Visual Metaphors (Benjamins Current Topics)

"Whenever we think about the world - including its concrete and abstract entities - we typically see a series of so-called mental images in front of our eyes that aid us in everyday problem solving and navigating ourselves in the world. Visual metaphors, similarly to their linguistic counterparts, largely build on such images. Nevertheless, the interplay of metaphorical/metonymical text and imagery is not necessarily (and not usually) straightforward and raises complex theoretical and methodological questions. The eleven chapters in this collection address a wide range of such challenges, such as what are visual metaphors in the first place; how can they be identified; what is their relationship to linguistic metaphors, what are their most common manifestations; what knowledge structures are required for their interpretation, and how do they interact with metonymies. The studies cut across linguistics, politics, philosophy, poetry, art and history - highlighting the ubiquitous role that visual metaphor plays in everyday life and conceptualizations. Originally published as special issue of Cognitive Linguistic Studies 7:1 (2020)"-- Provided by publisher Visual Metaphors Editorial page Title page Copyright page Table of contents From verbality to visuality References Theories of visual and linguistic metaphor Visual metaphor in extended conceptual metaphor theory 1.Introduction 2.Two kinds of visual metaphors 2.1Correlation-based visual metaphors in the real world 2.2Resemblance-based visual metaphors in the real world 3.How some new extensions of CMT apply to visual metaphors 3.1Extended CMT and the analysis of a painting 3.1.1Complex abstract system 3.1.2Abstract movement 4.Conclusions References Uncanny resemblance. Words, pictures, and conceptual representations in the field of metaphor 1.Introduction 2.Visual metaphors as elliptic syllogisms 3.The relationship between the picture-maker and the viewer 4.Visual perception and mental imagery 5.Invariance Principle, occlusion shape and occlusion size 6.Aesthetically relevant properties represented by mental imagery 7.Imagery view of visual metaphors 8.Conclusions Acknowledgements References The visuality of metaphors. A formalist ontology of metaphors 1.Two models after the linguistic turn 1.ASemantic model 1.BInternalist model 2.Problems in the internalist-conceptual model 3.Ontology References Applications of visual and linguistic metaphor Visual and multimodal interaction of metaphor and metonymy. A study of Iranian and Dutch print advertisements 1.Introduction 2.Conceptual metonymy 3.Types of metonymy 3.1Source-in-target 3.2Target-in-source 4.Metaphor and metonymy in interaction 4.1Metonymic expansion of a metaphoric source 4.2Metonymic expansion of a metaphoric target 4.3Metonymic reduction of a metaphoric source 4.4Metonymic reduction of a metaphoric target 5.Metonymic complexes 5.1Double domain expansion 5.2Double domain reduction 5.3Domain expansion plus domain reduction 5.4Domain reduction plus domain expansion 6.Conclusions References Poetic and visual metaphors in Hungarian folklore 1.Introduction 2.Metaphors of love in Hungarian folk songs 3.Shared conceptual background of a folk song and a hope chest 3.1A folk song about love and marriage 3.2Metaphors of a hope chest 3.2.1Metaphors within a hope chest as a three-dimensional object 3.2.2Metaphors within the decorations of a hope chest 3.2.3Metaphors based on the functional use of a hope chest 4.Conclusion References Visual metaphor and its narrative function. Jacek Malczewski’s parabolic painting 1.Introduction 2.Metaphors which we perceive and embrace 3.Perceptual metaphors in fine arts: Their structure and functions 4.Narrative perceptual metaphors and possible worlds 5.Time structure of painting works 6.Narrative minds in possible worlds of art 7.Jacek Malczewski and narrative pictorial metaphors Conclusion References Image metaphors of Trianon 1.Introduction 1.1The Treaty of Trianon 1.2Research questions and hypotheses 1.3Conceptual, cultural, linguistic, and image metaphors 1.4Corpus 1.5Methodology 2.Analysis of the figures 2.1 Figure 1 2.1.1Description 2.1.2Interpretation 2.1.3Conceptual processes 2.2 Figure 2 2.2.1Description 2.2.2Interpretation 2.2.3Conceptual processes 2.3 Figure 3 2.3.1Description 2.3.2Interpretation 2.3.3Conceptual processes 2.4 Figure 4 2.4.1Description 2.4.2Interpretation 2.4.3Conceptual processes 2.5 Figure 5 2.5.1Description 2.5.2Interpretation 2.5.3Conceptual processes 2.6 Figure 6 2.6.1Description 2.6.2Interpretation 2.6.3Conceptual processes 3.7 Figure 7 3.7.1Description 3.7.2Interpretation 3.7.3Conceptual processes 2.8 Figure 8 2.8.1Description 2.8.2Interpretation 2.8.3Conceptual processes 3.Discussion 4.Conclusion References Rendering, generalization and variation. On the use of multiple parallel texts as a comparative method in cognitive poetics 1.Introduction 2.Data and method 3.How the systems are similar 4.When the systems differ: Flexibility and irreducible difference 4.1Multiple parallel texts as a window to human cognitive flexibility 4.2Diachrony in multiple parallel texts as a key to identifying an irreducible difference between languages 5.Towards the use of multiple parallel texts as a method in comparative cognitive poetics Acknowledgements References Appendix 1.The Garden of Live Flowers, translations Appendix 2.Abbreviations used Multimodal conceptual patterns of Hungary in political cartoons 1.Introduction 2.Theoretical insights 2.1Political cartoon as a genre 2.2Relationship of verbal and visual elements in political cartoons 2.3Metaphtonymy 2.4Methodology 3.Corpus-related multimodal structures 3.1Metaphoric scenario vs. metaphtonymy scenario 3.2Hungary is an object 3.3Hungary is a person 4.Corpus analysis 5.Multimodal conceptual patterns in the corpus 6.Conclusions Acknowledgements References Viewpoint and metaphor in culture. A Cognitive Linguistic analysis on a selection of Chinese eulogistic idioms used in Taiwan 1.Language of death as a cultural product 2.Metaphor and viewpoint in discourse 3.Previous studies of the cultural conceptualization of death and Chinese funeral discourse 4.Data and method 5.Mandarin eulogistic idioms for teachers, media workers and legal experts 5.1Ritual idioms used in funerals of teachers (師長喪) 5.2Ritual idioms used in funerals of media workers (媒體喪) 5.3Ritual idioms used in funerals of legal experts (法界喪) 6.When the mourner becomes the object of conceptualization 7.Culture in discourse and vice versa: What Cognitive Linguistics can reveal about occupations in society Acknowledgements Glossary References Appendix.Eulogistic idioms in the online request system analyzed Subject index