Modern Rhetoric

Preface Contents PART 1 MAKING A BEGINNING 1 Language, Thinking, Feeling, and Rhetoric Language and Thought Language and Feeling The Immediate Practical Demand: And Beyond 2 The Problem of Making a Beginning Finding a Subject The Discourse: Main Divisions 3 Organizing the Composition Unity Coherence Emphasis PART 2 THE FORMS OF DISCOURSE 4 The Main Intention Form and Function The Main Intention The Four Kinds of Discourse 5 The Methods of Exposition Interest The First Method: Identification The Second Method: Comparison and Contrast The Third Method: Illustration The Fourth Method: Classification The Fifth Method: Definition The Sixth Method: Analysis 6 Argument Argument and Doubt Argument and the Common Ground What Argument Cannot Profitably Be About The Proposition Evidence Reasoning 7 Persuasion Persuasion and Power Differences Between Argument and Persuasion Identification Persuasion and the Emotions Reasoning for Truth and Reasoning for Assent Persuasion and Ethics 8 Description Description: Scientist and Artist Suggestive Description and the Senses Description and the Other Kinds of Discourse The Dominant Impression Texture and Pattern in Description Selections 9 Narration Intention Action and Sequence How Interest Determines Action Point of View PART 3 SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF DISCOURSE 10 The Paragraph and the Sentence The Paragraph as a Convenience to the Reader The Structure of the Paragraph Methods of Paragraph Organization Unity and Coherence in the Paragraph Emphasis in the Paragraph Linking Paragraph with Paragraph Rhetoric and Grammar of the Sentence 11 Diction Two Distinctions: General and Specific; Abstract and Concrete Language Growth by Extension of Meaning The Company a Word Keeps: Informal (Colloquial) and'Formal How Associations Control Meanings Worn-out Words and Cliches 12 Metaphor The Importance of Metaphor in Everyday Language The Function of Metaphor What Makes a "Good" Metaphor? 13 Tone and Other Aspects of Style Tone as the Expression of Attitude Tone as a Qualification of Meaning Rhythm and Clarity of Meaning Style PART 4 THE RESEARCH PAPER 14 Preparation and Note-Taking Sources Bibliography Notes The Outline The Form of Footnotes and Bibliography 15 The Final Version: Writing and Rewriting Writing a Term Paper Writing a Literary Paper The Book Report, Summary; and Precis The Book Report The Summary The Precis Index