Militarization: A Reader (Global Insecurities)

Militarization: A Reader offers a range of critical perspectives on the dynamics of militarization as a social, economic, political, cultural, and environmental phenomenon. It portrays militarism as the condition in which military values and frameworks come to dominate state structures and public culture both in foreign relations and in the domestic sphere. Featuring short, readable essays by anthropologists, historians, political scientists, cultural theorists, and media commentators, the Reader probes militarism's ideologies, including those that valorize warriors, armed conflict, and weaponry. Outlining contemporary militarization processes at work around the world, the Reader offers a wide-ranging examination of a phenomenon that touches the lives of billions of people. In collaboration with Catherine Besteman, Andrew Bickford, Catherine Lutz, Katherine T. McCaffrey, Austin Miller, David H. Price, David Vine Introduction / Roberto J. González and Hugh Gusterson Militarization and the political economy Introduction / Catherine Lutz The U.S. Imperial triangle and military spending / John Bellamy Foster, Hannah Holleman, and Robert W. McChesney Farewell address to the Nation, January 17 / Dwight D. Eisenhower The militarization of sports and the redefinition of patriotism / William Astore Violence, just in time: war and work in contemporary West Africa / Daniel Hoffman Women, economy, war / Carolyn Nordstrom Military labor Introduction / Andrew Bickford Soldiering as work: the all-volunteer force in the United States / Beth Bailey Sexing the globe / Sealing Cheng Military monks / Michael Jerryson Child soldiers after war / Brandon Kohrt and Robert Koenig Asian labor in the wartime Japanese empire: unknown histories / Paul H. Kratoska Corporate warriors: the rise of the privatized military industry / P. W. Singer Gender and militarism Introduction / Katherine T. McCaffrey Gender in transition: common sense, women, and war / Kimberly Theidon The compassionate warrior: wartime sacrifice / Jean Bethke Elshtain Creating citizens, making men: the military and masculinity in Bolivia / Lesley Gill One of the guys: military women, paradoxical individuality, and the transformations of the Argentine army / Máximo Badaró The emotional life of militarism Militarization and the madness of everyday life / Nancy Scheper-Hughes Fear as a way of life / Linda Green Evil, the self, and survival / Robert Jay Lifton (interviewed by Harry Kreisler) Target audience: the emotional impact of U.S. government films on nuclear testing / Joseph Masco Rhetorics of militarism The militarization of cherry blossoms / Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney The 'old west' in the Middle East: U.S. military metaphors in real and imagined Indian country / Stephen W. Silliman Ideology, culture and the Cold War / Naoko Shibusawa The military normal: feeling at home with counterinsurgency in the United States / Catherine Lutz Nuclear Orientalism / Hugh Gusterson Militarization, place, and territory Introduction / Roberto J. González Making war at home / Catherine Lutz Spillover: the U.S. military's sociospatial impact / Mark L. Gillem Nuclear landscapes: the Marshall islands' radioactive legacy / Barbara Rose Johnston The war on terror, dismantling, and the construction of place: an ethnographic perspective from Palestine / Julie Peteet The border wall is a metaphor / Jason De León (interviewed by Micheline Aharonian Marcom) Militarized humanitarianism Introduction / Catherine Besteman Laboratory of intervention / Mariella Pandolfi Armed for humanity / Michael Barnett The passions of protection: sovereign authority and humanitarian war / Anne Orford Responsibility to protect or right to punish? / Mahmood Mamdani Utopias of power: from human security to the responsibility to protect / Chowra Makaremi Militarism and the media Introduction / Hugh Gusterson Pentagon pundits / David Barstow (interviewed by Amy Goodman) Operation Hollywood / David Robb (interviewed by Jeff Fleischer) Discipline and publish / Mark Pedelty The Enola Gay on display / John Whittier Treat War porn: Hollywood and war, from World