Problem Solving and Program Design in C

Key Benefit: Learning To Program With Ansi-c Problem Solving And Program Design In C Teaches Readers To Program With Ansi-c, A Standardized, Industrial-strength Programming Language Known For Its Power And Probability. The Text Uses Widely Accepted Software Engineering Methods To Teach Readers To Design Cohesive, Adaptable, And Reusable Program Solution Modules With Ansi-c. Through Case Studies And Real World Examples, Readers Are Able To Envision A Professional Career In Programming. Widely Perceived As An Extremely Difficult Language Due To Its Association With Complex Machinery, The Eighth Edition Approaches C As Conducive To Introductory Courses In Program Development. C Language Topics Are Organized Based On The Needs Of Beginner Programmers Rather Than Structure, Making For An Even Easier Introduction To The Subject. Covering Various Aspects Of Software Engineering, Including A Heavy Focus On Pointer Concepts, The Text Engages Readers To Use Their Problem Solving Skills Throughout. Key Topics: Computer Science As A Career Path; Overview Of Computers And Programming; Overview Of C; Top-down Design With Functions; Selection Structures: If And Switch Statements; Repetition And Loop Statements; Pointers And Modular Programming; Array Pointers; Strings; Recursion; Structure And Union Types; Text And Binary File Pointers; Programming In The Large; Pointers And Dynamic Data Structures; Multiprocessing Using Processes And Threads; On To C++ Key Market: This Text Is Useful For Anyone Studying Programming Or Engineering. Cover Title Page Copyright Page Preface Contents Chapter 0: Computer Science as a Career Path Section 1: Why Computer Science May be the Right Field for You Section 2: The College Experience: Computer Disciplines and Majors to Choose From Section 3: Career Opportunities Chapter 1: Overview of Computers and Programming 1.1. Electronic Computers Then and Now 1.2. Computer Hardware Memory Central Processing Unit Input/Output Devices Computer Networks 1.3. Computer Software Operating System Application Software Computer Languages Executing a Program 1.4. The Software Development Method Software Development Method Caution: Failure Is Part of the Process 1.5. Applying the Software Development Method Case Study: Converting Miles to Kilometers 1.6. Professional Ethics for Computer Programmers Privacy and Misuse of Data Computer Hacking Plagiarism and Software Piracy Misuse of a Computer Resource Chapter Review Chapter 2: Overview of C 2.1. C Language Elements Preprocessor Directives Syntax Displays for Preprocessor Directives Function main Reserved Words Standard Identifiers User-Defined Identifiers Uppercase and Lowercase Letters Program Style: Choosing Identifier Names 2.2. Variable Declarations and Data Types Variable Declarations Data Types Differences Between Numeric Types Data Type char The ASCII Code 2.3. Executable Statements Programs in Memory Assignment Statements Assignment to a char Variable Input/Output Operations and Functions The printf Function The scanf Function The return Statement 2.4. General Form of a C Program Program Style: Spaces in Programs Comments in Programs Program Style: Using Comments 2.5. Arithmetic Expressions Operators / and % Data Type of an Expression Mixed-Type Assignment Statement Type Conversion Through Casts Characters as Integers Expressions with Multiple Operators Writing Mathematical Formulas in C Numerical Inaccuracies Case Study: Supermarket Coin Processor 2.6. Formatting Numbers in Program Output Formatting Values of Type int Formatting Values of Type double Program Style: Eliminating Leading Blanks 2.7. Interactive Mode, Batch Mode, and Data Files Input Redirection Program Style: Echo Prints versus Prompts Output Redirection 2.8. Common Programming Errors Syntax Errors Run-Time Errors Undetected Errors Logic Errors Chapter Review Chapter 3: Top-Down Design with Functions 3.1. Building Programs from Existing Information Case Study: Finding the Area and Circumference of a Circle Case Study: Computing the Weight of a Batch of Flat Washers 3.2. Library Functions Predefined Functions and Code Reuse Use of Color to Highlight New Constructs C Library Functions A Look at Where We Are Heading 3.3. Top-Down Design and Structure Charts Case Study: Drawing Simple Diagrams 3.4. Functions Without Arguments Function Prototypes Function Definitions Placement of Functions in a Program Program Style: Use of Comments in a Program with Functions Order of Execution of Function Subprograms and Main Function Advantages of Using Function Subprograms Displaying User Instructions 3.5. Functions with Input Arguments Void Functions with Input Arguments Functions with Input Arguments and a Single Result Program Style: Function Interface Comment Functions with Multiple Arguments Argument List Correspondence The Function Data Area Testing Functions Using Drivers 3.6. Introduction to Computer Graphics (Optional) Composition of a Window Some Common Graphics Functions Program Style: Camelback Notation Background Color and Foreground Color Drawing Rectangles Drawing Circles, Ellipses, and Arcs Program Style: Writing General Graphics Programs Program Pitfall: Incorrect Order of Function Calls Draws over Earlier Results Pie Slices and Filled Ellipses Adding Text to Drawings 3.7. