Network-Based Language Teaching: Concepts and Practice (Cambridge Applied Linguistics)

This text provides a critical collection of recent research in on-line communication for second language learning. The hardback edition provides a critical collection of recent research in on-line communication for second language learning, including uses of electronic mail, real-time writing, and the Web. Chapters analyze the theories underlying computer-assisted learning, explore the contexts that affect network-based teaching, and examine the linguistic nature of computer-mediated interaction in both textual and multimedia environments. This book will be of vital importance to language teachers and researchers, as well as to readers with a general interest in linguistics, computer-mediated communication, and education. Cover 1 Network-based Language Teaching 3 Series 4 Title 5 Copyright 6 Contents 7 Contributors 9 Series editors’ preface 11 Preface 13 1: Introduction: Theory and practice of network-based language teaching 15 Shifting perspectives on language learning and teaching 16 Structural perspective 17 Cognitive/constructivist perspective 17 Sociocognitive perspective 18 Changing nature of computer use in language teaching 21 Structural approaches to CALL 22 Cognitive approaches to CALL 23 Sociocognitive approaches to CALL 25 Research on network-based language teaching 27 Conclusion 31 References 31 2: Sociocollaborative language learning in Bulgaria 34 Background 34 Pedagogical groundings for change 35 Response-based literature teaching and learning 35 Roles for technologies 37 Curricular integration 37 Audiotape 38 Concordancing and style checking 38 Word processing 39 E-mail collaborations 39 Summary of EFL curriculum redesign 40 Evaluation of the technologies-based curriculum 40 Student achievement 42 Teachers’ responses 43 Students’ responses 44 Classroom discourse 46 Constraints 47 Discussion 48 Technology and curricular change 49 Conclusion 49 Appendix A: Short stories used in revised curriculum 50 Appendix B: Sample e-mail dialogue 50 Sample questions from the EFL students 53 References 53 3: On-line learning in second language classrooms: An ethnographic study 55 Sociocultural context 56 ESL at Miller College 56 ESL at the University of Hawaii 57 Hawaiian language at the University of Hawaii 57 English at Bay College 58 Electronic literacy 59 International students 60 Immigrant students 62 Native Hawaiian students 63 The purpose of literacy activities 65 Summary 70 Conclusion 71 References 72 4: Negotiation in cyberspace: The role of chatting in the development of grammatical competence 73 Introduction 73 Synchronous NBC through ytalk 74 Research background 74 Oral interaction and the negotiation of meaning 74 NBC chatting and virtual classroom language learners 76 Research questions 78 Methods 79 Subjects 79 Tasks 79 Analysis 79 Results and discussion 84 NBC and the negotiation of meaning 84 Negotiation, comprehension, and successful communication 89 Negotiation, form-focused interaction, and modified output 91 Conclusion 97 References 98 5: Writing into change: Style shifting in asynchronous electronic discourse 101 Background: The pedagogical rationale for the conferences 102 Overview of the conferences 104 The student reflections: In their ending is our beginning 106 Identifying social practices 108 Approbation and agreement in the debate conference 110 Wang’s modifications 111 Wang’s compliments and the bulge hypothesis 114 Lexicosyntactic indicators of stylistic emulation 116 Syntactic complexity: Identifying two trends 118 Lexical inventory 121 What do these trends suggest about learning? 124 Concluding remarks 126 Appendix A: Wang’s additional replies 127 Appendix B: Passages by Yoshi 130 References 132 6: Computers and collaborative writing in the foreign language curriculum 135 Rationale of the study 137 Method 138 Subjects and treatment 138 Data collected 139 Composition assessment 140 Statistical analysis of data 144 Results 145 Regression analysis 145 Pairwise comparison analysis 146 Qualitative analysis of face-to-face and computer transcripts 149 Attitude questionnaire 150 Conclusion 151 Appendix A: Attitude questionnaires for control and experimental students, respectively 154 Questionnaire for in-class response-group work (control sections) 154 InterChange composition response-group questionnaire (experimental sections) 155 Appendix B: InterChange transcript excerpts 156 French 3 (week 11; names have been replaced by letters) 