SPSS Amos 7.0 User's Guide

Statistical data analysis package for the social sciences. Includes basic and advanced statistical routines, data management, plots, graphs, conjoint, correspondence, and stime series analysis routines and presentation tables. AmosTM 7.0 User's Guide......Page 1 Table of Contents......Page 3 1 Introduction......Page 19 Featured Methods......Page 20 About the Examples......Page 21 Other Sources of Information......Page 22 Acknowledgments......Page 23 Ordered-Categorical Data......Page 25 Data Imputation for Ordered-Categorical and Censored Data......Page 26 No Bayesian Prerequisites......Page 27 Introduction......Page 29 About the Data......Page 30 Launching Amos Graphics......Page 31 Creating a New Model......Page 32 Specifying the Model and Drawing Variables......Page 33 Naming the Variables......Page 34 Drawing Arrows......Page 35 Constraining a Parameter......Page 36 To Delete an Object......Page 37 Setting Up Optional Output......Page 38 To View Text Output......Page 40 To View Graphics Output......Page 41 Printing the Path Diagram......Page 42 Copying Text Output......Page 43 About the Data......Page 45 Bringing In the Data......Page 46 Specifying the Model......Page 47 Naming the Variables......Page 48 Establishing Covariances......Page 49 Viewing Graphics Output......Page 50 Viewing Text Output......Page 51 Calculating Standardized Estimates......Page 55 Viewing Correlation Estimates as Text Output......Page 56 Distribution Assumptions for Amos Models......Page 57 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 58 Modeling in C#......Page 61 Other Program Development Tools......Page 62 Parameters Constraints......Page 63 Constraining Variances......Page 64 Specifying Equal Parameters......Page 65 Constraining Covariances......Page 66 Moving and Formatting Objects......Page 67 Data Input......Page 68 Viewing Text Output......Page 69 Optional Output......Page 70 Covariance Matrix Estimates......Page 71 Labeling Output......Page 73 Hypothesis Testing......Page 74 Displaying Chi-Square Statistics on the Path Diagram......Page 75 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 77 Timing Is Everything......Page 79 Bringing In the Data......Page 81 Specifying the Model......Page 82 Viewing Text Output......Page 84 Viewing Graphics Output......Page 85 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 87 About the Data......Page 89 Analysis of the Data......Page 90 Specifying the Model......Page 91 Fixing Regression Weights......Page 92 Viewing the Text Output......Page 94 Viewing Graphics Output......Page 96 Viewing Additional Text Output......Page 97 Assumptions about Correlations among Exogenous Variables......Page 99 Equation Format for the AStructure Method......Page 100 About the Data......Page 103 Measurement Model......Page 105 Structural Model......Page 106 Specifying the Model......Page 107 Changing the Orientation of the Drawing Area......Page 108 Creating the Path Diagram......Page 109 Duplicating Measurement Models......Page 110 Results for Model A......Page 112 Model B......Page 115 Results for Model B......Page 116 Testing Model B against Model A......Page 118 Model A......Page 120 Model B......Page 121 About the Data......Page 123 Specifying the Model......Page 124 Results of the Analysis......Page 125 Dealing with Rejection......Page 126 Using Modification Indices......Page 127 Changing the Modification Index Threshold......Page 128 Model B for the Wheaton Data......Page 129 Text Output......Page 130 Graphics Output for Model B......Page 131 Calculating Critical Ratios......Page 132 Results for Model C......Page 136 Parameter Estimates for Model C......Page 137 Multiple Models in a Single Analysis......Page 138 Viewing Fit Statistics for All Four Models......Page 141 Obtaining Optional Output......Page 143 Obtaining Tables of Indirect, Direct, and Total Effects......Page 144 Model A......Page 145 Model B......Page 146 Model C......Page 147 Fitting Multiple Models......Page 148 About the Data......Page 151 Felson and Bohrnstedt’s Model......Page 152 Text Output......Page 153 Obtaining Squared Multiple Correlations......Page 155 Graphics Output......Page 156 Stability Index......Page 157 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 158 About the Data......Page 159 A Common Factor Model......Page 160 Identification......Page 161 Drawing the Model......Page 162 Results of the Analysis......Page 163 Obtaining Standardized Estimates......Page 164 Viewing Standardized Estimates......Page 165 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 166 Analysis of Covariance and Its Alternative......Page 167 About the Data......Page 168 Model A for the Olsson Data......Page 169 Identification......Page 170 Requesting Modification Indices......Page 171 Results for Model B......Page 173 Model C for the Olsson Data......Page 175 Fitting All Models At Once......Page 176 Model B......Page 177 Model C......Page 