War II to American sniper / Peter Van Buren Militarizing knowledge Introduction / David H. Price Boundary displacement: the state, the foundations, and international and area studies during and after the Cold War / Bruce Cumings The career of Cold War psychology / Ellen Herman Scientific colonialism / Johan Galtung Research in foreign areas / Ralph L. Beals Rethinking the promise of critical education / Henry Giroux (interviewed by Chronis Polychroniou) Militarization and the body Nuclear war, the Gulf war, and the disappearing body / Hugh Gusterson The structure of war: the juxtaposition of injured bodies and unanchored issues / Elaine Scarry The enhanced warfighter / Kenneth Ford and Clark Glymour Suffering child: an embodiment of war and its aftermath in post-Sandinista Nicaragua / James Quesada Militarism and technology Giving up the gun: Japan's reversion to the sword, 1543-1879 / Noel Perrin Life underground: building the American Bunker Society / Joseph Masco Militarizing space / David H. Price Embodiment and affect in a digital age: understanding mental illness among military drone personnel / Alex Edney-Browne Land mines and cluster bombs: 'weapons of mass destruction in slow motion' / H. Patricia Hynes Pledge of non-participation / Lisbeth Gronlund and David Wright The scientists' call for a ban on autonomous weapons / International Committee for Robot Arms Control Alternatives to militarization Introduction / David Vine War is only an invention, not a biological necessity / Margaret Mead Reflections on the possibility of a nonkilling society and a nonkilling anthropology / Leslie E. Sponsel U.S. bases, empire, and global response / Catherine Lutz Down here / Julian Aguon War, culture, and counterinsurgency / Roberto J. González, Hugh Gusterson, and David H. Price Hope in the dark: untold histories, wild possibilities / Rebecca Solnit. Cover......Page 1 Contents......Page 6 Editors’ Note......Page 14 Acknowledgments......Page 16 Introduction......Page 18 Introduction......Page 44 1.1. The U.S. Imperial Triangle and Military Spending......Page 46 1.2. Farewell Address to the Nation, January 17, 1961......Page 53 1.3. The Militarization of Sports and the Redefinition of Patriotism......Page 55 1.4. Violence, Just in Time: War and Work in Contemporary West Africa......Page 59 1.5. Women, Economy, War......Page 68 Introduction......Page 74 2.1. Soldiering as Work: The All-Volunteer Force in the United States......Page 76 2.2. Sexing the Globe......Page 79 2.3. Military Monks......Page 84 2.4. Child Soldiers after War......Page 88 2.5. Asian Labor in the Wartime Japanese Empire......Page 90 2.6. Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry......Page 93 Introduction......Page 100 3.1. Gender in Transition: Common Sense, Women, and War......Page 102 3.2. The Compassionate Warrior: Wartime Sacrifice......Page 108 3.3. Creating Citizens, Making Men: The Military and Masculinity in Bolivia......Page 112 3.4. One of the Guys: Military Women and the Argentine Army......Page 118 Introduction......Page 126 4.1. Militarization and the Madness of Everyday Life......Page 128 4.2. Fear as a Way of Life......Page 135 4.3. Evil, the Self, and Survival......Page 144 4.4. Target Audience: The Emotional Impact of U.S. Government Films on Nuclear Testing......Page 147 Introduction......Page 158 5.1. The Militarization of Cherry Blossoms......Page 160 5.2. The “Old West” in the Middle East: U.S. Military Metaphors in Real and Imagined Indian Country......Page 165 5.3. Ideology, Culture, and the Cold War......Page 171 5.4. The Military Normal: Feeling at Home with Counterinsurgency in the United States......Page 174 5.5. Nuclear Orientalism......Page 180 Introduction......Page 184 6.1. Making War at Home......Page 186 6.2. Spillover: The U.S. Military’s Sociospatial Impact......Page 192 6.3. Nuclear Landscapes: The Marshall Islands and Its Radioactive Legacy......Page 198 6.4. The War on Terror, Dismantling, and the Construction of Place: An Ethnographic Perspective from Palestine......Page 203 6.5. The Border Wall Is a Metaphor......Page 209 Introduction......Page 214 7.1. Laboratory of Intervention: The Humanitarian Governance of