Perinatal Stem Cells

**Discover how perinatal stem cells may prove to be a more powerful therapeutic tool than embryonic stem cells Normally discarded as medical waste, perinatal stem cells are an incredible source of stem cells and are gaining phenomenal research attention for their potential to become a more powerful alternative to the controversial embryonic stem cells. In response to this growing field, this book provides a thorough tutorial on the current state of the art in perinatal stem cells. Presented by a panel of authorities whose expertise reaches from research to hematology to tissue engineering and beyond, this important volume covers all of the sources of stem cells found throughout pregnancy, revealing the underlying biology and potential therapeutic uses of each: * Post-gestational maternal peripheral blood * Umbilical cord blood * Wharton's jelly * Amniotic fluid * Amnion lining the amniotic cavity * Umbilical vein * Chorionic mesenchymal stromal cells * Multi-potent cells * Placenta stem cells This book is a bountiful source for researchers, graduate students, cell biologists, gene therapists, obstetricians and gynecologists, and professionals engaged in regenerative medicine and developmental biology.** PERINATAL STEM CELLS......Page 4 CONTENTS......Page 8 PREFACE......Page 14 CONTRIBUTORS......Page 16 INTRODUCTION: PERINATAL STEM CELLS......Page 18 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants: Adult Donor Collection......Page 22 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants: Adult Donor Testing......Page 23 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants: Recipient Issues......Page 24 Collection and Processing of Cord Blood Units......Page 25 Bone Marrow versus Single Cord Blood: Pediatric......Page 26 Bone Marrow versus Cord Blood: Adults......Page 27 Cord Blood Transplant: Advantages and Disadvantages......Page 28 Double Cord Blood Transplants: Ablative Regimens......Page 29 Double Cord Blood Transplant: Non-Myeloablative Regimens......Page 30 Chimerism......Page 31 Predicting the Winner......Page 33 Are Two Cords Better Than One?......Page 34 References......Page 35 Introduction: Hematopoietic Stem Cells, the Therapeutic Distributed Stem Cells in Umbilical Cord Blood......Page 42 Biological Barriers to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Therapy......Page 45 Umbilical Cord Blood: An Ideal Source of Therapeutic Hematopoietic Stem Cells......Page 48 Shortcomings of Ex Vivo HSC Expansion Strategies......Page 50 A Novel Strategy With Potential to Enable Ex Vivo Expansion of Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells......Page 53 Acknowledgments......Page 55 References......Page 56 Introduction......Page 62 Principles of Tissue Engineering......Page 63 Examples of Possible Use and Implications of Perinatal Stem Cells......Page 64 Amniotic Derived Stem Cells (hAMSC/Placental!)......Page 65 Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells (Nonplacental!)......Page 66 Conclusion......Page 67 References......Page 69 The Fetus as Recipient for Pre- and Perinatal Stem Cell Transplantation......Page 72 Prenatal Cell Transplantation: Current Experience......Page 73 How Do We Improve the Success of Prenatal Stem Cell Transplantation?......Page 74 Fetal Gene Therapy as a New Strategy......Page 75 Current Issues of Postnatal Gene Therapy......Page 76 Prenatal Gene Therapy......Page 78 Fetal Gene Therapy Targeting Hematopoietic Stem Cells......Page 79 Safety Aspects of Prenatal Gene Therapy......Page 80 References......Page 81 Preparation and Culture of UC–MSC......Page 90 Characteristics–Properties and Bone Marrow Comparison......Page 92 UC–MSC as Feeder Layer for Expansion of Human Cells......Page 94 References......Page 96 Mesenchymal Stromal Cells......Page 100 Defining Primitive Stromal Cells: Differences between Fetal and Adult MSCs......Page 102 Umbilical Cord MSCs......Page 103 Other MSC-Like Cells from Umbilical Cord......Page 104 Comparison of WJCs to Adult Derived MSCs......Page 105 In Vitro Differentiation of WJCs......Page 106 Transplantation of WJCs......Page 107 WJCs as Primitive Stromal Cells......Page 110 References......Page 111 The Role of Vascular Stem Cells in Postnatal Blood Vessel Formation: Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Postnatal Vasculogenesis......Page 116 EPCs, Vasculogenesis and Angiogenesis......Page 117 EPCs and Tissue Engineering......Page 118 EPCs and Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering......Page 119 References......Page 120 Introduction......Page 124 Mast Cell Triggers......Page 127 Mast Cell Mediators......Page 130 Selective Release of Mast Cell Mediators......Page 132 Natural Mast Cell Secretion Inhibitors......Page 133 Inflammatory Skin Diseases......Page 134 Fibromyalgia Syndrome......Page 136 Asthma......Page 138 Inflammatory Arthritis......Page 140 Coronary Inflammation......Page 141 Conclusion......Page 143 References......Page 144 Amniotic Fluid Cells......Page 168 The Discovery of Stem Cells in Amniotic Fluid......Page 170 Characteristics of Amniotic Fluid Derived Stem Cells......Page 171 Amniotic Fluid as a Promising Alternative Source for Neural Stem Cells......Page 174 References......Page 176 Introduction......Page 180 Isolation and Culture of hAE Cells......Page 181 Stem Cell Characteristics of Amniotic Epithelium-Derived Cells......Page 182 Differentiation of hAE Cells......Page 183 Future Directions......Page 184 Conclusions......Page 185 References......Page 186 Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells......Page 190 Role of Angiogenesis in the Pathophysiology of Disease......Page 191 Studies of the Effects of Statins on Angiogenesis Using Both In Vivo Models and In Vitro HUVEC and HDMEC Models for Angiogenesis......Page 192 References......Page 206 The Hematopoietic System......Page 210 Historical Perspective on Placental Hematopoiesis......Page 211 Development and Structure of the Mouse Placenta......Page 213 Hematopoietic Activity in the Mouse Placenta......Page 214 Phenotype of Placental HSCs......Page 215 Origin and Localization of Placental HSCs......Page 216 Summary and Future Directions......Page 219 References......Page 220 The Placenta is a Source of Stem Cells......Page 224 Transfer of Fetal Progenitor Cells During Gestation......Page 225 Fetal Progenitor Cells in Maternal Tissues......Page 226 Future Therapies......Page 227 References......Page 228 INDEX......Page 230 Cord blood transplants : perinatal stem cells in clinical practice / Richard L. Haspel and Karen K. Ballen Expanding the therapeutic potential of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells / Rouzbeh R. Taghizadeh and James L. Sherley Sources of perinatal stem cells in regenerative medicine / Christian Breymann Perinatal stem cell therapy / Daniel Surbek, Anna Wagner, and Andreina Schoeberlein Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells / Laurent Boissel ... [et al.] Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells / Barbara Lutjemeier, Deryl L. Troyer, and Mark L. Weiss Endothelial progenitor cells / Curtis L. Cetrulo, Jr. and Margaret J. Starnes Umbilical cord-derived mast cells as models for the study of inflammatory diseases / Taxiarchis Kourelis, Akrivi Manola, and Theoharis C. Theoharides Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells / Ming-Song Tsai Amniotic epithelial stem cells in regenerative medicine / Fabio Marongiu ... [et al.] Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells offer new insights into the relationship between lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, and abdominal aortic aneurysm / Ho-Jin Park ... [et al.] Hematopoietic stem cell development in the placenta / Katrin E. Rhodes and Hanna K.A. Mikkola Fetal cell microchimerism, a low-grade naturally occuring cell therapy / Michaele Leduc, Selim Aractingi, and Kiarash Khosrotehrani. Cord blood transplants : perinatal stem cells in clinical practice / Richard L. Haspel and Karen K. Ballen Expanding the therapeutic potential of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells / Rouzbeh R. Taghizadeh and James L. Sherley Use of fetal cells in regenerative medicine / Christian Breymann Perinatal stem cell therapy / Daniel Surbek, Anna Wagner, and Andreina Schoeberlein Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells / Laurent Boissel ... [et al.] Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells / Barbara Lutjemeier, Deryl L. Troyer, and Mark L. Weiss Perinatal endothelial progenitor cells / Curtis L. Cetrulo, Jr. and Margaret J. Starnes Umbilical cord derived mast cells as models for the study of inflammatory diseases / Taxiarchis Kourelis ... [et al.] Amniotic fluid derived stem cells / Ming-Song Tsai Amniotic epithelial stem cells in regenerative medicine / Fabio Marongiu ... [et al.] Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells offer new insights into the relationship between lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, and abdominal aortic aneurysm / Ho-Jin Park ... [et al.] Hematopoietic stem cell development in the placenta / Katrin E. Rhodes and Hanna K.A. Mikkola Fetal cell microchimerism, a low-grade naturally occuring cell therapy / Michèle Leduc, Selim Aractingi, and Kiarash Khosrotehrani.

