دانلود کتاب Wisdom, Intelligence, and Creativity Synthesized

Intelligence, a Harvard psychologist famously remarked, is whatever intelligence tests measure. The observation may have been made in jest, but its effects have been all too serious. A multi-billion dollar “intelligence testing” industry largely determines which children attend the best schools and universities. And local communities, under government pressure to produce results, promote curricula that teach to the test but leave little room for “luxuries” such as music and the arts. But what if the essential nature of intelligence is grossly distorted by the testing industry? For thirty years, Robert J. Sternberg has been among the most vocal critics of narrow conceptions of intelligence. In his most recent book, Wisdom, Intelligence, and Creativity Synthesized, Sternberg critically reviews and summarizes the best research available on human intelligence. He argues that any serious understanding of intelligence must go beyond the standard paper and pencil tests currently in use. In addition to analytical and quantitative abilities, a theory of intelligence must take account of peoples’ creative abilities–their ability to go beyond given information and imagine new and exciting ways of reformulating old problems. It must also take into account peoples’ ability to weigh options carefully and act prudently. Understanding one’s own intellectual shortcomings and learning how to overcome, Sternberg argues, is just as important as developing one’s strengths. As he weaves his way through decades of important research on these questions, Sternberg develops a vision of human intelligence that is far more nuanced and accurate than anything previously offered. Wisdom, Intelligence and Creativity Synthesized will be essential reading for psychologists, cognitive scientists, educators, and organizational researchers. Robert J. Sternberg is IBM Professor of Psychology and Education, Director of the Center for Abilities, Competencies, and Expertise at Yale University. He is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association, of which he is also President; American Psychologoical Society; American Academy of Arts and Sciences; American Association for the Advancement of Science; and Society of Experimental Psychologists. Sternberg is the author of numerous books, book chapters, and articles.