178 Fitting Multiple Models......Page 179 Analysis of Several Groups......Page 181 Model A......Page 182 Specifying Model A......Page 183 Text Output......Page 188 Graphics Output......Page 189 Model B......Page 190 Text Output......Page 192 Model A......Page 193 Model B......Page 194 Multiple Model Input......Page 195 About the Data......Page 197 Specifying a Figure Caption......Page 198 Text Output for Model A......Page 201 Graphics Output for Model A......Page 203 Model B for Girls and Boys......Page 204 Text Output......Page 206 Graphics Output......Page 209 Model C for Girls and Boys......Page 210 Results for Model C......Page 213 Model A......Page 214 Model C......Page 215 Fitting Multiple Models......Page 216 About the Data......Page 217 Naming the Groups......Page 218 Specifying the Data......Page 219 Text Output......Page 220 Graphics Output......Page 221 Model B for the Holzinger and Swineford Boys and Girls......Page 222 Text Output......Page 224 Graphics Output......Page 225 Model A......Page 228 Model B......Page 229 Means and Intercept Modeling......Page 231 Mean Structure Modeling in Amos Graphics......Page 232 Text Output......Page 234 Model B for Young and Old Subjects......Page 236 Multiple Model Input......Page 238 Model A......Page 239 Model B......Page 240 Fitting Multiple Models......Page 241 Assumptions Made by Amos......Page 243 Specifying the Model......Page 244 Text Output......Page 245 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 247 Factor Means......Page 251 Specifying the Model......Page 252 Understanding the Cross-Group Constraints......Page 254 Graphics Output......Page 255 Model B for Boys and Girls......Page 257 Comparing Models A and B......Page 259 Model A......Page 260 Model B......Page 261 Fitting Multiple Models......Page 262 Assumptions......Page 263 About the Data......Page 264 Specifying the Model......Page 265 Text Output......Page 267 Model B......Page 269 Results for Model B......Page 271 Model C......Page 272 Results for Model C......Page 273 Model D......Page 274 Results for Model D......Page 275 Fitting Models A Through E in a Single Analysis......Page 277 Modeling in Amos Graphics......Page 278 Model Y......Page 279 Results for Model Y......Page 281 Model Z......Page 282 Results for Model Z......Page 283 Model A......Page 284 Model B......Page 285 Model C......Page 286 Model D......Page 287 Model E......Page 288 Fitting Multiple Models......Page 289 Models X, Y, and Z......Page 290 Incomplete Data......Page 291 About the Data......Page 292 Specifying the Model......Page 293 Saturated and Independence Models......Page 294 Text Output......Page 295 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 297 Fitting the Factor Model (Model A)......Page 298 Fitting the Saturated Model (Model B)......Page 299 Computing the Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square Statistic and P......Page 303 Performing All Steps with One Program......Page 304 Missing Data......Page 305 About the Data......Page 306 Model A......Page 307 Text Output......Page 309 Model B......Page 312 Output from Models A and B......Page 313 Model A......Page 314 Model B......Page 315 The Bootstrap Method......Page 317 A Factor Analysis Model......Page 318 Results of the Analysis......Page 319 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 323 Bootstrap Approach to Model Comparison......Page 325 Five Models......Page 326 Text Output......Page 330 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 332 Estimation Methods......Page 333 About the Model......Page 334 Text Output......Page 337 Modeling in VB.NET......Page 340 About the Model......Page 341 Specifying the Model......Page 342 Selecting Program Options......Page 344 Performing the Specification Search......Page 345 Viewing Generated Models......Page 346 Viewing Parameter Estimates for a Model......Page 347 Using BCC to Compare Models......Page 348 Viewing the Akaike Weights......Page 349 Using BIC to Compare Models......Page 350 Using Bayes Factors to Compare Models......Page 351 Rescaling the Bayes Factors......Page 353 Examining the Short List of Models......Page 354 Viewing a Scatterplot of Fit and Complexity......Page 355 Adjusting the Line Representing Constant Fit......Page 357 Viewing the Line Representing Constant C - df......Page 358 Adjusting the Line Representing Constant C - df......Page 359 Viewing the Best-Fit Graph for C......Page 360 Viewing the Best-Fit Graph for Other Fit Measures......Page 361 Viewing the Scree Plot for C......Page 362 Viewing the Scree Plot for Other Fit Measures......Page 364 Specification Search with Many Optional Arrows......Page 366 Setting Options to Their Defaults......Page 367 Performing the Specification Search......Page 368 Using BIC to Compare Models......Page 369 Limitations......Page 370 About the Model......Page 371 Opening the Specification Search Window......Page 372 Setting Options to Their Defaults......Page 