Computational Techniques for Complex Transport Phenomena

Complex fluid flows are encountered widely in nature, in living beings and in engineering practice. These flows often involve both geometric and dynamic complexity and present problems that are difficult to analyse because of their wide range of length and time scales, as well as their geometric configuration. This book describes some newly developed computational techniques and modelling strategies for analysing and predicting complex transport phenomena. It summarizes advances in the context of a pressure-based algorithm. Among methods discussed are discretization schemes for treating convection and pressure, parallel computing, multigrid methods, and composite, multiblock techniques. With respect to physical modelling, the book addresses issues of turbulence closure and multiscale, multiphase transport from an engineering viewpoint. Both fundamental and practical issues are considered, along with the relative merits of competing approaches. The final chapter is devoted to practical applications that illustrate the advantages of various numerical and physical tools. Numerous examples are given throughout the text. Mechanical, aerospace, chemical and materials engineers can use the techniques presented in this book to tackle important, practical problems more effectively. Cover......Page 1 Frontmatter......Page 2 Contents......Page 6 Preface......Page 10 1.1 Dynamic and Geometric Complexity......Page 12 1.2 Computational Complexity......Page 15 1.3 Scope of the Present Book......Page 34 2.1 Summary of Pressure-Based Algorithms......Page 35 2.2 Treatment of Convection and Pressure Splitting......Page 40 2.3 Implementation of the CVS in the Pressure-Based Algorithm......Page 60 2.4 Concluding Remarks......Page 69 3.1 Introduction......Page 71 3.2 Overview of Parallel Computing......Page 72 3.3 Multigrid Method for Convergence Acceleration......Page 84 3.4 Data-Parallel Pressure-Correction Methods......Page 106 3.5 Concluding Remarks......Page 131 4.1 Introduction......Page 133 4.2 Overview of Multiblock Method......Page 134 4.3 Analysis of Model Equations on Multiblock Grids......Page 136 4.4 Multiblock Interface Treatments for the Navier-Stokes Equations......Page 142 4.5 Solution Methods......Page 151 4.6 Data Structures......Page 154 4.7 Assessment of the Interface Treatments......Page 163 4.8 Concluding Remarks......Page 173 5.1 Basic Information......Page 174 5.2 Turbulent Transport Equations......Page 177 5.3 Implementation of the K-[ELEMENT OF] Model......Page 179 5.4 Nonequilibrium Effects......Page 186 5.5 Computational Assessment of Nonequilibrium Modifications......Page 188 5.6 Rotational Effects......Page 198 5.7 Computational Assessment of Rotational Modifications......Page 210 5.8 Compressibility Effects......Page 221 5.9 Concluding Remarks......Page 241 6.1 Microscopic Transport Equations......Page 242 6.2 Background of Macroscopic Transport Equations......Page 243 6.3 Volume-Averaging Approach......Page 246 6.4 Macroscopic Transport Equations via the Volume-Averaging Approach......Page 254 6.5 Mixture Approach......Page 262 6.6 Application to the Columnar Solidification of Binary Alloys......Page 263 6.7 Concluding Remarks......Page 269 7.1 Flow in a Hydraulic Turbine......Page 271 7.2 Thermohaline Stratification......Page 278 7.3 Vertical Bridgman Crystal Growth......Page 294 7.4 Concluding Remarks......Page 307 References......Page 308 Index......Page 325 Complex fluid flows are encountered widely in nature, in living beings, and in engineering practice. These flows often involve both geometric and dynamic complexity and present problems that are difficult to analyze because of their wide range of length and time scales, as well as their geometric configuration. This book describes some newly developed computational techniques and modeling strategies for analyzing and predicting complex transport phenomena. It summarizes advances in the context of a pressure-based algorithm. Among methods discussed are discretization schemes for treating convection and pressure, parallel computing, multigrid methods, and composite, multiblock techniques. With respect to physical modeling, the book addresses issues of turbulence closure and multiscale, multiphase transport from an engineering viewpoint. Both fundamental and practical issues are considered, along with the relative merits of competing approaches. The final chapter is devoted to practical applications that illustrate the advantages of various numerical and physical tools. Numerous examples are given throughout the text. Mechanical, aerospace, chemical, and materials engineers can use the techniques presented in this book to tackle important, practical problems more effectively. This book describes some newly developed computational techniques and modeling strategies for analyzing and predicting complex transport phenomena. It summarizes advances in the context of a pressure-based algorithm and discusses methods such as discretization schemes for treating convection and pressure, parallel computing, multigrid methods, and composite, multiblock techniques. The final chapter is devoted to practical applications that illustrate the advantages of various numerical and physical tools. The authors provide numerous examples throughout the text. This book describes some computational techniques and modelling strategies for analysing and predicting complex transport phenomena. Numerous examples, as well as practical applications are included. Complex fluid flow and heat/mass transfer problems encountered in natural and human-made environments are characterized by both geometric and dynamic complexity.