Moral Realism : A Defence

## Abstract This is a book in metaethics that defends a brand of moral realism known as non‐naturalism. The book has five Parts. Part I outlines the sort of moral realism that the author wishes to defend, and then offers critiques of expressivism and constructivism. Part II is devoted to issues in metaphysics. It argues that moral realists have adequate replies to worries based on supervenience and the alleged causal inefficacy of moral facts. Part III is devoted to issues of moral motivation. It argues that motivational internalism is false, and that a Humean theory of action is also mistaken. Part IV is devoted to an extended discussion of moral reasons. It argues that externalism about reasons is true, that moral rationalism is true, and that moral realism has an adequate account of moral disagreement. Part V is devoted to moral epistemology. It argues for the self‐evidence of pro tanto moral principles, and for a version of reliabilism about ethical knowledge. 00000___d9fbc9dacff9bfe18d08e1f97f8ace13......Page 1 00001___56e7907d873e2b8dd1daa11030b1c340......Page 2 00002___90f61c180b0527d3cdbf4b8341be37fc......Page 3 00003___ca839f52d9c1ca0a5202625639dc75b2......Page 4 00004___c59af999378a8eec3255a1e1775bee81......Page 5 00005___860ebaabfc8f6b4b20703f47eb86b9e8......Page 6 00006___346d9e43bff60b90850c01b9363e0226......Page 7 00007___d6230e72cd9ef54860e4aa33d78e8319......Page 8 00008___e3bdb585e92140968b2f8ce72b25fe44......Page 9 00009___85470a961e0ebe2c5aace68c6abaa458......Page 10 00010___79e460c18984e97340c70da0646cb248......Page 11 00011___f1745fbb4678fca8a919e92363b841e3......Page 12 00012___0176c6040790d9f17afd08e3e188257d......Page 13 00013___21e1d5ea094f738b50a3b56558a4cc89......Page 14 00014___e2ffd74e697766bec08c2865d419cce7......Page 15 00015___70ca5b92f6253568b85c28a907fa2ca0......Page 16 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00304___2a7d6de307b7cb372210adbcb5eff54b......Page 305 00305___1285f7e3404fe1495e898d05ab76b1c6......Page 306 00306___f2def8c74117c579429fe342a12e498f......Page 307 00307___bf17ab35e3b3d4fdfb63c29a43b79f51......Page 308 00308___eb49e4d8c88706a777779bb33a73fee8......Page 309 00309___446a11c3b198d8560bd9e617a723024e......Page 310 00310___4f19cfa7400c50d61aa1a9143cf19cc6......Page 311 00311___cb20c66bcd6367315a95a86f9694b34d......Page 312 00312___15878aa4a0df33ed58fb92918775cf89......Page 313 00313___74a3eae481d810abc5c9a25ec2e039a9......Page 314 00314___57d030c38f2350a7179ee4dab61979b3......Page 315 00315___e37f97a303a99c2b434f2b524addc173......Page 316 00316___4ec3ad57a9c3902ae054ac8f8102a659......Page 317 00317___48ba3d1bcc2605a86fafb9496aa5c9a8......Page 318 00318___830447938c0a948e8f11bd144f9a78a0......Page 319 00319___83d57d87b2acee789f027c73c6fca2a4......Page 320 00320___4bcf147483eccac33a2047d065bcdf94......Page 321 00321___9cf72dfe677f2c1f1d0f33c447029193......Page 322 00322___94af814b9fa116fb0d258531b334f154......Page 323 00323___8426a8c693c9ef7b6dde84563cc7101e......Page 324 00324___fd7dc0c3eb286de3e2b2321f525a4967......Page 325 00325___cb2683f11cbd8bf5e90804761a054557......Page 326 00326___b4e489c0ff900a8f986d22178ae415ce......Page 327 00327___bec24de4542c169c7ff896ad0b96bc3e......Page 328 00328___15f425c9fd4ad2e1789dd570a4daa7d8......Page 329 00329___b667416f7040e523a064c90550ddea98......Page 330 00330___55192550a4624b1c1750971f6225a1d9......Page 331 00331___ecccaa0b7370e222c0c06a394021da0b......Page 332 00332___eed5ea17732c7cccd48929ced2614abd......Page 333 "Moral Realism is a systematic defence of the idea that there are objective moral standards. In the tradition of Plato and G.E. Moore, Russ Shafer-Landau argues that there are moral principles that are true independently of what anyone, anywhere, happens to think of them. These principles are a fundamental aspect of reality, just as much as those that govern mathematics or the natural world. They may be true regardless of our ability to grasp them, and their truth is not a matter of their being ratified from any ideal standpoint, nor of being the object of actual or hypothetical consensus, nor of being an expression of our rational nature." "Shafer-Landau accepts Plato's and Moore's contention that moral truths are sui generis. He rejects the currently popular efforts to conceive of ethics as a kind of science, and insists that moral truths and properties occupy a distinctive area in our ontology. Unlike scientific truths, the fundamental moral principles are knowable a priori. And unlike mathematical truths, they are essentially normative: intrinsically action-guiding, and supplying a justification for all who follow their counsel." "Moral Realism is the first comprehensive treatise defending non-naturalistic moral realism in over a generation. It ranges over all the central issues in contemporary metaethics, and will be an important source of discussion for philosophers and their students interested in issues concerning the foundations of ethics."