A Topical Approach to Life-Span Development

Connect with Santrock 6th edition and connect with success. Informed and driven by research. At McGraw-Hill, we have spent thousands of hours with you and your students, working to understand the key needs and concerns you face in Human Development courses. The most common topics raised include managing the vast amount of content inherent to a Lifespan course and ensuring the dependability of the assigned material—is it current and accurate? The result of this research is John Santrock’s A Topical Approach to Lifespan Development 6e. Santrock 6e ensures students complete and understand the assigned material in a number of ways. Santrock’s hallmark Learning Goals pedagogy provides a comprehensive roadmap to the text material, clearly pointing out the core concepts fundamental to students’ learning and performance. An adaptive learning system increases students’ efficiency in studying by identifying what they know and don’t know and providing in-the-moment guides to learning what they do not. The research and development of the 6th edition indicated that students said that highlighting connections among the different aspects of life-span development would help them to better understand the concepts. This recurring theme of connections—Developmental Connections, Topical Connections, Connecting Development to Life, Connecting with Careers, and Connections through Research—ties together concepts from across chapters to reinforce the learning process and connects the material to students’ everyday lives and future aspirations. And the new Milestones video and assessment program helps bring the course material to life, so your students can witness development as it unfolds. And of course, all of this material is informed by our unique board of expert contributors—a who’s who of developmental psychology—who ensure the material is as accurate and up-to-date as possible. SECTION 1 THE LIFE-SPAN PERSPECTIVE 1 Introduction The Life-Span Perspective The Importance of Studying Life-Span Development Characteristics of the Life-Span Perspective Some Contemporary Concerns CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Improving Family Policy The Nature of Development Biological, Cognitive, and Socioemotional Processes Periods of Development The Signifi cance of Age CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH Is There a Best Time of Day to Conduct Research? Developmental Issues Theories of Development Psychoanalytic Theories Cognitive Theories Behavioral and Social Cognitive Theories Ethological Theory Ecological Theory An Eclectic Theoretical Orientation Research in Life-Span Development Methods for Collecting Data Research Designs Time Span of Research Conducting Ethical Research Minimizing Bias CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Pam Reid, Educational and Development Psychologist Reach Your Learning Goals APPENDIX Careers in Life-Span Development SECTION 2 BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES, PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT, AND HEALTH 2 Biological Beginnings The Evolutionary Perspective Natural Selection and Adaptive Behavior Evolutionary Psychology Genetic Foundations of Development The Collaborative Gene Genes and Chromosomes Genetic Principles Chromosomal and Gene-Linked Abnormalities CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Holly Ishmael, Genetic Counselor Heredity and Environment Interaction: The Nature-Nurture Debate Behavior Genetics Heredity-Environment Correlations Shared and Nonshared Environmental Infl uences The Epigenetic View and Gene 3 Environment (G 3 E) Interaction Conclusions About Heredity-Environment Interaction Prenatal Development The Course of Prenatal Development Prenatal Diagnostic Tests Hazards to Prenatal Development Prenatal Care CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE A Healthy Pregnancy Birth and the Postpartum Period The Birth Process The Transition from Fetus to Newborn Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Linda Pugh, Perinatal Nurse Bonding CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH How Are Preterm Infants Aff ected by Touch? The Postpartum Period Reach Your Learning Goals 3 Physical Development and Biological Aging Body Growth and Change Patterns of Growth Height and Weight in Infancy and Childhood Puberty Early Adulthood Middle Adulthood CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Sarah Kagan, Geriatric Nurse Late Adulthood The Brain Brain Physiology Infancy Childhood Adolescence CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Strategies for Helping Adolescents Reduce Their Risk-Taking Behavior Adulthood and Aging CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH The Nun Study Sleep Infancy Childhood Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood Adulthood and Aging Longevity Life Expectancy and Life Span Centenarians Biological Theories of Aging Reach Your Learning Goals 4 Health Health, Illness, and Disease Children’s Health Adolescents’ Health Emerging and Young Adults’ Health Health and Aging CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH How Stressful Is Caring for an Alzheimer Patient at Home? Nutrition and Eating Behavior Infancy CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Barbara Deloin, Pediatric Nurse Childhood Adolescence Adult Development and Aging Exercise Childhood and Adolescence Adulthood CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Exercise Aging and Longevity Substance Use Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood Substance Use in Older Adults Reach Your Learning Goals 5 Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development Motor Development The Dynamic Systems View Refl exes Gross Motor Skills CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Parents, Coaches, and Children’s Sports Fine Motor Skills Sensory and Perceptual Development What Are Sensation and Perception? The Ecological View CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH How Do Scientists Study the Newborn’s Perception? Visual Perception Hearing Other Senses Intermodal Perception Nature/Nurture and Perceptual Development Perceptual-Motor Coupling Reach Your Learning Goals SECTION 3 COGNITIVE PROCESSES AND DEVELOPMENT 6 Cognitive Developmental Approaches Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development Processes of Development Sensorimotor Stage CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH How Do Researchers Study Infants’ Understanding of Object Permanence and Causality? Preoperational Stage Concrete Operational Stage Formal Operational Stage Applying and Evaluating Piaget’s Theory Piaget and Education Evaluating Piaget’s Theory Vygotsky’s Theory of Cognitive Development The Zone of Proximal Development Scaffolding Language and Thought Teaching Strategies CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Tools of the Mind Evaluating Vygotsky’s Theory Cognitive Changes in Adulthood Piaget’s View Realistic and Pragmatic Thinking Refl ective and Relativistic Thinking Cognition and Emotion Is There a Fifth, Postformal Stage? Reach Your Learning Goals 7 Information Processing The Information-Processing Approach The Information-Processing Approach and Its Application to Development Speed of Processing Information Attention What Is Attention? Infancy Childhood and Adolescence Adulthood Memory What Is Memory? Infancy Childhood Adulthood CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH How Well Do Adults Remember What They Learned in High School and College Spanish? Thinking What Is Thinking? Childhood CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Helen Hadani, Developmental Psychologist, Toy Designer, and LANGO Regional Director Adolescence Adulthood CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Cognitive Training with Older Adults Metacognition What Is Metacognition? Theory of Mind Metamemory in Children Metacognition in Adolescence and Adulthood Reach Your Learning Goals 8 Intelligence The Concept of Intelligence What Is Intelligence? Intelligence Tests Theories of Multiple Intelligences The Neuroscience of Intelligence Controversies and Group Comparisons The Infl uence of Heredity and Environment Group Comparisons and Issues CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH Can Early Intervention in the Lives of Children Growing Up in Impoverished Circumstances Improve Their Intelligence? The Development of Intelligence Tests of Infant Intelligence CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Toosje Thyssen Van Beveren, Infant Assessment Specialist Stability and Change in Intelligence Through Adolescence Intelligence in Adulthood The Extremes of Intelligence and Creativity Mental Retardation Giftedness Creativity CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Living a More Creative Life Reach Your Learning Goals 9 Language Development What Is Language? Defi ning Language Language’s Rule Systems How Language Develops Infancy Early Childhood CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Sharla Peltier, Speech Therapist CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH What Characteristics of a Family Aff ect a Child’s Language Development? Middle and Late Childhood CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Salvador Tamayo, Bilingual Education Teacher Adolescence Adulthood and Aging Biological and Environmental Infl uences Biological Infl uences Environmental Infl uences An Interactionist View of Language CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE How Parents Can Facilitate Infants’ and Toddlers’ Language Development Reach Your Learning Goals SECTION 4 SOCIOEMOTIONAL PROCESSES AND DEVELOPMENT 10 Emotional Development Exploring Emotion What Are Emotions? Regulation of Emotion Emotional Competence Development of Emotion Infancy Early Childhood Middle and Late Childhood Adolescence Adult Development and Aging Temperament Describing and Classifying Temperament Biological Foundations and Experience Goodness of Fit and Parenting CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Parenting and the Child’s Temperament Attachment and Love Infancy and Childhood CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Wanda Mitchell, Child-Care Director Adolescence Adulthood CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH Does a Romantic Relationship Breakup Present an Opportunity for Personal Growth? Reach Your Learning Goals 11 The Self, Identity, and Personality The Self Self-Understanding Self-Esteem and Self-Concept Self-Regulation CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Strategies for Eff ectively Engaging in Selective Optimization with Compensation Identity What Is Identity? Erikson’s View Some Contemporary Thoughts on Identity Developmental Changes Family Infl uences Ethnic Identity CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Armando Ronquillo, High School Counselor Personality Trait Theories and the Big Five Factors of Personality Views on Adult Personality Development Generativity Stability and Change CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH Are Personality Traits Related to Longevity? Reach Your Learning Goals 12 Gender and Sexuality Biological, Social, and Cognitive Infl uences on Gender Biological Infl uences Social Infl uences Cognitive Infl