373 Performing the Specification Search......Page 375 Using BCC to Compare Models......Page 376 Viewing the Short List of Models......Page 379 Heuristic Specification Search......Page 380 Performing a Stepwise Search......Page 381 Viewing the Scree Plot......Page 382 Limitations of Heuristic Specification Searches......Page 383 Model 24a: Modeling without Means and Intercepts......Page 385 Opening the Multiple-Group Analysis Dialog Box......Page 386 Viewing the Parameter Subsets......Page 388 Viewing the Generated Models......Page 389 Fitting All the Models and Viewing the Output......Page 390 Customizing the Analysis......Page 391 Specifying the Model......Page 392 Removing Constraints......Page 393 Generating the Cross-Group Constraints......Page 394 Fitting the Models......Page 395 Viewing the Output......Page 396 About the Model......Page 399 Constraining the Latent Variable Means and Intercepts......Page 400 Generating Cross-Group Constraints......Page 401 Viewing the Text Output......Page 403 Examining the Modification Indices......Page 404 Modifying the Model and Repeating the Analysis......Page 405 Bayesian Estimation......Page 407 Selecting Priors......Page 409 Estimating the Covariance......Page 410 Results of Maximum Likelihood Analysis......Page 411 Bayesian Analysis......Page 412 Examining the Current Seed......Page 414 Changing the Current Seed......Page 415 Changing the Refresh Options......Page 417 Assessing Convergence......Page 418 Diagnostic Plots......Page 420 Bivariate Marginal Posterior Plots......Page 426 Changing the Confidence Level......Page 429 Learning More about Bayesian Estimation......Page 430 More about Bayesian Estimation......Page 431 About the Data......Page 432 Fitting a Model by Maximum Likelihood......Page 433 Changing the Number of Burn-In Observations......Page 434 The Wheaton Data Revisited......Page 445 Indirect Effects......Page 446 Estimating Indirect Effects......Page 447 Bayesian Analysis of Model C......Page 449 Additional Estimands......Page 450 Inferences about Indirect Effects......Page 453 The Stability of the Alienation Model......Page 459 Numeric Custom Estimands......Page 465 Dragging and Dropping......Page 469 Defining a Dichotomous Estimand......Page 479 About the Example......Page 483 Performing Multiple Data Imputation Using Amos Graphics......Page 484 Analyzing the Imputed Data Files Using SPSS......Page 491 Step 2: Ten Separate Analyses......Page 492 Step 3: Combining Results of Multiply Imputed Data Files......Page 493 Further Reading......Page 495 About the Data......Page 497 Analyzing the Data......Page 499 Performing a Regression Analysis......Page 500 Posterior Predictive Distributions......Page 503 Imputation......Page 506 General Inequality Constraints on Data Values......Page 510 About the Data......Page 511 Specifying the Data File......Page 513 Recoding the Data within Amos......Page 514 Specifying the Model......Page 522 Fitting the Model......Page 523 MCMC Diagnostics......Page 526 Posterior Predictive Distributions......Page 528 Posterior Predictive Distributions for Latent Variables......Page 533 Imputation......Page 538 A Notation......Page 543 B Discrepancy Functions......Page 545 C Measures of Fit......Page 549 DF......Page 550 P......Page 551 Rules of Thumb......Page 553 NCP......Page 554 RMSEA......Page 555 Rule of Thumb......Page 556 AIC......Page 557 BIC......Page 558 ECVI......Page 559 Comparisons to a Baseline Model......Page 560 NFI......Page 561 RFI......Page 562 TLI......Page 563 Parsimony Adjusted Measures......Page 564 GFI......Page 565 AGFI......Page 566 HOELTER......Page 567 RMR......Page 568 Selected List of Fit Measures......Page 569 D Numeric Diagnosis of Non-Identifiability......Page 571 E Using Fit Measures to Rank Models......Page 573 F Baseline Models for Descriptive Fit Measures......Page 577 Zero-Based Rescaling......Page 579 Akaike Weights and Bayes Factors (Sum = 1)......Page 580 Akaike Weights and Bayes Factors (Max = 1)......Page 581 Bibliography......Page 583 Index......Page 595 Family. SPSS -- SmartViewer -- Amos 7.0 -- Installation instructions -- SPSS Data Access Pack -- Python 2.4.3 -- SPSS-Python Intetration plug-in -- Microsoft.NET framework -- Dimensions Data Model -- DB data access -- Family manuals. Amos 7.0 users guide -- James L. Arbuckle GPL Reference Guide -- SPSS 15.0 Algorithms -- SPSS 15.0 command syntax reference -- SPSS Advanced Models 15.0 -- SPSS Base 15.0 Users Guide -- SPSS 15.0 Brief Guide -- SPSS Categories 14.0 -- Jacqueline J. Meulman, Willem J. Heiser SPSS Classification Trees 13.0 -- SPSS Complex Samples 15.0 -- SPSS Conjoint 14.0 -- SPSS Data Preparation 15.0 -- SPSS Exact Tests 7.0 for Windows -- Cyrus R. Mehta and Nitin R. Patel SPSS Maps 10.0 -- SPSS Missing Value Analysis 7.5 -- MaryAnn Hill SPSS Programming and Data Management, 3rd Edition -- Raynald Levesque SPSS Regression Models 13.0 -- SPSS Tables 14.0 -- SPSS Trends 14.0.