--Jacket. Moral Realism is a systematic defence of the idea that there are objective moral standards. In the tradition of Plato and G. E. Moore, Russ Shafer-Landau argues that there are moral principles that are true independently of what anyone, anywhere, happens to think of them. These principles are a fundamental aspect of reality, just as much as those that govern mathematics or the natural world. They may be true regardless of our ability to grasp them, and their truth is not a matter of their being ratified from any ideal standpoint, nor of being the object of actual or hypothetical consensus, nor of being an expression of our rational nature. Shafer-Landau accepts Plato's and Moore's contention that moral truths are sui generis. He rejects the currently popular efforts to conceive of ethics as a kind of science, and insists that moral truths and properties occupy a distinctive area in our ontology. Unlike scientific truths, the fundamental moral principles are knowable a priori. And unlike mathematical truths, they are essentially normative: intrinsically action-guiding, and supplying a justification for all who follow their counsel. Moral Realism is the first comprehensive treatise defending non-naturalistic moral realism in over a generation. It ranges over all of the central issues in contemporary metaethics, and will be an important source of discussion for philosophers and their students interested in issues concerning the foundations of ethics. Moral Realism is a systematic defence of the idea that there are objective moral standards. In the tradition of Plato and G. E. Moore, Russ Shafter-Landau argues that there are moral principles that are true independently of what anyone, anywhere, happens to think of them. These principles are a fundamental aspect of reality, just as much as those that govern mathematics or the natural world. They may be true regardless of our ability to grasp them, and their truth is not a matter of their being ratified from any ideal standpoint, nor of being the object of actual or hypothetical consensus, nor of being an expression of our rational nature.Shafer-Landau accepts Plato's and Moore's contention that moral truths are sui generis. He rejects the currently popular efforts to conceive of ethics as a kind of science, and insists that moral truths and properties occupy a distinctive area in our ontology. Unlike scientific truths, the fundamental moral principles are knowable a priori. And unlike mathematical truths, they are essentially normative: intrinsically action-guiding, and supplying a justification for all who follow their counsel.Moral Realism is the first comprehensive treatise defending non-naturalistic moral realism in over a generation. It ranges over all the central issues in contemporary metaethics, and will be an important source of discussion for philosophers and their students interested in issues concerning the foundations of ethics.

Moral Realism is a systematic defence of the idea that there are objective moral standards. Russ Shafer-Landau argues that there are moral principles that are true independently of what anyone, anywhere, happens to think of them. His central thesis, as well as the many novel supporting arguments used to defend it, will spark much controversy among those concerned with the foundations of ethics.

"...a systematic defence of the idea that there are objective moral standards...[The author] argues that there are moral principles that are true independently of what anyone, anywhere, happends to think of them. These principles are a fundamental aspect of reality, just as much as those that govern mathematics or the natural world.."--back cover This text presents a systematic defence of the idea that there are objective moral standards. In the tradition of Plato and G.E. Moore, Russ Shafer-Landau argues that there are moral principles that are true independently of what anyone, anywhere, happens to think of them Oxford University 0199259755,-,Oxford,University,-,Moral,Realism,A,Defence,-,2003 0199259755 - Oxford University - Moral Realism A Defence - 2003