Diastolic Heart Failure

The prevalence of heart failure is increasing and yet a significant proportion of these patients have normal left ventricular (LV) systolic function. In these patients with diastolic dysfunction, heart failure is frequently referred to as diastolic heart failure. While the majority of research into heart failure has concentrated on those patients with LV systolic dysfunction, heart failure patients with preserved systolic function have been grossly underinvestigated. It is critical not only to continue to research and treat those patients with LV systolic dysfunction but also to investigate the possibilities in those patients with diastolic dysfunction with a view to providing tailored management of heart failure for all patients. This book is the first to give a comprehensive overview not only of the diastolic heart failure, but also of different aspects of LV diastolic function in general. It addresses the epidemiology, pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnostic methods, treatment and prognosis. It also gives an analysis of specific problems, related to coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathies, and constrictive pericarditis. The aim of the Editors and their world-class panel of contributing authors has been not only to summarize the existing knowledge on the role of diastolic dysfunction in heart failure but also to identify the gaps in the understanding of the problem and stimulate discussion in these areas. Consequently, this book will prove useful for both basic scientists and clinicians involved in research and clinical care of patients with heart failure. As such, cardiologists, internists and all disciplines involved in the management of this group of patients will benefit from reading this book. Cover......Page 1 Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 2 Copyright......Page 4 Preface......Page 6 Contents......Page 8 Contributors......Page 10 Section 1 Pathophysiology......Page 13 1 Molecular Mechanisms of Diastolic Dysfunction......Page 14 2 Pathophysiologic Aspects of Myocardial Relaxation and End-Diastolic Stiffness of Cardiac Ventricles......Page 31 3 Ventricular Interaction via the Septum and Pericardium......Page 50 4 Role of the Left Atrium......Page 62 5 Role of Neurohormones and Peripheral Vasculature......Page 80 6 Filling Velocities as Markers of Diastolic Function......Page 89 7 Myocardial Velocities as Markers of Diastolic Function......Page 106 8 Diastolic Versus Systolic Heart Failure......Page 125 Section 2 Diagnosis of Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 140 9 Invasive Evaluation of Diastolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction......Page 141 10 Echocardiographic Assessment of Diastolic Function and Diagnosis of Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 152 11 Magnetic Resonance Imaging......Page 166 12 Natriuretic Peptides in the Diagnosis of Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 177 13 Noninvasive Estimation of Left Ventricular Filling Pressures......Page 188 Section 3 Epidemiology, Prognosis, and Treatment......Page 204 14 Epidemiology of Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 205 15 Prognosis in Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 213 16 Treatment of Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 223 Section 4 Specific Disease-Related Problems in Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 240 17 Coronary Artery Disease and Diastolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction......Page 241 18 Hypertension and Diastolic Function......Page 261 19 Diastolic Disturbances in Diabetes Mellitus......Page 268 20 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy......Page 282 21 Constrictive Pericarditis and Restrictive Cardiomyopathy......Page 308 22 Summary......Page 325 Index......Page 334 The prevalence of heart failure is increasing and yet a significant proportion of these patients with this condition have normal left ventricular (LV) systolic function. In these patients with diastolic dysfunction, heart failure is frequently referred to as diastolic heart failure. While the majority of research into heart failure has concentrated on those patients with LV systolic dysfunction, heart failure patients with preserved systolic function have been grossly underinvestigated. It is critical not only to continue to research and treat those patients with LV systolic dysfunction but also to investigate the possibilities in those patients with diastolic dysfunction, with a view to providing tailored management of heart failure for all patients Heart failure is the biggest killer in the western world, and the prevalence is expected to increase due to aging of the population. Over the past decade there has been an increasing awareness of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction as a mechanism of congestive heart failure. This book provides the clinician with essential insights into the epidemiology and aetiology of diastolic heart failure, and will enable them to understand how the condition can be diagnosed. Furthermore, the book will provide insights in cardiac function that are needed to perform and interpret the diagnostic tests, and to provide some guides to treatment choices. Diastolic Heart Failure provides the clinician with essential insights into the epidemiology and aetiology of diastolic heart failure, and enables them to understand how the condition can be diagnosed. Furthermore, the book provides insights in cardiac function that are needed to perform and interpret the diagnostic tests, and some guides to treatment choices. Section 1. Pathophysiology -- Section 2. Diagnosis Of Diastolic Heart Failure -- Section 3. Epidemiology, Prognosis, And Treatment -- Section 4. Specific Disease-related Problems In Diastolic Heart Failure. Otto A. Smiseth And Michał Tendera (eds.). Includes Bibliographical References And Index.