156 Translation of InterChange transcript excerpt: French 3 (week 11) 157 InterChange transcript excerpt: French 4 (week 11) 158 Translation of InterChange transcript excerpt: French 4 (week 11) 160 Appendix C: Tapescript of face-to-face, spoken interaction in peer-group exchanges (French 4, week 12) 161 Translation of face-to-face tapescript (French 4, week 12) 162 References 164 7: Networked multimedia environments for second language acquisition 165 Introduction 165 Networked multimedia environments for language learning 166 Example of a networked hypermedia environment: Project netLearn 168 NETWORKED MULTIMEDIA TOOLS 168 Tasks/Activities 170 Integrated design approach: Designing networked multimedia environments 173 Design of language instruction based on a constructivist approach 174 Design issues specific to learning with networked multimedia 175 Summary and conclusions 179 References 181 8: An electronic literacy approach to network-based language teaching 185 Introduction 185 An electronic literacy framework 186 Communication 187 Construction 188 Research 189 Classroom applications 190 Communication 192 Research 195 Construction 194 Research implications of an electronic literacy approach 196 References 197 9: Task-based language learning via audiovisual networks: The LEVERAGE project 200 Introduction 200 Theoretical background 201 Research questions 203 Method 204 Subjects 204 Tasks 204 The data 206 Results 207 The first trial 207 The second trial 212 Conclusion 216 References 217 10: Is network-based learning CALL? 218 Defining types of CALL activities 219 How can CALL activities be categorized? 219 CALL texts 220 An empirically based definition of CALL activities 221 Recurring themes through generations of CALL 223 The need for CALL evaluation 224 The myth of “CALL method” 225 Significant features of activities 226 The need to link to SLA research 228 The classroom context of CALL 231 Sociocultural issues of CALL 231 Network learning: A critical role in CALL’s evolution 232 Is network-based learning CALL? 236 References 236 Name index 243 Subject index 248 This Important New Book Provides A Critical Collection Of Research In On-line Communication For Second Language Learning, Including Uses Of Electronic Mail, Real-time Writing, And The World Wide Web. Chapters Analyze The Theories Underlying Computer-assisted Learning, Explore The Contexts That Affect Network-based Teaching, And Examine The Linguistic Nature Of Computer-mediated Interaction In Both Textual And Multimedia Environments. Each Chapter Has Been Specially Written For This Collection By An Individual Who Has Done Extensive Research On The Topic Explored, Resulting In A Highly Readable But In-depth Analysis Of The Way That On-line Communication Is Reshaping Language Teaching. Network-based Language Teaching Will Be Of Vital Interest To Language Educators And Researchers, As Well As To Readers With A General Interest In Linguistics, Computer-mediated Communication, And Education. -- Publisher Description. Introduction: Theory And Practice Of Network-based Language Teaching / Richard Kern And Mark Warschauer -- Sociocollaborative Language Learning In Bulgaria / Carla Meskill And Krassimira Ranglova -- On-line Learning In Second Language Classrooms: An Ethnographic Study / Mark Warschauer -- Negotiation In Cyberspace: The Role Of Chatting In The Development Of Grammatical Competence / Jill Pellettieri -- Writing Into Change: Style Shifting In Asynchronous Electronic Discourse / Boyd Davis And Ralf Thiede -- Computers And Collaborative Writing In The Foreign Language Curriculum / Jean Marie Schultz -- Networked Multimedia Environments For Second Language Acquisition / Dorothy M. Chun And Jan L. Plass -- An Electronic Literacy Approach To Network-based Language Teaching / Heidi Shetzer And Mark Warschauer -- Task-based Language Learning Via Audiovisual Networks: The Leverage Project / Christoph Zähner, Agnès Fauverge, And Jan Wong -- Is Network-based Learning Call? / Carol A. Chapelle. Edited By Mark Warschauer And Richard Kern. Includes Bibliographical References And Indexes. A critical collection of recent research on on-line communication for second language learning, including uses of electronic mail, real-time writing, and the World Wide Web. Chapters analyze the theories underlying computer assisted learning, explore the contexts that affect network-based teaching, and examine the linguistic nature of computer-mediated interaction in both textual and multimedia environments.