uences CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH What Are Young Children’s Gender Schemas About Occupations? Gender Stereotypes, Similarities, and Diff erences Gender Stereotyping Gender Similarities and Differences Gender Development Through the Life Span Childhood Adolescence Adulthood and Aging CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Cynthia de las Fuentes, College Professor and Counseling Psychologist Exploring Sexuality Biological and Cultural Factors Sexual Orientation Sexually Transmitted Infections Forcible Sexual Behavior and Sexual Harassment Sexuality Through the Life Span Childhood Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Lynn Blankenship, Family and Consumer Science Educator CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Reducing Adolescent Pregnancy Adult Development and Aging Reach Your Learning Goals 13 Moral Development, Values, and Religion Domains of Moral Development What Is Moral Development? Moral Thought Moral Behavior Moral Feeling Moral Personality Contexts of Moral Development Parenting Schools Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior Prosocial Behavior Antisocial Behavior CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Rodney Hammond, Health Psychologist CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH Does Intervention Reduce Juvenile Delinquency? Values, Religion, Spirituality, and Meaning in Life Values Religion and Spirituality CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Gabriel Dy-Liacco, Pastoral Counselor CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Religion and Coping Meaning in Life Reach Your Learning Goals SECTION 5 SOCIAL CONTEXTS OF DEVELOPMENT 14 Families, Lifestyles, and Parenting Family Processes Reciprocal Socialization Family as a System Sociocultural and Historical Infl uences Multiple Developmental Trajectories The Diversity of Adult Lifestyles Single Adults Cohabiting Adults Married Adults Divorced Adults Remarried Adults Gay and Lesbian Adults Parenting Parental Roles CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Janis Keyser, Parent Educator Parenting Styles and Discipline CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH Are Marital Confl ict, Individual Hostility, and the Use of Physical Punishment Linked? CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Darla Botkin, Marriage and Family Therapist Parent–Adolescent and Parent–Emerging Adult Relationships Working Parents Children in Divorced Families CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Communicating with Children About Divorce Stepfamilies Gay and Lesbian Parents Adoptive Parents and Adopted Children Other Family Relationships Sibling Relationships and Birth Order Grandparenting and Great-Grandparenting Intergenerational Relationships Reach Your Learning Goals 15 Peers and the Sociocultural World Peer Relations in Childhood and Adolescence Exploring Peer Relations Peer Statuses Bullying CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH How Are Perspective Taking and Moral Motivation Linked to Bullying? Gender and Peer Relations Adolescent Peer Relations Friendship Functions of Friendship CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Appropriate and Inappropriate Strategies for Making Friends Friendship During Childhood Friendship During Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood Adult Friendship Play and Leisure Childhood Adolescence Adulthood Aging and the Social World Social Theories of Aging Stereotyping of Older Adults Social Support and Social Integration Successful Aging Sociocultural Infl uences Culture Socioeconomic Status and Poverty Ethnicity CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Norma Thomas, Social Work Professor and Administrator Reach Your Learning Goals 16 Schools, Achievement, and Work Schools Contemporary Approaches to Student Learning and Assessment Schools and Developmental Status CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Yolanda Garcia, Director of Children’s Services, Head Start Educating Children with Disabilities Socioeconomic Status and Ethnicity in Schools CONNECTING WITH CAREERS James Comer, Child Psychiatrist Achievement Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Mastery Motivation and Mindset Self-Effi cacy Goal Setting, Planning, and Self- Monitoring Expectations Ethnicity and Culture CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH Why Do U.S. Students Underperform in Math? Careers, Work, and Retirement Career Development CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Grace Leaf, College/Career Counselor Work CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Working During College Retirement Reach Your Learning Goals SECTION 6 ENDINGS 17 Death, Dying, and Grieving The Death System and Cultural Contexts The Death System and Its Cultural Variations Changing Historical Circumstances Defi ning Death and Life/Death Issues Issues in Determining Death Decisions Regarding Life, Death, and Health Care CONNECTING WITH CAREERS Kathy McLaughlin, Home Hospice Nurse A Developmental Perspective on Death Causes of Death Attitudes Toward Death at Different Points in the Life Span Suicide Facing One’s Own Death Kubler-Ross’ Stages of Dying Perceived Control and Denial The Contexts in Which People Die Coping with the Death of Someone Else Communicating with a Dying Person Grieving CONNECTING DEVELOPMENT TO LIFE Communicating with a Dying Person Making Sense of the World Losing a Life Partner CONNECTING WITH RESEARCH How Is Widowhood Related to Women’s Physical and Mental Health? Forms of Mourning Reach Your Learning Goals Glossary References Credits Name Index Subject Index