__Multiscale Modeling for Process Safety Applications__ is a new reference demonstrating the implementation of multiscale modeling techniques on process safety applications. It is a valuable resource for readers interested in theoretical simulations and/or computer simulations of hazardous scenarios. As multi-scale modeling is a computational technique for solving problems involving multiple scales, such as how a flammable vapor cloud might behave if ignited, this book provides information on the fundamental topics of toxic, fire, and air explosion modeling, as well as modeling jet and pool fires using computational fluid dynamics. The book goes on to cover nanomaterial toxicity, QPSR analysis on relation of chemical structure to flash point, molecular structure and burning velocity, first principle studies of reactive chemicals, water and air reactive chemicals, and dust explosions. Chemical and process safety professionals, as well as faculty and graduate researchers, will benefit from the detailed coverage provided in this book. * Provides the only comprehensive source addressing the use of multiscale modeling in the context of process safety * Bridges multiscale modeling with process safety, enabling the reader to understand mapping between problem detail and effective usage of resources * Presents an overall picture of addressing safety problems in all levels of modeling and the latest approaches to each in the field * Features worked out examples, case studies, and a question bank to aid understanding and involvement for the reader Front Cover -- Multiscale Modeling for Process Safety Applications -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 - INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCES -- 2 - PROCESS SAFETY -- 2.1 FIRE -- 2.1.1 THE FIRE TRIANGLE -- 2.1.2 IGNITION PHENOMENA -- 2.1.3 FLAMMABILITY LIMITS OF GASES AND VAPORS -- 2.1.4 TYPES OF FIRES -- 2.1.4.1 Diffusion fires -- Jet fires -- Natural fires -- Pool fires -- Fireballs -- 2.1.4.2 Premixed fires -- Flash fires -- 2.1.5 FIRE RISK ANALYSIS -- 2.2 EXPLOSION -- 2.2.1 DEFLAGRATION AND DETONATION -- 2.2.2 EXPLOSION ENERGY -- 2.2.2.1 Energy of chemical explosions -- 2.2.2.2 Energy of mechanical explosions -- Brode's equation (Brode, 1959) -- Isentropic expansion -- Isothermal expansion -- Thermodynamic availability -- 2.2.3 EXPLOSION TYPES -- 2.2.3.1 Vapor cloud explosion -- 2.2.3.2 Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion -- 2.2.3.3 Dust explosion -- Explosibility classification -- Minimum ignition temperature -- Minimum explosive concentration -- Minimum ignition energy -- Explosion pressure characteristics -- 2.2.4 EXPLOSION PREVENTION -- 2.2.4.1 Inerting -- Vacuum purging -- Pressure purging -- Combined pressure-vacuum purging -- Sweep-through purging -- 2.2.4.2 Controlling static electricity -- 2.2.4.3 Ventilation -- 2.3 TOXIC EFFECTS -- 2.3.1 HOW TOXIC SUBSTANCES ENTER THE ORGANISM -- 2.3.2 PARTICLE CLASSIFICATION -- 2.3.2.1 Dimensionality -- 2.3.2.2 Particle morphology -- 2.3.2.3 Particle composition -- 2.3.2.4 Particle uniformity and agglomeration -- 2.3.3 TOXIC SUBSTANCES -- 2.3.4 TOXICITY ASSESSMENT -- 2.3.4.1 Noncancer effect -- 2.3.4.2 Cancer effect -- 2.3.5 RISK ASSESSMENT -- 2.3.6 HYGIENE STANDARDS -- 2.3.6.1 ERPG -- 2.3.6.2 IDLH -- 2.3.6.3 EEGL -- 2.3.6.4 PEL -- 2.3.6.5 TXDS -- 2.3.6.6 RMP -- 2.3.7 HAZARD ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY -- 2.3.8 SOURCE TERM -- 2.3.9 GAS DISPERSION -- 2.3.9.1 Workbooks/correlations
Multiscale Modeling for Process Safety Applications is a new reference demonstrating the implementation of multiscale modeling techniques on process safety applications. It is a valuable resource for readers interested in theoretical simulations and/or computer simulations of hazardous scenarios.
As multi-scale modeling is a computational technique for solving problems involving multiple scales, such as how a flammable vapor cloud might behave if ignited, this book provides information on the fundamental topics of toxic, fire, and air explosion modeling, as well as modeling jet and pool fires using computational fluid dynamics.
The book goes on to cover nanomaterial toxicity, QPSR analysis on relation of chemical structure to flash point, molecular structure and burning velocity, first principle studies of reactive chemicals, water and air reactive chemicals, and dust explosions.
Chemical and process safety professionals, as well as faculty and graduate researchers, will benefit from the detailed coverage provided in this book.
- Provides the only comprehensive source addressing the use of multiscale modeling in the context of process safety
- Bridges multiscale modeling with process safety, enabling the reader to understand mapping between problem detail and effective usage of resources
- Presents an overall picture of addressing safety problems in all levels of modeling and the latest approaches to each in the field
- Features worked out examples, case studies, and a question bank to aid understanding and involvement for the reader
Content: Front Matter,Copyright,Preface,AcknowledgmentsEntitled to full textChapter 1 - Introduction, Pages 1-3 Chapter 2 - Process Safety, Pages 5-110 Chapter 3 - Molecular-Level Modeling and Simulation in Process Safety, Pages 111-210 Chapter 4 - Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation in Process Safety, Pages 211-274 Chapter 5 - Finite Element Analysis in Process Safety Applications, Pages 275-288 Chapter 6 - Dynamic Simulation, Chaos Theory, and Statistical Analysis in Process Safety, Pages 289-308 Chapter 7 - Equipment Failure, Pages 309-338 Chapter 8 - Inherently Safer Design, Pages 339-396 Chapter 9 - Application of Modeling for Industrial Hygiene and Toxicological Issues, Pages 397-406 Chapter 10 - Conclusion, Pages 407-409 Chapter 11 - Exercises, Pages 411-422 Index, Pages 423-429 Suitable for readers interested in theoretical simulations and or computer simulations of hazardous scenarios, this book explores fundamental topics of toxic, fire, and air explosion modeling, as well as modeling jet and pool fires using computational fluid dynamics. Featuring worked out examples, case studies, and a question bank to aid understanding and involvement, this valuable resource demonstrates the implementation of multiscale modeling techniques on process safety applications. -- Edited summary from book
