Single Organic Nanoparticles (NanoScience and Technology)

Written by experts in the field, this book describes advanced techniques for the chemical synthesis of functional organic nanoparticles and proposes new characterization and manipulation methods for single nanoparticles. Theoretical and experimental studies of the physical and chemical properties of organic particles, semiconductor particles and liquid droplets are reported. The text gives not only scientific details but also discusses the general and historical background, applications, and future perspectives. A clear interpretation of technical terms and concepts is included where necessary. The material for the book originates from the research activities of the collaboration project "Laser Chemistry of Single Organic Nanometer Particles" supported by the Ministry of Education, Science Sports and Culture of Japan. It is written primarily for graduate students, researchers and engineers. Front Matter....Pages I-XLIX Introduction....Pages 1-14 Front Matter....Pages 15-15 Reprecipitation Method for Organic Nanocrystals....Pages 17-31 Laser Ablation Method for Organic Nanoparticles....Pages 32-43 Synthesis of Functionalized Polymer Particles....Pages 44-53 Synthesis of Photosensitive Dendrimer Molecules....Pages 54-68 Front Matter....Pages 69-69 Electrodynamic Trap of Single Microparticles....Pages 71-81 Lasing Spectroscopy of Single Microspheres....Pages 82-93 Microspectroscopy of Single Nanoparticles....Pages 94-108 Force Measurement for a Single Nanoparticle....Pages 109-120 Laser Manipulation of Single Nanoparticles....Pages 121-131 Front Matter....Pages 133-133 Optical Spectrum of a Confined Exciton in a Sphere: A Prototype of Advanced Analyses....Pages 135-146 Optical Manipulation of Single Nanoparticles Under a Resonance Condition....Pages 147-155 Low-Dimensional Excitons in Aromatic Nanoparticles....Pages 156-166 Front Matter....Pages 167-167 Optical Properties of Polymer Nanocrystals....Pages 169-184 Photophysics of Capped Nanocrystals and Molecular J-Aggregates....Pages 185-202 Near-field Microspectroscopy and Microprocessing of Individual Perylene Microcrystals....Pages 203-212 Photochemical Dynamics of Fullerene Nanoparticles....Pages 213-224 Structural Relaxation of Dendrimers and Polymer Nanoparticles with Single Chromophores....Pages 225-240 Photophysical Properties of Semiconductor Nanocrystals....Pages 241-252 Electronic States of Chemically Modified CdS Nanoparticles....Pages 253-264 Front Matter....Pages 265-265 Photoredox Chemistry of Single Microdroplets in Water....Pages 267-284 Raman Spectroscopy of a Single Microdroplet....Pages 285-296 Picoliter Droplets for Single-Particle and Single-Molecule Imaging....Pages 297-308 Auto-Oscillated Vibration of Single Oil Droplets....Pages 309-317 Front Matter....Pages 319-319 Photon-Force Controlled Molecular Assembling in Solution....Pages 321-340 Spectroscopic Analysis of Single Microparticles Under Solution-Flow Conditions....Pages 341-355 Stimulus—Responsive Polymer Nanoparticles....Pages 356-368 Photonic Band Properties of Ordered Nanoparticle Layers....Pages 369-381 Particle-Based Optical Devices....Pages 382-396 Back Matter....Pages 397-402 This book summarizes recent scientific results on organic nanoparticles in view of the observation, measurement, and manipulation of single particles. This approach makes it possible to extract the nature of organic nanopar­ ticles without considering the averaged information ofthe nanoparticles over distributions of size, shape, inner structure, and environment. It is based on recent progress in laser, microscope, and optical detection systems. Various kinds of new methodology, theory, analysis, and preparation of organic na­ noparticles have been developed and applied. Novel phenomena, properties, characteristics, and functionality have been explored and revealed. Such stu­ dies on the chemistry and physics ofnanoparticles is bridging our gaps in the understanding of single molecules, atoms, and bulk materials. Molecular pictures are particularly useful for predicting, explaining, and designing the the physical and chemical properties of organic nanoparticles. This is especially the case in light of the availability of more than 15 million kinds of molecules for synthesis. This approach is opening new aspects of nanoscience and nanotechnology which can never be attained by studies on nanoparticles of metals and semiconductors. Experts describe advanced techniques for the chemical synthesis of functional organic nanoparticles and propose new methods for the characterization and manipulation of single nanoparticles. Theoretical and experimental studies of the physical and chemical properties of organic particles, semiconductor particles and liquid droplets are reported. The text gives not only scientific details but also general and historical background, applications, and future perspectives. Lucid explanations of technical terms and concepts are included where necessary. Deals with the synthesis and characterization of organic nanoparticles. This book details advanced techniques for the chemical synthesis of functional organic nanoparticles and proposes various methods for the characterization and manipulation for single nanoparticles. It is suitable for researchers, materials scientists, and advanced students.