Null hypothesis (Ho) is the cardinal principle of equality in groups of objects orsubjects under study. It is the foundation of Statistical Science. The extent ofrejection of null hypothesis through statistical analysis validates our research orinference about group of subjects, objects, or standard operating procedures (SOPs)under study.Statistical analysis plays a vital role in material science, business analysis, sports,management, and biomedical research. A variety of books are available on statisticalanalysis for students of mathematics, commerce, and management, but not a singlebook is available for biomedical researchers and basic medical scientists who havenot studied mathematics at undergraduate level. I express my gratitude to Dr. PranabDey, Professor, Department of Cytology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, for encouragingme to write this book for biomedical researchers and basic medical scientists.This book has been written with a focus on the requirements of students ofvarious specialties of medical science, basic medical scientists, and health workers.Problems with solutions have been illustrated under various chapters for comprehensiveunderstanding of the statistical methods and their applications. I am of thedefinite view that this book would meet the requirements of students of medicine andbasic medical sciences. I adore the pioneers in the subject whose theories andmethods have been cited in this book and dedicate the book to the galaxy of pioneers. Front Matter ....Pages i-xv Introduction to Statistics (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 1-12 Collecting Statistical Data (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 13-16 Tabulated Presentation of Data (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 17-19 Diagrammatic Presentation of Data (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 21-25 Graphic Presentation of Data (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 27-31 Measures of Central Tendency (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 33-46 Measures of Dispersion (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 47-60 Correlation (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 61-68 Chi-Square Test (χ2 – Test) (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 69-79 Normal Curve and Sampling Distribution (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 81-84 Tests of Significance (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 85-93 Variance-Ratio Test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 95-109 Nonparametric Statistical Tests (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 111-126 Statistical Quality Control in Clinical Laboratories (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 127-138 Applications of Microsoft Excel in Statistical Methods (Charan Singh Rayat)....Pages 139-146 Back Matter ....Pages 147-158 This book covers all aspects of statistical methods in detail with applications. It presents solutions to the needs of post-graduate medical students, doctors and basic medical scientists for statistical evaluation of data. In present era, dependency on softwares for statistical analysis is eroding the basic understanding of the statistical methods and their applications. As a result, there are very few basic medical scientists capable of analyzing their research data due to lack of knowledge and ability. This book has been written in systematic way supported by figures and tables for basic understanding of various terms, definitions, formulae and applications of statistical methods with solved examples and graphic presentation of data to create interest in this mathematical science.
