Superconductivity : An Introduction

This book proposes a thorough introduction for a varied audience. The reader will master London theory and the Pippard equations, and go on to understand type I and type II superconductors (their thermodynamics, magnetic properties, vortex dynamics, current transport...), Cooper pairs and the results of BCS theory. By studying coherence and flux quantization he or she will be lead to the Josephson effect which, with the SQUID, is a good example of the applications. The reader can make up for any gaps in his knowledge with the use of the appendices, follow the logic behind each model, and assimilate completely the underlying concepts. Approximately 250 illustrations help in developing a thorough understanding. This volume is aimed towards masters and doctoral students, as well as advanced undergraduates, teachers and researchers at all levels coming from a broad range of subjects (chemistry, physics, mechanical and electrical engineering, materials science...). Engineers working in industry will have a useful introduction to other more applied or specialized material. **Philippe Mangin** is emeritus professor of physics at __Mines Nancy Graduate School of Science, Engineering and Management__ of the University of Lorraine, and researcher at the __Jean Lamour Institute__ in France. He is the former director of both the French neutron scattering facility, __Léon Brillouin Laboratory__ in Orsay, and the __Material Physics Laboratory__ in Nancy, and has taught superconductivity to a broad audience, in particular to engineering students. **Rémi Kahn** is a retired senior research scientist of the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA-Saclay). He worked at the __Léon Brillouin Laboratory__ and was in charge of the experimental areas of INB 101 (the Orphée research reactor). This work responded to the need to bring an accessible account suitable for a wide spectrum of scientists and engineers. This book proposes a thorough introduction for a varied audience. The reader will master London theory and the Pippard equations, and go on to understand type I and type II superconductors (their thermodynamics, magnetic properties, vortex dynamics, current transport ...), Cooper pairs and the results of BCS theory. By studying coherence and flux quantization he or she will be lead to the Josephson effect which, with the SQUID, is a good example of the applications. The reader can make up for any gaps in his knowledge with the use of the appendices, follow the logic behind each model, and assimilate completely the underlying concepts. Approximately 250 illustrations help in developing a thorough understanding. This volume is aimed towards masters and doctoral students, as well as advanced undergraduates, teachers and researchers at all levels coming from a broad range of subjects (chemistry, physics, mechanical and electrical engineering, materials science ...). Engineers working in industry will have a useful introduction to other more applied or specialized material. Philippe Mangin is emeritus professor of physics at Mines Nancy Graduate School of Science, Engineering and Management of the University of Lorraine, and researcher at the Jean Lamour Institute in France. He is the former director of both the French neutron scattering facility, Lǒn Brillouin Laboratory in Orsay, and the Material Physics Laboratory in Nancy, and has taught superconductivity to a broad audience, in particular to engineering students. Rm̌i Kahn is a retired senior research scientist of the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA-Saclay). He worked at the Lǒn Brillouin Laboratory and was in charge of the experimental areas of INB 101 (the Orphě research reactor). This work responded to the need to bring an accessible account suitable for a wide spectrum of scientists and engineers La 4e de couverture indique : "La supraconductivité fait rêver, surtout depuis la découverte de son existence à des températures relativement accessibles. Ses applications sont déjà notables (Imagerie par Résonance magnétique, futur ITER, NEUROSPIN, SQUID ...) et des projets plus futuristes se développent (transport de courant, train en lévitation, moteurs). Le lecteur pourra s'initier à la théorie de London et aux équations de Pippard, puis étudier les supraconducteurs de type I et de type II (thermodynamique, magnétisme, dynamique de vortex, transport de courant ...), les paires de Cooper et les résultats de la théorie BCS. L'étude de la cohérence et de la quantification du flux conduit à l'effet Josephson qui, avec le SQUID, est un bon exemple d'application. Le lecteur pourra combler certaines de ses lacunes grâce aux annexes, suivre le cheminement d'un modèle et s'approprier les concepts. Environ 250 illustrations en facilitent la compréhension. L'ouvrage est destiné aux étudiants de Master, de préparation aux CAPES et AGREG, aux thésards, et bien sûr aux enseignants, universitaires et chercheurs (chimistes, physiciens, électromécaniciens, spécialistes des matériaux ...). Les ingénieurs des entreprises disposeront d'une introduction précieuse pour comprendre d'autres ouvrages plus appliqués ou spécialisés." Front Matter....Pages I-XVI INTRODUCTION....Pages 1-12 LONDON THEORY....Pages 13-48 THE NON-LOCAL PIPPARD EQUATIONS....Pages 49-57 THERMODYNAMICS OF TYPE I SUPERCONDUCTORS....Pages 59-85 THE INTERMEDIATE STATE OF TYPE I SUPERCONDUCTORS....Pages 87-109 TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTORS....Pages 111-145 FIELDS AND CURRENTS IN TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTORS MODELS OF THE CRITICAL STATE....Pages 147-188 COOPER PAIRS—PRINCIPAL RESULTS OF BCS THEORY....Pages 189-224 COHERENCE AND THE FLUX QUANTUM....Pages 225-241 THE JOSEPHSON EFFECT....Pages 243-288 SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE “SQUID”....Pages 289-311 JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS IN A MAGNETIC FIELD....Pages 313-348 Back Matter....Pages 349-379