the Postcommunist Balkan Territories......Page 216 7.2. Armed for Humanity......Page 220 7.3. The Passions of Protection: Sovereign Authority and Humanitarian War......Page 225 7.4. Responsibility to Protect or Right to Punish?......Page 229 7.5. Utopias of Power: From Human Security to the Responsibility to Protect......Page 235 Introduction......Page 240 8.1. Pentagon Pundits......Page 241 8.2. Operation Hollywood......Page 247 8.3. Discipline and Publish......Page 251 8.4. The Enola Gay on Display......Page 256 8.5. War Porn: Hollywood and War, from World War II to American Sniper......Page 260 Introduction......Page 266 9.1. Boundary Displacement: The State, the Foundations, and International and Area Studies during and after the Cold War......Page 268 9.2. The Career of Cold War Psychology......Page 271 9.3. Scientific Colonialism......Page 276 9.4. Research in Foreign Areas......Page 282 9.5. Rethinking the Promise of Critical Education......Page 287 Introduction......Page 292 10.1. Nuclear War, the Gulf War, and the Disappearing Body......Page 293 10.2. The Structure of War: The Juxtaposition of Injured Bodies and Unanchored Issues......Page 300 10.3. The Enhanced Warfighter......Page 308 10.4. Suffering Child: An Embodiment of War and Its Aftermath in Post-Sandinista Nicaragua......Page 313 Introduction......Page 320 11.1. Giving Up the Gun: Japan’s Reversion to the Sword, 1543–1879......Page 322 11.2. Life Underground: Building the American Bunker Society......Page 324 11.3. Militarizing Space......Page 333 11.4. Embodiment and Affect in a Digital Age: Understanding Mental Illness among Military Drone Personnel......Page 336 11.5. Land Mines and Cluster Bombs: “Weapons of Mass Destruction in Slow Motion"......Page 341 11.6. Pledge of Non-Participation......Page 345 11.7. The Scientists’ Call to Ban Autonomous Lethal Robots......Page 346 Introduction......Page 350 12.1. War Is Only an Invention—Not a Biological Necessity......Page 353 12.2. Reflections on the Possibility of a Nonkilling Society and a Nonkilling Anthropology......Page 356 12.3. U.S. Bases, Empire, and Global Response......Page 361 12.4. Down Here......Page 364 12.5. War, Culture, and Counterinsurgency......Page 366 12.6. Hope in the Dark: Untold Histories, Wild Possibilities......Page 367 References......Page 372 Contributors......Page 400 A......Page 406 C......Page 407 E......Page 409 G......Page 410 I......Page 411 K......Page 412 M......Page 413 N......Page 414 P......Page 415 S......Page 416 T......Page 417 V......Page 418 Z......Page 419 Credits......Page 420 "Militarization: A Reader offers a range of critical perspectives on the dynamics of militarization as a social, economic, political, cultural, and environmental phenomenon. It portrays militarism as the condition in which military values and frameworks come to dominate state structures and public culture, both in foreign relations and the domestic sphere. Featuring short, readable essays by anthropologists, historians, political scientists, cultural theorists, and media commentators, the reader probes militarism's ideologies, including those that valorize warriors, armed conflict, and weaponry. Outlining contemporary militarization processes at work around the world, the Reader offers a wide-ranging examination of a phenomenon that touches the lives of billions of people." -- Provided by publisher. "Militarization: A Reader offers a range of critical perspectives on the dynamics of militarization as a social, economic, political, cultural, and environmental phenomenon. It portrays militarism as the condition in which military values and frameworks come to dominate state structures and public culture both in foreign relations and in the domestic sphere. Featuring short, readable essays by anthropologists, historians, political scientists, cultural theorists, and media commentators, the Reader probes militarism's ideologies, including those that valorize warriors, armed conflict, and weaponry. Outlining contemporary militarization processes at work around the world, the Reader offers a wide-ranging examination of a phenomenon that touches the lives of billions of people."-- Site de l'éditeur