Discover how perinatal stem cells may prove to be a more powerful therapeutic tool than embryonic stem cells

Normally discarded as medical waste, perinatal stem cells are an incredible source of stem cells and are gaining phenomenal research attention for their potential to become a more powerful alternative to the controversial embryonic stem cells. In response to this growing field, Perinatal Stem Cells provides a thorough tutorial on the current state of the art in perinatal stem cells.

Presented by a panel of authorities whose expertise reaches from research to hematology to tissue engineering and beyond, this important volume covers all of the sources of stem cells found throughout pregnancy, revealing the underlying biology and potential therapeutic uses of each:

• Post-gestational maternal peripheral blood

• Umbilical cord blood

• Wharton's jelly

• Amniotic fluid

• Amnion lining the amniotic cavity

• Umbilical vein

• Chorionic mesenchymal stromal cells

• Multi-potent cells

• Placenta stem cells

Perinatal Stem Cells is a bountiful source for researchers, graduate students, cell biologists, gene therapists, obstetricians and gynecologists, and professionals engaged in regenerative medicine and developmental biology.

A thorough tutorial on perinatal stem cells, including stem cells harvested from the amniotic fluid, placenta, maternal blood supply, umbilical cord and Wharton's Jelly. Coverage includes the underlying biology of each of the sources of pregnancy related stem cells, cell culture, potential therapeutic uses, insights on the impact of these stem cells from obstetricians and gynecologists, cardiologists, hematologists and tissue engineers, and cord blood bankers. This will be the seminal volume in an emerging field. Normally discarded as medical waste, perinatal stem cells are an incredible sourc Normally discarded as medical waste, the placenta is an incredible source of stem cells. This volume covers all of the sources of stem cells found in the placenta and throughout pregnancy. Each of these sources is presented and discussed by a leading and world-renowned researcher or research team.