Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy

This comprehensive overview of biomedical applications of vibrational spectroscopy focuses on methodologies that are most relevant to biodiagnostics. After a few introductory chapters that summarize the current status of the field, the reference covers current spectroscopic applications; new spectroscopic directions; and study design and the analysis of vibrational spectral fingerprints from complex biological and clinical samples . With chapters contributed by leading international experts, Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy is a core resource. BIOMEDICAL VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY......Page 3 CONTENTS......Page 7 Preface......Page 13 Contributors......Page 15 1 VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY IN MICROBIOLOGY AND MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS......Page 19 1.1 Vibrational Spectra in Biomedicine Provide Fingerprint-like Signatures of Biological Structures......Page 20 1.2 Different Technical Options to Obtain the Spectral Information......Page 21 1.3 The Need for and Benefit from Data Evaluation......Page 22 1.4 Perspectives of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy......Page 23 2.1 Introduction......Page 27 2.2 Measurement Techniques for Clinical Chemistry......Page 29 2.3 Measurement Techniques for Pathology......Page 37 2.4 Measurement Techniques for In Vivo Spectroscopy......Page 44 Acknowledgments......Page 49 References......Page 50 3.1 Introduction......Page 57 3.2 Specimen Sources, Experimental Schemes, and Optical Substrates......Page 59 3.3 Applications......Page 60 3.4 Instrumental Means of Biomedical IMS......Page 77 Acknowledgments......Page 89 References......Page 90 4.1 Introduction......Page 97 4.2 Vibrational Spectroscopy of Biofluids......Page 98 4.3 Quantification (Regression) and Diagnostic (Classification) Approaches......Page 99 4.4 Quantitative Biofluid Analysis......Page 100 4.5 Diagnostic Biofluid Tests......Page 106 4.6 Veterinary Applications......Page 110 4.7 Microfluidics and IR Spectroscopy of Biofluids......Page 113 4.8 Concluding Remarks......Page 117 References......Page 118 5.1 Introduction......Page 123 5.2 Background Fluorescence......Page 124 5.3 The Putative Drawback of a Low Signal-to-Noise-Ratio......Page 127 5.4 Spectroscopy of Blood and Its Derivates......Page 129 5.5 In Vitro Raman Spectroscopy of Serum for Laboratory Diagnostics: A Case Study......Page 130 5.6 Raman Spectroscopy of Body Fluids In Vivo......Page 133 5.7 Raman Spectroscopy of Other Body Fluids......Page 135 Acknowledgments......Page 136 References......Page 137 6.1 Introduction......Page 139 6.2 Infrared Histopathology: IR Microspectroscopic Mapping of Tissues......Page 140 6.3 Vibrational Cytology: IR and Raman Spectroscopy of Eukaryotic Cells......Page 151 6.4 Concluding Remarks......Page 165 References......Page 166 7.1 Hemoproteins......Page 171 7.2 Raman Microspectroscopy......Page 172 7.3 Outline of This Chapter......Page 173 7.4 Instrumentation and Spectral Data Analysis......Page 174 7.5 Resonance Raman Microspectroscopy on Neutrophilic Granulocytes......Page 177 7.6 Resonance Raman Microscopy on Neutrophilic Granulocytes......Page 183 7.7 Photobleaching and Light-Induced Cell Damage in Resonance Raman Microspectroscopy......Page 186 References......Page 190 8.1 Introduction......Page 199 8.2 Electronic Structure of Heme Moieties......Page 200 8.3 Resonance Raman Spectroscopy......Page 202 8.4 Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Hemes in Cells and the Solid State......Page 205 8.5 Resonance Raman of Heme Derivatives Using Near-Infrared Excitation in the Solid State......Page 208 8.6 Application to Malaria Research......Page 215 References......Page 221 9.1 Introduction......Page 227 9.2 Theoretical Considerations......Page 228 9.3 CARS Microscopy......Page 230 9.4 Suppression of the Nonresonant Background......Page 231 9.5 Applications to Biology......Page 235 9.6 Outlook......Page 236 References......Page 237 10.1 Background......Page 239 10.2 Experimental Setup......Page 243 10.3 Results and Discussion......Page 246 Acknowledgments......Page 254 References......Page 255 11.1 Motivation: SERS and Cell Studies......Page 261 11.2 Probing Intrinsic Cellular Chemistry......Page 263 11.3 SERS-Based Optical Labels for Live Cell Studies......Page 271 11.4 Conclusions and Outlook......Page 274 References......Page 275 12.1 Introduction......Page 281 12.2 Optical Coherence Tomography......Page 284 12.3 Raman Spectroscopy of Mineralized Tissues......Page 291 12.4 Towards Clinical Dental Relevance......Page 299 Acknowledgments......Page 303 References......Page 304 13.1 Introduction......Page 309 13.2 AFMIR: Photothermal-Induced Resonance Experiment......Page 310 13.3 Experimental Illustration of the Photothermal Technique......Page 316 13.4 Applications: Biological Studies......Page 321 Acknowledgments......Page 329 References......Page 330 14 FROM STUDY DESIGN TO DATA ANALYSIS......Page 333 14.1 Aspects in the Design of Clinically Relevant Studies in Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy......Page 334 14.2 The Role of Noise and Reproducibility in the Raw Spectra......Page 339 14.3 Safeguarding the Analysis of Data and Its Interpretation......Page 341 14.4 Conclusion......Page 348 References......Page 349 15.1 Introduction to the Analysis of Several Data Sets......Page 351 15.2 Principal Component Analysis of One Data Table......Page 355 15.3 Simultaneous Analysis of Two Data Blocks by Partial Least-Squares Regression (PLSR)......Page 360 15.4 Simultaneous Analysis of Several Data Blocks by Multiblock PCA......Page 365 15.5 Alternative Multiblock Methods......Page 370 References......Page 372 16.1 Introduction......Page 375 16.2 IR Microscopic Characterization of an Unusual Form of Osteoporosis......Page 377 16.3 Applications to the Epidermis......Page 381 References......Page 394 INDEX......Page 397

