Paradigms in Theory Construction [recurso electrónico

Within the field of psychology there is a proliferation of paradigms, theories, models, and dimensions without an underlying conceptual framework or theory. This conclusion has been reached by representatives of many different psychological specialties. In response to this inconsistency this book presents a hierarchical framework about important theoretical issues that are present in psychological thinking. These issues concern definitions of three major theoretical concepts in theory and practice: (a) paradigms, (b) theories, and (c) models. It focuses on defining, comparing, and contrasting these three conceptual terms. This framework clarifies differences among paradigms, theories, and models, terms which have become increasingly confused in the psychological literature. Paradigms are usually confused with theories or with models while theories are confused with models. Examples of misuses of these terms suggest the need for a hierarchical structure that views paradigms as conceptual constructions overseeing a variety of psychological theories and verifiable models. Paradigms in Theory Construction Luciano LAbate, editor Without the framework of the paradigm supporting layers of theories, models, and data, our concept of science, and its shared mode of scholarly thought, would not exist. The concept is readily understood. But how did we get there? Paradigms in Theory Construction classifies the collective worldviews that inform paradigms and clarifies the relationships between them, theories, and models in psychology, the hard sciences, and the social sciences. The book skillfully merges the philosophy of science with the history of scientific inquiry to explain how ideas take hold among populations, how paradigms are structured, whether they are based in logic, and under what circumstances paradigm shifts occur. Rich with historical and contemporary examples across disciplines, chapters examine the function of the paradigm for the community of scholars in major arenas of scientific pursuit, among them: The impact of paradigms on the evolution of science. Paradigms in educational theory and practice. Artistic, verbal, and visual paradigms. General-integrative paradigms, including biopsychosocial, interbehavioral, constructionism, and materialism. Particular-specific paradigms: humanism, behaviorism, existentialism, and others. The emergence of reason, intelligence, and language. Among all the paradigms included in this volume, information processing has become the reigning paradigm for this century. A novel take on how the scientific mind works, Paradigms in Theory Construction will find an engaged audience among general psychologists and those interested in or studying popular science or the history of science Front Matter....Pages i-xiv Front Matter....Pages 1-1 The Role of Paradigms in Science and Theory Construction....Pages 3-17 The Role of Paradigms in Science: A Historical Perspective....Pages 19-30 Evolving Scientific Paradigms: Retrospective and Prospective....Pages 31-66 Front Matter....Pages 67-67 Anthropology....Pages 69-89 Parallel Paradigms of Artists and Authors....Pages 91-104 Economics....Pages 105-123 Education....Pages 125-145 Sociology....Pages 147-165 Front Matter....Pages 167-167 Biopsychosocial....Pages 169-186 Interbehaviorism....Pages 187-205 Reflections on Personality Systematics and a Unified Clinical Science....Pages 207-216 The Systemic Paradigm: The Intersubjective–Narrative Approach Versus the Relational–Generational One....Pages 217-234 Constructivism....Pages 235-255 Materialism....Pages 257-269 Front Matter....Pages 271-271 Explicating and Exemplifying Empiricist and Cognitivist Paradigms in the Study of Human Learning....Pages 273-296 Humanism and Behaviorism....Pages 297-315 Existentialism....Pages 317-338 Front Matter....Pages 339-339 Information Processing....Pages 341-363 Reductionism....Pages 365-374 Produced and Spontaneous Emergent Interactionism....Pages 375-396 Front Matter....Pages 339-339 The Emergence of Reason, Intelligence, and Language in Humans and Animals....Pages 397-420 Essentialism....Pages 421-433 Front Matter....Pages 435-435 Criteria and Processes in Paradigm Selection....Pages 437-447 Back Matter....Pages 449-458 Annotation This text presents a hierarchical framework about important theoretical issues that are present in psychological thinking. These issues concern definitions of three major theoretical concepts in theory and practice: paradigms, theories, and models. It focuses on defining, comparing, and contrasting these three conceptual terms