Solid Waste-Based Materials for Environmental Remediation

This book provides a multifaceted examination of solid waste management methods, the preparation, properties, and application of solid waste materials in the remediation of various environmental media, as well as the combination of solid waste materials and artificial intelligence.Based on the latest research results and cutting-edge technologies from around the world, the contributors combine the design principles of solid waste materials with application examples, including a complete system, clear routes, and illustrations. They integrate the idea of ecological civilization, the concept of sustainable development, and engineering innovation thinking, providing a reliable reference for resource recycling and contributing to global low-carbon emission.The book is suitable for teachers and students, as well as researchers, industrial technicians, and managers involved in solid waste resources and environmental remediation. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents List of Contributors Chapter 1 Intelligent Classification and Management of Solid Waste 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Intelligent Technology 1.3 Application of Intelligent Technology in Solid Waste Classification and Management 1.3.1 Waste Generation 1.3.1.1 Time Scales 1.3.1.2 Sociocultural Variables 1.3.1.3 Economic Variables 1.3.1.4 Waste Sources 1.3.1.5 Environmental Variables 1.3.2 Waste Collection and Transportation 1.3.2.1 Collection 1.3.2.2 Transportation Vehicle Routing 1.3.2.3 Transportation Route Optimization 1.3.3 Waste Sorting 1.3.4 Waste Characterization 1.3.5 Waste Disposal and Recycling 1.3.5.1 Sanitary Landfill 1.3.5.2 Incineration, Gasification and Pyrolysis 1.3.5.3 Composting 1.3.5.4 Anaerobic Digestion 1.3.6 Challenges 1.4 Conclusion References Chapter 2 Preparation Methods of Solid Waste-Based Materials 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Pretreatment of Solid Waste 2.3 Preparation of Solid Waste-Based Materials 2.3.1 Conventional Pyrolysis 2.3.2 Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis 2.3.3 Hydrothermal Carbonization 2.3.4 Ionothermal Carbonization 2.4 Modification of Solid Waste-Based Materials 2.4.1 Acid-Base Treatment 2.4.2 Non-Metal Loading 2.4.3 Metal Loading 2.5 Conclusion References Chapter 3 Application in Solid Waste Disposal 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Application of Biochar in Catalytic Pyrolysis 3.2.1 Biochar-Catalysed Biomass Pyrolysis 3.2.2 Biochar-Catalysed Polymers Pyrolysis 3.2.3 Biochar-Catalysed Pyrolysis of Other Solid Waste 3.3 Gasification 3.3.1 Biomass Gasification Enhanced By In-Situ Solid Waste-Based Catalysts 3.3.1.1 Biomass Char/Ash as In-Situ Catalysts 3.3.1.2 Other Solid Waste-Based Catalysts 3.3.2 Tar Removal With the Application of Solid Waste-Based Materials 3.3.2.1 Absorption of Tar By Solid Waste 3.3.2.2 Cracking/Reforming of Tar By Solid Waste-Based Catalysts 3.4 Anaerobic Digestion 3.4.1 Biochar 3.4.1.1 Biochar Sources 3.4.1.2 Carbonization Method of Biochar 3.4.1.3 Efficiency 3.4.1.4 Mechanism of Action 3.4.2 Carbon-Based Composite Materials, Biochar-MOF Materials 3.4.2.1 Application of Biochar in Anaerobic Fermentation 3.5 Composting 3.5.1 Biochar 3.5.1.1 The Impact of Biochar On Compost Maturity 3.5.1.2 The Impact of Biochar On Composting Temperature 3.5.1.3 The Impact of Biochar On Other Elements in Compost 3.5.1.4 The Impact of Biochar On Heavy Metals in Compost 3.5.1.5 The Effect of Biochar On Organic Pollutants in Compost 3.5.1.6 The Influence of Biochar On Gas Emissions in Composting 3.5.1.7 The Impact of Biochar On Microorganisms in Composting 3.5.1.8 The Influence of Biochar On Humic Substances in Compost Products 3.5.1.9 The Impact of Co-Adding Biochar With Other Materials On Composting 3.5.2 Phosphogypsum and Calcium Phosphate 3.5.3 Mature Compost 3.5.4 Soybean Dregs 3.6 Hydrothermal Treatment 3.6.1 Biomass Hydrothermal Treatment Enhanced By Solid Waste-Based Materials 3.6.1.1 Biochar-Based Materials Catalysed Hydrothermal Treatment 3.6.1.2 Other Solid Waste-Based Catalysed Hydrothermal Treatment 3.6.2 Hydrothermal Products Enhanced By Solid Waste-Based Materials 3.6.2.1 Bio-Oil Production Enhanced By Solid Waste-Based Materials 3.6.2.2 Hydrochar Production Enhanced By Solid Waste-Based Materials 3.7 Conclusion References Chapter 4 Application in Water Treatment 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Adsorption 4.2.1 Adsorbent Materials 4.2.2 Adsorption Operation Mode 4.2.3 Application Field 4.2.3.1 Heavy Metals Adsorption 4.2.3.2 Dye Adsorption 4.2.3.3 Other Organics Adsorption 4.2.3.4 Emerging Contaminant Adsorption 4.2.4 Adsorption Mechanism 4.2.4.1 Physical Adsorption 4.2.4.2 Chemical Adsorption 4.3 Advanced Oxidation Processes 4.3.1 Fenton-Like Oxidation 4.3.1.1 Performance and Influencing Factors 4.3.1.2 Application Field 4.3.1.3 Degradation Mechanism 4.3.2 Ozone Catalytic Oxidation 4.3.2.1 Performance and Influencing Factors 4.3.3 Applications in Wastewater Treatment 4.3.3.1 Mechanism Summary 4.3.4 Photocatalytic Oxidation 4.3.5 Electrocatalytic Oxidation 4.3.5.