Perinatal Asphyxia

The aim of this book is to transmit the message that asphyxia is the major cause of infant mortality in the ne­ asphyxia-if severe, caus­ onatal period. The sequelae of ing cerebral palsy; if mild, leading to MBD to seizures­ are all potential risks. It is important to make young physicians and nurses aware of this complication of the birth period, how to avoid it, and how to treat it. Facilitating such awareness is the chief purpose of this book. Alberto Lacoius-Petruccelli New York 7 Contents 1. Asphyxia: Definitions, History, and Incidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2. Occurrence in Utero, at Birth, and after Delivery ................................. 17 3. Physiopathology of Asphyxia and Its Staging .................................. 21 4. Work-up and Treatment in the Newborn: Delivery Room, Nursery, and Perinatal leU 25 5. Mechanical Ventilators .................... 31 6. Prognosis ................................ 37 7. Brain Asphyxia and Hemorrhage ., ........ 51 8. Types and Stages of Fetal Anoxia: Anoxic, Anemic, Stagnant, and Histotoxic ......... 57 9. Embryonic and Fetal Periods .............. 65 10. The Placenta: Origin and Functions ........ 77 9 CONTENTS 10 11. Fetal Circulation 87 12. Placental Insufficiency or Dysfunction ..... . Front Matter....Pages 1-10 Asphyxia....Pages 11-15 Occurrence in Utero , at Birth, and after Delivery....Pages 17-19 Physiopathology of Asphyxia and Its Staging....Pages 21-24 Work-up and Treatment in the Newborn....Pages 25-29 Mechanical Ventilators....Pages 31-35 Prognosis....Pages 37-49 Brain Asphyxia and Hemorrhage....Pages 51-56 Types and Stages of Fetal Anoxia....Pages 57-63 Embryonic and Fetal Periods....Pages 65-75 The Placenta....Pages 77-86 Fetal Circulation....Pages 87-89 Placental Insufficiency or Dysfunction....Pages 91-95 Fetal Breathing Movements....Pages 97-99 Adjustment in the Mechanism of Oxygenation at Birth....Pages 101-111 Birth Asphyxia in the Full-Term Infant....Pages 113-117 Detecting Fetal Distress....Pages 119-120 Asphyxia in the High-Risk Infant....Pages 121-135 Monitoring High-Risk Infants....Pages 137-141 Obstetric and Medical Intervention....Pages 143-148 Follow-up of the Asphyxiated Infant....Pages 149-153 Seizures....Pages 155-163 Apnea and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome....Pages 165-168 The Future of the Hypoxic Child....Pages 169-174 Perinatology Goals....Pages 175-176 Back Matter....Pages 177-187