Pediatric and neonatal mechanical ventilation

The book “Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation” discusses the comprehensive and recent advances in mechanical ventilation. The book has 20 chapters. First chapter describes the structure and function of conventional ventilator, which have been used earlier. Moving on to the further chapters, it describes basic physiology, indications, fundamentals, and other aspects of mechanical ventilation. Several recent advances in mechanical ventilation such as inverse ratio ventilation (IRV), airway pressure release ventilation (APRV), pressure support ventilation (PSV), pressure-regulated volume control (PRVC), proportional assist ventilation (PAV), nonconventional techniques and neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) are explained in detail. This book is incorporated with newer chapters on specific scenarios of ventilation in asthma, ARDS, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), patient ventilator synchrony and discusses briefly on commonly available ventilators. This book is intended to be practical resource for pediatric residents, pediatricians and physicians involved in care of neonatal and pediatric intensive care patients needing mechanical ventilation. In this second edition, newer chapters on specific scenarios of Ventilation in Asthma, ARDS, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Patient ventilator synchrony have been added. Flow charts have also been included in most of the chapters for ready reference. Contents 1. Structure and Function of Conventional Ventilator 2. Mechanical Basic Physiology Basic Respiratory Physiology Applied Respiratory Physiology for Mechanical Ventilation 3. Oxygen Therapy Definition 20 Physiology 4. Basic Mechanical Ventilation Indications of Mechanical Ventilation Basic Fundamentals of Ventilation 5. Advanced Mechanical Newer Modes Inverse Ratio Ventilation (IRV) Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) Pressure-regulated Volume Control (PRVC) Proportional Assist Ventilation (PAV) Nonconventional Techniques Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA) 6. Patient Ventilator Dyssynchrony Ventilator-related Factors that affect Patient-ventilator Interaction Trigger Variable Ineffective Triggering 7. Blood Gas and Acid Base Interpretation Acidosis Alkalosis Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation Buffering System Homeostasis Pathophysiology Metabolic Acidosis Treatment Metabolic Alkalosis Respiratory Acidosis Mixed Acid-base Disorders 8. Care of the Ventilated Patient Physiotherapy Humidification and Mechanical Ventilation 9. Ventilator Graphics and Clinical Applications Technique of Respiratory Mechanics Monitoring Types of Waveforms Scalars Loops Abnormal Waveforms 10. Ventilation for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Management of Pediatric ALI and ARDS Respiratory Support in Children with ALI and ARDS Endotracheal Intubation and Ventilation Rescue Therapies for ChIldren with ALI/ARDS Potentially Promising Therapies for Children with ALI/ARDS 11. Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Asthma Criteria for Intubation Intubation Technique Sedation during Intubation and Ventilation Effects of Intubation Medical Management of Asthma in the Intubated Patient Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation 12. Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation Determinants of Weaning Outcome Extubation 13. Complications of Mechanical Ventilation Complications Related to Adjunctive Therapies 14. Non-Invasive Ventilation Mechanism of Improvement with Non-invasive Ventilation 15. Neonatal CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) Definition Effects of CPAP in the Infant with Respiratory Distress The CPAP Delivery System 16. Neonatal Ventilation 17. High Frequency Ventilation Protective Strategies of Conventional Mechanical Ventilation Basic Concepts of HFV (High Frequency Ventilation) Types of High Frequency Ventilation Clinical Application Practical Aspects of High Frequency Ventilation of Pediatric and Neonatal Patients 18. Inhaled Nitric Oxide 19. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Recent Evidence on Use of ECMO 20. Commonly Available Ventilators VELA Viasys Health Care (USA) Neonatal Ventilator Model Bearcub 750 PSV Viasys Health Care (USA) Ventilator Model Avea- Viasys Health Care Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation became instantly popular with pediatric residents in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) due to its small size and simple and practice-oriented approach. Recently, more advances have come up in the field of mechanical ventilation including newer modes such as airway pressure release ventilation, neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) and high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). In the second edition, newer chapters on specific scenarios of Ventilation in Asthma, ARDS, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), Patient ventilator synchrony have been added. Flow charts have also been included in most of the chapters for ready reference. Some newer ventilators and their information have also been added in chapter on commonly available ventilators. This book will continue to be of practical use to the residents and fellows in the pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit