The Oskar Klein memorial lectures Volume 1

... the book should interest a wide audience of readers. The main lectures are good authoritative reviews of the field and are written in a non technical language. Physicists with a broad interest in cosmology and particle theory and also historians of science should find this book useful. The series of Oskar Klein Memorial Lectures is a must-read for those keenly involved or simply interested in exploring the many fascinating aspects of Physics. This volume presents two landmark lectures given by Hans Bethe in October 1990 and Alan H. Guth in June 1991 under the series of Oskar Klein Memorial Lectures. Hans Bethe's lectures dealt with two themes: the astrophysical importance of neutrinos in supernova outbursts and a theoretical account of neutrinos through observations of the neutrino flux from the centre of the sun. Anyone interested in understanding the processes involved in the collapse and explosion of a large star would certainly find this book enlightening. Alan H. Guth's lecture dealt with the various aspects of the origin of the universe — a topic which never fails to intrigue. The originator of the inflation scenario for the Big Bang theory, Guth has included his latest observations on the COBE satellite and their theoretical interpretation in this lecture. Anyone wishing to grasp the essentials of these ideas, will find in Guth's lecture a wealth of knowledge. This volume also presents for the first time in English the original derivation of the Klein-Nishima formula for Compton scattering and an account of the “Klein Paradox”. A special study reveals interesting facts on the callaboration between Oskar Klein and Yoshio Nishima in 1928 and further, surprising facts on the treatment by the Nobel Committee for Physics of the prize to A H Compton in 1927. Some translated autobiographic texts have also been included to acquaint the reader with Klein's interest in cosmology and his attempts to find the driving force behind the expanding system of galaxies, what Klein termed the Meta-galaxy. With Translated Reprints by O KleinThe Oskar Klein Memorial Lectures, instituted in 1988 and supported by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences through its Nobel Committee for Physics, are given at Stockholm University in Sweden, where Oskar Klein was professor in Theoretical Physics 1930-1962.Volume 1 contains the 1988 lectures on “Symmetry and Physics” and “From the Bethe-Hulthén Hypothesis to the Yang-Baxter Equation,” given by C N Yang, Nobel Prize winner (1957) and professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. The 1989 lectures on “Beyond the Standard Models,” referring to models for cosmology and elementary particles, and on “Precision Tests of Quantum Mechanics” were given by Steven Weinberg, Nobel Prize winner (1979) and professor at the University of Texas at Austin. The volume also contains translations of some of Klein's original papers, one on intermediate charged fields (original in French, 1938), another on five-dimensional quantum theory (”Kaluza-Klein theory,” original in German, 1926). A scientific biography of Klein, written by Professors I. Fischer- Hjalmars and B Laurent, who both knew Klein well, is included as well as an autobiography by Klein. This is a collection of lectures given by some of the most prominent theoretical physicists of today. In a form designed to be accessible to the interested general physicist, the book covers topics ranging from the use of field-theoretical methods in different contexts via duality symmetries between various field theories to the Ads/CFT correspondence and cosmology. The book should be of interest to researchers and graduate students in high-energy physics, theoretical physics, astrophysics, cosmology and the history of physics This is an invaluable collection of colloquium-type lectures given by some of the most prominent theoretical physicists of today. In a form accessible to the interested general physicist, it covers topics ranging from the use of field-theoretical methods in different contexts via duality symmetries between various field theories, to the Ads/CFT correspondence and cosmology. v. 1. Lectures by C.N. Yang and S. Weinberg with translated reprints by O. Klein / editor, Gösta Ekspong v. 2. Lectures by Hans A. Bethe and Alan H. Guth with translated reprints by Oskar Klein / editor, Gösta Ekspong v. 3. [without special title] / editors, Lars Bergström & Ulf Lindström Contains lectures by Nobel prize winners Chen Ning Yang and Steven Weinburg on theoretical physics, delivered in 1988 and 1989 at the U. of Stockholm. Also includes scientific papers by theoretical physicist Klein (1894-1977). It is a pleasure and an honor for me to give ths lecture in honor of Oscar Klein who made major contributions to field theory, quantum electrodynamcis and particle physics, including weak interactions. Symmetry and physics. Precision tests of quantum mechanics. Quantum theory and fivecrelativity theory. The atomicity of electricity as a quantum theory law