Practicing Circular Economy

Circular Economy (CE) is considered as one of the important strategies in addressing Sustainable Development Goals. Practicing Circular Economy provides an overview of CE, covering its evolution, describing the key concepts, programs, policies, and regulations. It illustrates several business opportunities over a hundred hand-picked case studies that encompass numerous sectors, various scales of operations and geographies. Another unique feature of the book is the activities listed in each chapter to invoke thoughts, frame assignments, and generate discussions. Each chapter lists key additional reading materials and takeaways.Aimed at mid- and senior-level managers, policy makers, investors, entrepreneurs, consultants, researchers, professors, and academic students involved in the subject of environmental management and sustainability, this book: Introduces the evolution of CE to clarify the key concepts and introduce some of the important global programs and initiatives CE economy with case studies Gives a global overview of adoption of CE covering countries such as India, Japan, Korea, China, EU, North America, Australia, and several more Includes information on methodologies followed, tools, and knowledge resources for practicing CE Provides insight to the business models with numerous case studies covering product design, manufacturing, and services and the role of innovation and financing Presents a comprehensive overview of opportunities in CE in sectors such as textile, steel, agriculture, and food Covers newly emerging paradigms of CE such as regional circular economy, circular supply chains, and sustainable procurement and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CE Practicing Circular Economy is thus an important resource for every circular economy practitioner and especially to those who aspire to make a career in circular economy. Practicing Circular Economy provides an overview of Circular Economy, covering its evolution describing the key concepts, programs, policies and regulations. Cover 1 Half Title 2 Title Page 4 Copyright Page 5 Contents 6 List of Figures 12 List of Tables 14 List of Boxes 16 List of Activities 22 Preface 24 Acknowledgement 26 Author Biography 28 List of Abbreviations 30 1. Challenges We Face Today 32 1.1. Rising Population and Urbanization 32 1.2. Rising Consumption and Impact of Trade Flows 33 1.3. Decoupling 37 1.4. Emergence of Circular Economy 41 1.5. Key Takeaways 43 Notes 48 2. Key Concepts, Strategies, and Programs 52 2.1. Key Concepts and Strategies 52 2.1.1. Waste Minimization 52 2.1.1.1. Waste Minimization at a Facility/Corporate Level 53 2.1.1.2. Waste Minimization at the Neighborhood Level and in Clusters 54 2.1.1.3. Waste Minimization at City/Regional Level – Concept of Zero Waste 55 2.1.2. Pollution Prevention 57 2.1.3. Green Chemistry 58 2.1.4. Industrial Ecology 58 2.1.5. Eco-efficiency 60 2.1.6. Factor 4 and 10 62 2.1.7. Life Cycle Thinking 62 2.1.8. Cradle to Cradle 65 2.1.9. Eco-design and Design for SustainabilityThe 65 2.1.10. Biomimicry 65 2.1.11. Extended Producer Responsibility 66 2.2. Key Programs 67 2.2.1. Cleaner Production Program 68 2.2.2. Green Productivity ProgramGreen 70 2.2.3. 3R Forum 70 2.2.4. Sustainable Consumption and Production (10 YFP) 71 2.2.4.1. SWITCH Asia 72 2.2.4.2. SWITCH Africa Green Program – Framework on Circular Economy 72 2.2.5. The Life Cycle InitiativeThe 73 2.2.7. Green Growth 74 2.2.8. Green Economy 75 2.3. Concluding Remarks 77 2.4. Key Takeaways 78 Notes 81 3. Circular Economy Toolbox 86 3.1. Doing More with Less 86 3.1.1. Waste Minimization 86 3.1.2. Pollution Prevention 88 3.1.2.1. Pollution Prevention Abatement Handbook 89 3.1.3. EHS Guidelines of the World Bank Group 89 3.1.4. Cleaner Production Audit 89 3.1.5. APO’s GP Methodology 90 3.1.6. Design for Sustainability 92 3.2. GHG Accounting 94 3.3. Management Systems 94 3.3.1. Environmental Management System 94 3.3.2. British Standard 8001: Circular Economy 95 3.4. Material Flow Analysis 95 3.5. Life Cycle Assessment 98 3.6. System Dynamics Modeling 102 3.7. Epilogue 104 3.8. Key Takeaways 107 Notes 112 4. 12 Rs of Circular Economy 116 4.1. Refuse 118 4.2. Reduce 120 4.3. Re-design 122 4.4. Reuse 124 4.5. Repair 126 4.6. Refurbish 128 4.7. Renovate 129 4.8. Recycle 131 4.9. Recover 132 4.10. Return 134 4.11. Remanufacture 134 4.12. Rethink 136 4.13. Epilogue 138 14.14. Key Takeaways 139 Notes 140 5. Making Longer Lasting Products 144 5.1. Decision on Whether to or Not to Extend Product Life? 145 5.2. Obsolescence 151 5.3. Policies and Regulations on Reparability of Products 153 5.3.1. Product Labeling 158 5.3.2. Business Initiatives That Build on Product Life Extension 160 5.4. Key Takeaways 162 Notes 165 6. Closing the Loop 168 6.1. Segregation of Waste 170 6.2. Material Recovery Facility 171 6.3. Waste Banks 173 6.4. Deposit and Refund Schemes 174 