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 4: Selection Structures: If and switch Statements 4.1. Control Structures 4.2. Conditions Relational and Equality Operators Logical Operators Operator Precedence Short-Circuit Evaluation Writing English Conditions in C Comparing Characters Logical Assignment Complementing a Condition 4.3. The If Statement If Statement with Two Alternatives If Statement with One Alternative A Comparison of One and Two Alternative If Statements Program Style: Format of the If Statement 4.4. If Statements with Compound Statements Program Style: Writing If Statements with Compound True or False Statements Tracing an If Statement 4.5. Decision Steps in Algorithms Case Study: Water Bill Problem Program Style: Consistent Use of Names in Functions Program Style: Cohesive Functions Program Style: Using Constant Macros to Enhance Readability and Ease Maintenance 4.6. More Problem Solving Data Flow Information in Structure Charts Modifying a Program with Function Subprograms Case Study: Water Bill with Conservation Requirements 4.7. Nested If Statements and Multiple-Alternative Decisions Comparison of Nested If and Sequence of ifs Multiple-Alternative Decision Form of Nested if Order of Conditions in a Multiple-Alternative Decision Program Style: Validating the Value of Variables Nested If Statements with More Than One Variable 4.8. The switch Statement Comparison of Nested If Statements and the switch Statement C in Focus: The Unix Connection 4.9. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 5: Repetition and Loop Statements 5.1. Repetition in Programs 5.2. Counting Loops and the while Statement The while Statement 5.3. Computing a Sum or a Product in a Loop Program Style: Writing General Loops Multiplying a List of Numbers Compound Assignment Operators 5.4. The for Statement Program Style: Formatting the for Statement Increment and Decrement Operators Increments and Decrements Other Than 1 Displaying a Table of Values 5.5. Conditional Loops Program Style: Performing Loop Processing in a Function Subprogram 5.6. Loop Design Sentinel-Controlled Loops Using a for Statement to Implement a Sentinel Loop Endfile-Controlled Loops Infinite Loops on Faulty Data 5.7. Nested Loops 5.8. The do-while Statement and Flag-Controlled Loops Flag-Controlled Loops for Input Validation 5.9. Iterative Approximations Function Parameters Case Study: Bisection Method for Finding Roots 5.10. How to Debug and Test Programs Using Debugger Programs Debugging Without a Debugger Off-by-One Loop Errors Testing C in Focus: Team Programming 5.11. Loops in Graphics Programs (Optional) Animation 5.12. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 6: Pointers and Modular Programming 6.1. Pointers and the Indirection Operator Indirect Reference Pointers to Files 6.2. Functions with Output Parameters Meanings of * Symbol 6.3. Multiple Calls to a Function with Input/Output Parameters Program Style Preferred Kinds of Functions 6.4. Scope of Names 6.5. Formal Output Parameters as Actual Arguments 6.6. Problem Solving Illustrated Case Study: Collecting Area for Solar-Heated House Functions for Common Fractions Case Study: Arithmetic with Common Fractions 6.7. Debugging and Testing a Program System Testing Tips for Program Systems 6.8. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 7: Array Pointers 7.1. Declaring and Referencing Arrays Array Initialization Storing a String in an Array of Characters 7.2. Array Subscripts 7.3. Using for Loops for Sequential Access Statistical Computations Using Arrays Program Style: Using Loop Control Variables as Array Subscripts 7.4. Using Array Elements as Function Arguments 7.5. Array Arguments Formal Array Parameters Argument Correspondence for Array Parameters Arrays as Input Arguments Returning an Array Result Partially Filled Arrays Stacks 7.6. Searching and Sorting an Array Array Search Sorting an Array 7.7. Parallel Arrays and Enumerated Types Enumerated Types Array with Enumerated Type Subscript 7.8. Multidimensional Arrays Initialization of Multidimensional Arrays Arrays with Several Dimensions 7.9. Array Processing Illustrated Case Study: Summary of Hospital Revenue 7.10. Graphics Programs with Arrays (Optional) Drawing a Polygon Program Style: Using an Array of Characters to Store a Prompt Generating Random Numbers Seeding the Random Number Generator Drawing a Grid 7.11. