Physics - Part II

Physics Part II......Page 1 Selected Physical Constants......Page 2 Selected Physical Properties......Page 3 Half-Title......Page 5 Title-Page......Page 7 Copyright......Page 8 Note for 1966 Printing......Page 10 Preface to the Second Edition......Page 11 Preface to First Edition......Page 13 Contents......Page 17 26-1 Electromagnetism-A Preview......Page 25 26-2 Electric Charge......Page 26 26-3 Conductors and Insulators......Page 27 26-4 Coulomb's Law......Page 28 26-5 Charge Is Quantized......Page 32 26-6 Charge and Matter......Page 33 Questions......Page 38 Problems......Page 39 27-1 The Electric Field......Page 41 27-3 Lines of Force......Page 43 27-4 Calculation of E......Page 48 27-5 A Point Charge in an Electric Field......Page 53 27-6 A Dipole in an Electric Field......Page 56 Questions......Page 58 Problems......Page 59 28-1 Flux of the Electric Field......Page 64 28-3 Gauss's Law and Coulomb's Law......Page 68 28-4 An Insulated Conductor......Page 70 28-5 Experimental Proof of Gauss's and Coulomb's Laws......Page 71 28-6 Gauss's Law-Some Applications......Page 73 28-7 The Nuclear Model of the Atom......Page 78 Questions......Page 80 Problems......Page 81 29-1 Electric Potential......Page 86 29-2 Potential and Field Strength......Page 89 29-3 Potential Due to a Point Charge......Page 93 29-4 A Group of Point Charges......Page 94 29-5 Potential Due to a Dipole......Page 96 29-6 Electric Potential Energy......Page 100 29-7 Calculation of E from V......Page 102 29-8 An Insulated Conductor......Page 108 29-9 The Electrostatic Generator......Page 111 Questions......Page 114 Problems......Page 115 30-1 Capacitance......Page 119 30-2 Calculating Capacitance......Page 123 30-3 Parallel-Plate Capacitor with Dielectric......Page 126 30-4 Dielectrics-An Atomic View......Page 128 30-5 Dielectrics and Gauss's Law......Page 131 30-6 Three Electric Vectors......Page 134 30-7 Energy Storage in an Electric Field......Page 138 Questions......Page 142 Problems......Page 143 31-1 Current and Current Density......Page 148 31-2 Resistance, Resistivity, and Conductivity......Page 152 31-3 Ohm's Law......Page 156 31-4 Resistivity-an Atomic View......Page 158 31-5 Energy Transfers in an Electric Circuit......Page 161 Questions......Page 164 Problems......Page 165 32-1 Electromotive Force......Page 167 32-2 Calculating the Current......Page 170 32-3 Other Single-Loop Circuits......Page 171 32-4 Potential Differences......Page 173 32-5 Multiloop Circuits......Page 176 32-6 Measuring Currents and Potential Differences......Page 178 32-7 The Potentiometer......Page 179 32-8 RC Circuits......Page 180 Questions......Page 186 Problems......Page 187 33-1 The Magnetic Field......Page 192 33-2 The Definition of B......Page 194 33-3 Magnetic Force on a Current......Page 197 33-4 Torque on a Current Loop......Page 201 33-5 The Hall Effect......Page 205 33-6 Circulating Charges......Page 207 33-7 The Cyclotron......Page 209 33-8 Thomson's Experiment......Page 213 Questions......Page 214 Problems......Page 215 34-1 Ampere's Law......Page 222 34-2 B Near a long Wire......Page 226 34-3 Magnetic Lines of Induction......Page 229 34-4 Two Parallel Conductors......Page 231 34-5 B for a Solenoid......Page 234 34-6 The Biot-Savart Law......Page 237 Questions......Page 243 Problems......Page 244 35-1 Faraday's Experiments......Page 248 35-2 Faraday's Law of Induction......Page 250 35-3 Lenz's Law......Page 251 35-4 Induction-A Quantitative Study......Page 253 35-5 Time-Varying Magnetic Fields......Page 258 35-6 The Betatron......Page 262 35-7 Induction and Relative Motion......Page 265 Questions......Page 269 Problems......Page 272 36-1 Inductance......Page 277 36-2 Calculation of Inductance......Page 279 36-3 An LR Circuit......Page 280 36-4 Energy and the Magnetic Field......Page 285 36-5 Energy Density and the Magnetic Field......Page 288 Questions......Page 290 Problems......Page 291 37-1 Poles and Dipoles......Page 293 37-3 Paramagnetism......Page 298 37-4 Diamagnetism......Page 301 37-5 Ferromagnetism......Page 304 37-6 Nuclear Magnetism......Page 309 37-7 Three Magnetic Vectors......Page 312 Questions......Page 318 Problems......Page 319 38-1 LC Oscillations......Page 321 38-2 Analogy to Simple Harmonic Motion......Page 325 38-3 Electromagnetic Oscillations-Quantitative......Page 326 38-4 Forced Oscillations and Resonance......Page 330 38-5 Lumped and Distributed Elements......Page 