6.5. Role of Informal Sector 175 6.7. China’s Green Fencing 180 6.8. Recycling Waste From Ship Dismantling 181 6.9. Regulating Hazardous Substances in Products 182 REACH 182 WEEE 183 RoHS 183 6.10. Recycled Content in the Product 184 6.11. Recycled Content in Construction Materials 187 6.12. Wastewater Recycling 187 Purple Pipes in USA 188 Zero Liquid Discharge 189 6.13. R-PET Initiative 190 6.14. Recycling Organizations 192 6.15. End of Life of Vehicles 194 ELV Law in Japan 196 ELV in China 196 6.16. Circular Business Initiatives in Closing the Loop 197 6.17. Key Takeaways 199 Notes 204 7. Circular Economy in Select Sectors 210 7.1. Textile 210 7.1.1. Overview 210 7.1.2. Circular Economy Opportunities 211 7.1.2.1. Raw Material 211 7.1.2.2. Manufacturing 212 7.1.2.3. Packaging 214 7.1.2.4. Transportation 215 7.1.2.5. Consumption 216 7.1.2.6. Post-Consumer Use 216 7.1.3. International Initiatives 217 7.2. Steel 218 7.2.1. Overview 218 7.2.2. Circular Economy Opportunities 219 7.2.2.1. Raw Material Extraction 219 7.2.2.2. Steel Production 220 7.2.2.3. Steel Recycling 220 7.2.3. International Initiatives 222 7.3. Agriculture and Food 224 7.3.1. Overview 224 7.3.2. Challenges in the Agriculture and Food Sector 224 7.3.3. Circular Economy in the Agriculture and Food Sector 224 7.3.3.1. Farming 225 7.3.3.2. Food Production and Distribution 226 7.3.3.3. Food Consumption and Food Waste 226 7.3.4. Role of Cities 229 Notes 234 8. Business Models in a Circular Economy 240 8.1. Circular Supplies 241 8.2. Resource Recovery 242 8.3. Product as a Service (PaaS) 246 8.4. Product Life Extension 249 8.5. Sharing Platforms or Collaborative ConsumptionSharing 250 8.6. Facilitation for Circular Economy as a Service 253 8.7. Inclusive Business 258 8.8. Performance Based Service 259 8.9. Hybrid Business Models 260 8.10. Key Takeaways 263 Notes 265 9. Innovation and Financing in Circular Economy 270 9.1. Innovation 270 9.2. Financing Circular BusinessIn 278 9.3. Key Takeaways 291 Notes 294 10. Governance in CE 298 10.1. Resource Efficiency as the Driver 298 10.2. Zero Waste based Roadmaps 304 10.3. Legislating Circular Economy 309 10.4. Sustainable Public Procurement 313 10.5. Economic, Market Based and Information Driven Instruments 317 10.6. Need for Policy Impact Assessments 318 10.7. Key Takeaways 322 Notes 325 11. More Insights and Way Forward 330 11.1. Measuring Circular Economy 330 11.2. Importance of Regional Circular Economy 336 11.3. Developing Circular Economy Action Plans 341 11.4. Circular Economy in Supply Chains – Codes of Conduct and Traceability 347 11.5. Education, Training, and Knowledge Networking 351 11.6. Circular Living – A Way of Life 355 11.7. Sustainable Development Goals and Circular Economy 357 11.8. The COVID-19 Pandemic 360 11.9. Key Takeaways 364 Notes 370 Index 376 Production;,Consumption;,Manufacturing;,Sustainability;,Governance;,Closing,the,Loop Production,Consumption,Manufacturing,Sustainability,Governance,Closing the Loop Circular Economy (ce) Is Considered As One The Important Strategies To Address The Sustainable Development Goals. Practicing Circular Economy Provides An Overview Of Ce, Covering Its Evolution Describing The Key Concepts, Programs, Policies And Regulations. It Illustrates Several Business Opportunities Over A Hundred Hand-picked Case Studies That Encompass Numerous Sectors, Various Scales Of Operations And Geographies. Another Unique Feature Of The Book Are The Activities Listed In Each Chapter To Invoke Thoughts, Frame Assignments And Generate Discussions. Each Chapter Lists Key Additional Reading Materials And Takeaways. Aimed At Mid And Senior-level Managers, Policy Makers, Investors, Entrepreneurs, Consultants, Researchers, Professors And Academic Students Involved In The Subject Of Environmental Management And Sustainability, This Book: Introduces Evolution Of Circular Economy To Clarify The Key Concepts And Introduce Some Of The Important Global Programs And Initiatives Explains The 12rs Of Circular Economy With Case Studies Gives A Global Overview Of Adoption Of Circular Economy Covering Countries Such As India, Japan, Korea, China, Eu, North America, Australia And Several More. Includes Information On Methodologies Followed, Tools And Knowledge Resources For Practicing Circular Economy Provides Insight To The Business Models With Numerous Case Studies Covering Product Design, Manufacturing And Services And The Role Of Innovation And Financing Presents A Comprehensive Overview Of Opportunities In Ce In Sectors Such As Textile, Steel, Agriculture & Food. Covers Newly Emerging Paradigms Of Ce Such As Regional Circular Economy, Circular Supply Chains And Sustainable Procurement And Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Ce. Practicing Circular Economy Is Thus An Important Resource For Every Circular Economy Practitioner And Especially To Those Who Aspire To Make A Career In Circular Economy.