Cosmology

The Homogeneous Universe......Page 5 Assumptions......Page 6 Metric......Page 7 Redshift......Page 8 Dynamics......Page 9 Remark on Newtonian Dynamics......Page 10 Forms of Matter......Page 12 Parameters......Page 13 Parameter Values......Page 15 Age and Expansion of the Universe......Page 16 Distances......Page 18 Horizons......Page 21 Quantum Statistics......Page 22 Properties of Ideal Quantum Gases......Page 24 Particle Freeze-Out......Page 27 The Neutrino Background......Page 30 Photons and Baryons......Page 31 The Recombination Process......Page 32 Nucleosynthesis......Page 35 The Inhomogeneous Universe......Page 39 Newtonian Equations......Page 40 Perturbation Equations......Page 41 Density Perturbations......Page 42 Velocity Perturbations......Page 44 Power Spectra......Page 46 Evolution of the Power Spectrum......Page 47 The Zel'dovich Approximation......Page 49 Nonlinear Evolution......Page 50 Collapse of a Homogeneous Overdense Sphere......Page 53 Collapse Parameters......Page 54 The Press-Schechter Mass Function......Page 56 Correct Normalisation of the Press-Schechter Mass Function......Page 58 Extended Press-Schechter Theory......Page 59 Halo Density Profiles......Page 61 The Early Universe......Page 64 Simplified Theory of CMB Temperature Fluctuations......Page 65 CMB Power Spectra and Cosmological Parameters......Page 70 Foregrounds......Page 72 Problems......Page 73 Inflation......Page 75 Expansion of the Universe......Page 82 Modified Equation of State......Page 83 Models of Dark Energy......Page 84 Effects on Cosmology......Page 85 The Late Universe......Page 88 Ellipticals and Spirals......Page 89 Spectra, Magnitudes and K-Corrections......Page 90 Luminosity Functions......Page 92 Correlation Functions and Biasing......Page 94 Intervening Gas......Page 96 Assumptions, Index of Refraction......Page 99 Deflection Angle and Lens Equation......Page 100 Local Lens Mapping and Mass Reconstruction......Page 102 Deflection by Large-Scale Structures......Page 103 Limber's Equation and Weak-Lensing Power Spectra......Page 104 Galaxies in Clusters......Page 107 X-Ray Emission......Page 109 Gravitational Lensing by Galaxy Clusters......Page 111 Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effects......Page 112 Scaling Relations......Page 113