_path) uos.replace(old_path, new_path) uos.sync() uos.compile(source_file, mpy_file=None) uos.format() uos.hash([secure_file]) Access data in files File object methods read(size=-1) readinto(b) readline(size=-1) readlines() write(b) seek(offset, whence=0) tell() flush() close() Import modules from file system Reload a module Compiled MicroPython files Send and receive User Data Relay frames Interfaces (always defined) Limits relay.callback(my_callback) Machine module Reset-cause Constants Random numbers Unique identifier Class PWM (pulse width modulation) Constructors Standard bus operations methods Memory operations methods Class Pin Class UART Test the UART interface Use the UART class Class WDT: watchdog timer Access the XBee device's I/O pins Use the Pin() constructor Use mode() to configure a pin Pin.DISABLED Pin.IN Pin.OUT Pin.ALT Pin.ANALOG