Populism Around the World : A Comparative Perspective

"This book provides a global overview of populist actors and strategies around the globe from a comparative perspective. By presenting six country studies on the United States, France, Poland, Turkey, the Philippines and Argentina, the contributors analyze how parties from both the radical left and right use a populist discourse combining people-centrism, anti-elitism, and the exclusion of certain population cohorts from the national community. They illustrate how populist actors mobilize and persuade citizens by using simple and slogan-based language and charismatic leadership while offering simple solutions to complex problems. Each case study describes the history of populism in the respective country, current populist actors, the strategies these parties and movements employ, and how successful these tactics are within the population. These case studies are embedded within two theoretical chapters that link the cases to the theoretical and empirical literature on populism. This timely book will appeal to anyone interested in understanding the current enormous appeal of populist movements around the globe."-- Provided by publisher Contents 5 Introduction 6 1 Defining Populism 7 2 A Short History of Populism 8 References 11 Populism in Argentina 13 1 Introduction 13 2 The History of Populism in Argentina 14 3 Populist Actors and Parties 16 4 Populist Agendas and Strategies 19 5 The Popular Appeal of Populism in the Population 23 6 Conclusion 25 References 27 Populism in France 31 1 Introduction 31 2 Populism in France 32 3 Populist Agendas and Strategies 34 3.1 Populists Against the EU 36 3.2 National Interests 37 3.3 Populist Strategies 38 3.4 The Populist Agency: Organizational Basis 40 4 Electoral Support for Populism 41 4.1 The Context of the 2017 Elections 41 4.2 Populist Voting in France 43 5 Conclusion 49 References 50 Populism in the Philippines 52 1 Introduction 52 2 A Historicized, Contextualized, and Critical Take 53 2.1 Historicized 53 2.2 Contextualized 54 2.3 Critical 54 3 Nationalism and Populism in the Philippines: A Historicized Take 54 3.1 Colonial Roots (1892-1946) 55 3.2 The ``Resurrected People ́ ́ (1946-1986) 56 3.3 Contemporary Populists (1986-2016) 58 4 Current Populist Actors: Contextualizing Duterte ́s Rise 60 4.1 Populist Agendas and Strategies 61 4.1.1 ``Old School ́ ́ Populism 61 4.1.2 Spectacular Politics 61 4.2 Populist Publics 62 5 Duterte and the Return to National Boss Rule: A Critical Take 64 6 Conclusion 66 References 66 Populism in Poland 69 1 Introduction 69 2 The History of Populism in Poland 70 2.1 Before 1989: Populism in the Interwar and Communist Eras 70 2.2 After 1989: The Rise of Populists from the Margins to the Mainstream 72 3 Current Populist Actors and Parties 74 3.1 Law and Justice (PiS) 74 3.2 Kukiz ́15 77 3.3 Populist Social Movements 79 4 Agendas and Strategies of Populist Actors 80 4.1 PiS 80 4.2 Kukiz ́15 83 5 The Popular Appeal of Populists in the Population 83 6 Conclusion 86 References 88 Populism in Turkey 90 1 Introduction 90 2 The History of Populism in Turkey 91 3 Current Populist Parties and Actors 94 4 Populist Agendas and Strategies 98 5 The Appeal of Populism in the Population 102 6 Conclusion 106 References 107 Populism in the United States 110 1 Introduction 110 2 The Foundations of American Populism 111 3 A Brief History of Populism in the United States 112 4 Current Populist Actors in the United States 115 5 The Populism of Donald Trump 116 6 The Popular Appeal of Populism in the Population 119 7 Conclusion 121 References 121 Conclusion 124 1 Populism: A Thin Ideology That Can Be Combined with Basically Any Thick Ideology 125 2 The People, the Elite, and the General Will of the People 126 3 The General Will, the Affectual Narrative, and Representation 129 4 The History of Populism 131 5 The Tribune of the People: The Central Populist Actors 132 6 The Populist Approach 135 7 Populism ́s Appeal 136 8 Conclusion 139 References 140 Front Matter ....Pages i-v Introduction (Daniel Stockemer)....Pages 1-7 Populism in Argentina (Wolfgang Muno)....Pages 9-26 Populism in France (Gilles Ivaldi)....Pages 27-47 Populism in the Philippines (Adele Webb, Nicole Curato)....Pages 49-65 Populism in Poland (Ben Stanley, Mikołaj Cześnik)....Pages 67-87 Populism in Turkey (S. Erdem Aytaç, Ezgi Elçi)....Pages 89-108 Populism in the United States (Matthew Green, John Kenneth White)....Pages 109-122 Conclusion (Daniel Stockemer)....Pages 123-139