332 38-6 Electromagnetic Cavity Oscillator......Page 333 38-7 Induced Magnetic Fields......Page 337 38-8 Displacement Current......Page 340 38-10 Maxwell's Equations and Cavity Oscillations......Page 341 Questions......Page 345 Problems......Page 346 39-1 Transmission Line......Page 349 39-2 Coaxial Cable-Fields and Currents......Page 352 39-3 Waveguide......Page 355 39-4 Radiation......Page 357 39-5 Traveling Waves and Maxwell's Equations......Page 360 39-6 The Poynting Vector......Page 364 Problems......Page 368 40-1 Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum......Page 371 40-2 Energy and Momentum......Page 373 40-3 The Speed of Light......Page 376 40-4 Moving Sources and Observers......Page 381 40-5 Doppler Effect......Page 384 Questions......Page 388 Problems......Page 389 41-1 Reflection and Refraction......Page 391 41-2 Huygens' Principle......Page 396 41-3 Huygens' Principle and the Law of Reflection......Page 398 41-4 Huygens' Principle and the Law of Refraction......Page 399 41-5 Total Internal Reflection......Page 402 41-6 Fermat's Principle......Page 406 Questions......Page 408 Problems......Page 409 42-1 Geometrical Optics and Wave Optics......Page 413 42-2 Spherical Waves-Plane Mirror......Page 416 42-3 Spherical Waves-Spherical Mirror......Page 419 42-4 Spherical Refracting Surface......Page 427 42-5 Thin Lenses......Page 433 Questions......Page 440 Problems......Page 441 43-1 Young's Experiment......Page 446 43-2 Coherence......Page 452 43-3 Intensity in Young's Experiment......Page 455 43-4 Adding Wave Disturbances......Page 458 43-5 Interference from Thin Films......Page 461 43-6 Phase Changes on Reflection......Page 467 43-7 Michelson's Interferometer......Page 468 43-8 Michelson's Interferometer and Light Propagation......Page 470 Questions......Page 473 Problems......Page 474 44-1 Introduction......Page 477 44-2 Single Slit......Page 480 44-3 Single Slit-Qualitative......Page 483 44-4 Single Slit-Quantitative......Page 486 44-5 Diffraction at a Circular Aperture......Page 490 44-6 Double Slit......Page 493 Questions......Page 498 Problems......Page 499 45-2 Multiple Slits......Page 501 45-3 Diffraction Gratings......Page 506 45-4 Resolving Power of a Grating......Page 510 45-5 X-ray Diffraction......Page 512 45-6 Bragg's Law......Page 518 Questions......Page 521 Problems......Page 522 46-1 Polarization......Page 525 46-2 Polarizing Sheets......Page 528 46-3 Polarization by Reflection......Page 531 46-4 Double Refraction......Page 533 46-5 Circular Polarization......Page 541 46-7 Scattering of Light......Page 545 46-8 Double Scattering......Page 547 Questions......Page 548 Problems......Page 549 47-1 Sources of Light......Page 551 47-2 Cavity Radiators......Page 552 47-3 Planck's Radiation Formula......Page 555 47-4 Photoelectric Effect......Page 557 47-5 Einstein's Photon Theory......Page 560 47-6 The Compton Effect......Page 562 47-7 Line Spectra......Page 566 47-8 The Hydrogen Atom......Page 569 47-9 The Correspondence Principle......Page 574 Questions......Page 575 Problems......Page 576 48-1 Matter Waves......Page 578 48-2 Atomic Structure and Standing Waves......Page 581 48-3 Wave Mechanics......Page 582 48-4 Meaning of PSI......Page 586 48-5 The Uncertainty Principle......Page 588 Questions......Page 591 Problems......Page 592 V-1 Introduction......Page 593 V-2 The Operator del......Page 594 V-3 Maxwell's Equations in Differential Form-I......Page 595 V-4 Maxwell's Equations in Differential Form-II......Page 597 V-5 The Wave Equation......Page 598 Supplementary Problems......Page 601 A Definition of Standards and Fundamental and Derived Physical Constants......Page 621 B Miscellaneous Terrestrial Data......Page 624 C The Solar System......Page 626 D Periodic Table of the Elements......Page 628 E The Particles of Physics......Page 629 F Symbols, Dimensions, and Units for Physical Quantities......Page 631 G Conversion Factors......Page 633 H Mathematical Symbols and the Greek Alphabet......Page 641 I Mathematical Formulas......Page 642 J Values of Trigonometric Functions......Page 645 K Nobel Prize Winners 1n Physics......Page 647 L The Gaussian System of Units......Page 650 Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems......Page 653 Answers to Odd-Numbered Supplementary Problems......Page 661 Index......Page 665 Selected Numerical Constants......Page 675 Selected Conversion Factors......Page 676 Back Cover......Page 677