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Solid Waste-Based Materials in EO Systems 4.3.5.2 Influence Factors in an EO-SWM System for Wastewater Treatment 4.3.5.3 Application of the EO-SWM System 4.3.5.4 Mechanism in an EO-SWM System for Wastewater Treatment 4.4 Conclusion References Chapter 5 Application in Contaminated Soil Remediation 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Adsorption/Passivation 5.2.1 Pollutant Adsorption Mechanism On Solid Waste-Based Materials in Soil 5.2.2 Effect of Solid Waste-Based Materials On Adsorption of Soil Contaminants 5.2.3 Current Status and Development Trends of Solid Waste-Based Materials for Adsorption of Contaminants in Soil 5.3 Catalytic Oxidation 5.3.1 Catalytic Oxidation Mechanism 5.3.2 Solid Waste-Based Materials for Catalytic Oxidation 5.3.3 Solid Waste-Based Materials in Catalytic Oxidation 5.3.4 Improvement of Catalytic Oxidation 5.4 Catalytic Reduction 5.4.1 Mechanism of Catalytic Reduction 5.4.2 Solid Waste-Based Materials for Catalytic Reduction 5.4.3 Material Properties and Evaluation of Solid Waste-Based Materials 5.4.4 Improvement of Catalytic Reduction 5.5 Conclusion References Chapter 6 Application in Air Pollution Control 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Adsorption 6.2.1 Overview 6.2.1.1 Basic Concepts and Principles 6.2.1.2 The Kinetic Models 6.2.1.3 The Adsorption Thermodynamic Models 6.2.1.4 The Adsorption Isotherm Models 6.2.2 CO 2 6.2.2.1 Biochar 6.2.2.2 Steel Slag 6.2.3 SO 2 6.2.3.1 Fly Ash 6.2.3.2 Calcium Carbide Slag 6.2.4 VOCs 6.2.4.1 Fly Ash Based Zeolite 6.2.4.2 Biochar 6.2.5 Other Gaseous Pollutants 6.3 Catalytic Reduction 6.3.1 NO x 6.3.1.1 Blast Furnace Slag 6.3.1.2 Red Mud 6.3.1.3 Silica Fume 6.3.1.4 Fly Ash 6.3.2 CO 2 6.3.2.1 Pulverized Coal 6.3.2.2 BFS 6.3.2.3 UGSO 6.3.2.4 Fly Ash 6.3.2.5 LHA 6.4 Catalytic Oxidation 6.4.1 NO/SO 2 6.4.1.1 Fly Ash 6.4.1.2 Red Mud 6.4.1.3 Steel Slag 6.4.2 H 2 S 6.4.2.1 Blast Furnace Slag 6.4.2.2 Fly Ash 6.4.3 VOCs 6.4.3.1 Fly Ash 6.4.3.2 Red Mud 6.4.3.3 Steel Slag 6.5 Catalysed Hydrolysis 6.5.1 VOCs 6.5.2 COS 6.6 Summary and Outlooks References Chapter 7 Combination of Artificial Intelligence and Solid Waste-Based Materials 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Structuring of Solid Waste-Based Material 7.2.1 Recycled Structural Materials 7.2.2 Recycled Functional Materials 7.3 Effectiveness of Solid Waste-Based Material 7.3.1 Physical Properties 7.3.2 Adsorption 7.3.3 Catalysis Activity 7.4 Relationship Model Between Structure and Effect of Solid Waste-Based Materials 7.4.1 Decision-Tree Modelling 7.4.2 Genetic Algorithm Coupled With Back Propagation Neural Network Modelling 7.4.3 Graph Neural Networks Modelling 7.5 Predictions for the Future of Solid Waste-Based Materials 7.5.1 Source and Collection 7.5.2 Potential Reformation On Structure and Function 7.5.3 The Roles of AI-Based Technologies in Solid Waste-Based Materials 7.6 Conclusion References This book provides a multifaceted examination of solid waste management methods, the preparation, properties, and application of solid waste materials in the remediation of various environmental media, as well as the combination of solid waste materials and artificial intelligence. Based on the latest research results and cutting-edge technologies from around the world, the contributors combine the design principles of solid waste materials with application examples, including a complete system, clear routes, and illustrations. They integrate the idea of ecological civilization, the concept of sustainable development, and engineering innovation thinking, providing a reliable reference for resource recycling and contributing to global low-carbon emission. The book is suitable for teachers, students, as well as researchers, industrial technicians, and managers involved in solid waste resources and environmental remediation.