current Methodologies And Data Analysis Techniques In Vibrational Spectroscopy And Their Biomedical Applications

as With Many Other Spectroscopic Techniques, Raman And Infrared Spectroscopy Have Made Great Progress Due To Recent Developments In Optics, Detectors, Nanotechnology, And Computer Science. There Is Increasing Interest In The Biomedical Field In Using These Methods For Diagnostic And In Vivo Applications. For Example, Explorative And Rapid Analysis Techniques Can Be Used To Diagnose Disease Or Dysfunction Via Infrared Or Raman Spectral Fingerprints.

this Comprehensive Overview Of Biomedical Applications Of Vibrational Spectroscopy Focuses On Methodologies That Are Most Relevant To Biodiagnostics. After A Few Introductory Chapters That Summarize The Current Status Of The Field, The Reference Covers Three Primary Areas:

• current Spectroscopic Applications Suitable For Routine Use In Cytology,histopathology, And Clinical Chemistry
• new Spectroscopic Directions Providing Increased Analytical Sensitivity Or Spatial Resolution That Make Them Suitable For In Vivo And In Situ Applications Such As Resonant Raman Scattering, Cars, Sers, And Ptir
• study Design And The Analysis Of Vibrational Spectral Fingerprints From Complex Biological And Clinical Samples

with Chapters Contributed By Leading International Experts, Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy Is A Core Resource For Chemists, Biologists, And Clinical Researchers Working At Research Institutes, Universities, Hospitals, And Pharmaceutical Companies, As Well As Professionals And Researchers In Biophysics, Biomedicine, Bioinformatics, And Clinical And Analytical Chemistry.

Vibrational spectroscopy in microbiology and medical diagnostics / Dieter Naumann Biomedical vibrational spectroscopy: technical advances / H.M. Heise Biomedical applications of infrared microspectroscopy and imaging by various means / David L. Wetzel Infrared spectroscopy of biofluids in clinical chemistry and medical diagnostics / R.A. Shaw ... [et al.] Raman spectroscopy of biofluids / Daniel Rohleder and Wolfgang Petrich Vibrational microspectroscopy of cells and tissues / Melissa J. Romeo ... [et al.] Resonance Raman microspectroscopy and imaging of hemoproteins in single leukocytes / Henk-Jan van Manen ... [et al.] Resonant Raman scattering of heme molecules in cells and in the solid state / Bayden R. Wood and Don McNaughton Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy / Ondrej Burkacky and Andreas Zumbusch Surface-enhanced Raman sensors for metabolic analytes / Olga Lyandres ... [et al.] Surface-enhanced Raman scattering for investigations of eukaryotic cells / Janina Kneipp ... [et al.] Combining optical coherence tomography and Raman spectroscopy for investigating dental and other mineralized tissues / Lin-Ping Choo-Smith ... [et al.] Chapter on AFMIR photothermal technique and its applications / Alexandre Dazzi From study design to data analysis / Wolfgang Petrich Interpreting several types of measurements in bioscience / Achim Kohler ... [et al.] Classification of spectral data in biomedical spectroscopy and imaging / J. Schmitt, T. Udelhoven. Current methodologies and data analysis techniques in vibrational spectroscopy and their biomedical applications. As with many other spectroscopic techniques, Raman and infrared spectroscopy have made great progress due to recent developments in.