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 8: Strings 8.1. String Basics Declaring and Initializing String Variables Arrays of Strings Input/Output with printf and scanf 8.2. String Library Functions: Assignment and Substrings String Assignment Substrings 8.3. Longer Strings: Concatenation and Whole-Line Input Concatenation Distinction Between Characters and Strings Scanning a Full Line 8.4. String Comparison C in Focus: Defensive Programming 8.5. Arrays of Pointers Arrays of String Constants 8.6. Character Operations Character Input/Output Character Analysis and Conversion 8.7. String-to-Number and Number-to-String Conversions 8.8. String Processing Illustrated Case Study: Text Editor 8.9. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 9: Recursion 9.1. The Nature of Recursion 9.2. Tracing a Recursive Function Tracing a Recursive Function That Returns a Value Tracing a void Function That Is Recursive Parameter and Local Variable Stacks Implementation of Parameter Stacks in C When and How to Trace Recursive Functions 9.3. Recursive Mathematical Functions 9.4. Recursive Functions with Array and String Parameters Case Study: Finding Capital Letters in a String Case Study: Recursive Selection Sort 9.5. Problem Solving with Recursion Case Study: Operations on Sets 9.6. A Classic Case Study in Recursion: Towers of Hanoi Comparison of Iterative and Recursive Functions 9.7. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 10: Structure and Union Types 10.1. User-Defined Structure Types Structure Type Definition Manipulating Individual Components of a Structured Data Object Review of Operator Precedence Manipulating Whole Structures Program Style: Naming Convention for Types 10.2. Structure Type Data as Input and Output Parameters 10.3. Functions Whose Result Values Are Structured C in Focus: Evolving Standards 10.4. Problem Solving with Structure Types Case Study: A User-Defined Type for Complex Numbers 10.5. Parallel Arrays and Arrays of Structures Parallel Arrays Declaring an Array of Structures Case Study: Universal Measurement Conversion 10.6. Union Types (Optional) 10.7. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 11: Text and Binary File Pointers 11.1. Input/Output Files: Review and Further Study The Keyboard and Screen as Text Streams Newline and EOF Escape Sequences Formatting Output with printf File Pointer Variables Functions That Take File Pointer Arguments Closing a File 11.2. Binary Files 11.3. Searching a Database Case Study: Database Inquiry 11.4. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 12: Programming in the Large 12.1. Using Abstraction to Manage Complexity Procedural Abstraction Data Abstraction Information Hiding Reusable Code 12.2. Personal Libraries: Header Files Header Files Cautionary Notes for Header File Design 12.3. Personal Libraries: Implementation Files Using a Personal Library 12.4. Storage Classes Global Variables Storage Classes static and register 12.5. Modifying Functions for Inclusion in a Library 12.6. Conditional Compilation 12.7. Arguments to Function main 12.8. Defining Macros with Parameters Use of Parentheses in Macro Body Extending a Macro over Two or More Lines 12.9. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Chapter 13: Pointers and Dynamic Data Structures 13.1. Pointers Pointers as Function Parameters Pointers Representing Functions Pointers Representing Arrays and Strings Pointers to Structures Summary of Pointer Uses 13.2. Dynamic Memory Allocation Accessing a Component of a Dynamically Allocated Structure Dynamic Array Allocation with calloc Returning Cells to the Heap 13.3. Linked Lists Structures with Pointer Components Connecting Nodes Advantages of Linked Lists 13.4. Linked List Operators Traversing a List Getting an Input List Searching a List for a Target Avoid Following a NULL Pointer 13.5. Representing a Stack with a Linked List 13.6. Representing a Queue with a Linked List 13.7. Ordered Lists Case Study: Maintaining an Ordered List of Integers 13.8. Binary Trees Binary Search Tree Searching a Binary Search Tree Building a Binary Search Tree Displaying a Binary Search Tree C in Focus: Vivo 320 Videoconferencing from Your PC 13.9. Common Programming Errors Chapter Review Appendix A: More About Pointers Pointer Arithmetic Appendix B: ANSI C: Standard Libraries Appendix C: C Operators Bitwise Operators Appendix D: Character Sets Appendix E: ANSI C: Reserved Words Glossary Index Back Cover