Smart Cameras

Smart Cameras Edited by: Ahmed Nabil Belbachir Although there are many "definitions" of smart cameras offered by the media, camera manufacturers and developers, still no binding definition exists. For the purpose of this book, a smart camera is defined as a vision system which, in addition to image capture circuitry, is capable of extracting application-specific information from the captured images, along with generating event descriptions or making decisions that are used in an intelligent and automated system. This book provides a single-source reference, with content from several disparate scientific, technological and commercial aspects related to smart cameras: photoreceptors, pixels, signal processing, image sensor architectures, embedded systems, computer vision, sensor networks, applications of smart cameras and market trends. It provides background information, fundamentals, and an overview of the historical evolution, applications and the latest trends in intelligent camera concepts for professionals, researchers and practitioners. * Provides information on smart cameras for an interdisciplinary audience (embedded systems; image processing; camera technology) of professionals, practitioners and students; * Integrates coverage of hardware electronics, signal processing, embedded computing, computer vision, sensor networks and smart camera applications in surveillance, machine vision and the automotive industry; * Includes an analysis of the smart camera market evolution, based on interviews with market leaders. Front Matter....Pages i-xvi Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Smart Cameras: A Historical Evolution....Pages 3-17 Smart Cameras: Fundamentals and Classification....Pages 19-34 Smart Cameras: Technologies and Applications....Pages 35-50 Front Matter....Pages 51-51 Detectors, Pixels, and Signal Processing....Pages 53-79 Image Sensor Architectures....Pages 81-96 Front Matter....Pages 97-97 Embedded Vision Challenges....Pages 99-117 High-Performance Smart Cameras....Pages 119-135 Embedded Stereo Vision....Pages 137-157 Front Matter....Pages 159-159 Self-Calibrating Cameras in Video Surveillance....Pages 161-179 Change Detection for Object Segmentation....Pages 181-198 Object Tracking on Embedded Hardware....Pages 199-223 Front Matter....Pages 225-225 Designing a Wireless Smart Camera with a High-Performance Vision System....Pages 227-244 Automatic Geo-registration and Inter-Sensor Calibration in Large Sensor Networks....Pages 245-257 Application Development and Management of Smart Camera Networks....Pages 259-266 Stereo Vision in a Network of Co-operative Cameras....Pages 267-280 Front Matter....Pages 281-281 Smart Cameras for Machine Vision....Pages 283-303 Smart Cameras for Visual Surveillance....Pages 305-318 Camera-Based Automotive Systems....Pages 319-338 Front Matter....Pages 339-339 Market Demands and Analysis....Pages 341-355 Front Matter....Pages 357-357 Future Directions of Smart Cameras....Pages 359-364 Back Matter....Pages 1-39 Annotation A smart camera is an integrated machine vision system which, in addition to image capture circuitry, includes a processor, which can extract information from images without need for an external processing unit, and interface devices used to make results available to other devices. This book provides content on smart cameras for an interdisciplinary audience of professionals and students in embedded systems, image processing, and camera technology. It serves as a self-contained, single-source reference for material otherwise found only in sources such as conference proceedings, journal articles, or product data sheets. Coverage includes the 50 year chronology of smart cameras, their technical evolution, the state-of-the art, and numerous applications, such as surveillance and monitoring, robotics, and transportation