Power Quality Enhancement using Artificial Intelligence Techniques

This text discusses sensitivity parametric analysis for the single tuned filter parameters and presents an optimization-based method for solving the allocation problem of the distributed generation units and capacitor banks in distribution systems. It also highlights the importance of artificial intelligence techniques such as water cycle algorithms in solving power quality problems such as over-voltage and harmonic distortion. Features: Presents a sensitivity parametric analysis for the single tuned filter parameters. Discusses optimization-based methods for solving the allocation problem of the distributed generation units and capacitor banks in distribution systems. Highlights the importance of artificial intelligence techniques (water cycle algorithm) for solving power quality problems such as over-voltage and harmonic distortion. Showcases a procedure for harmonic mitigation in active distribution systems using the single tuned harmonic filters. Helps in learning how to determine the optimal planning of the single tuned filters to mitigate the harmonic distortion in distorted systems. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, Power systems planning and analysis. This book discusses the use of optimization algorithms in determining the optimal planning of both distributed generation units and capacitor banks in distribution systems. It also showcases the measure in selecting the optimal parameters of the single tuned filter to mitigate a specific harmonic passband based on a parametric analysis Cover 1 Half Title 2 Title Page 4 Copyright Page 5 Table of Contents 6 Preface 10 Acknowledgments 12 Authors 14 List of Abbreviations and Symbols Used 16 Chapter 1 Introduction 20 1.1 General 20 1.2 Book Objectives 21 1.3 Book Contributions 22 1.4 Book Outlines 23 Chapter 2 Power Quality in Smart Distribution Systems 24 2.1 Introduction 24 2.2 Smart Distribution Systems 24 2.3 Distributed Generation Units (DGs) 25 2.4 Power Quality in Distribution Systems 27 2.4.1 Power Quality Definition 27 2.4.2 Power Quality Parameters 28 2.4.2.1 Voltage Sag 28 2.4.2.2 Voltage Swell 28 2.4.2.3 Over-Voltage 28 2.4.2.4 Under Voltage 28 2.4.2.5 Voltage Fluctuation 30 2.4.2.6 Transient Voltage 30 2.4.2.7 Noise Disturbance 30 2.4.2.8 Voltage Unbalance 31 2.4.2.9 Power Factor 31 2.4.2.10 Harmonics 31 2.4.3 Impacts of Power Quality Issues 33 2.4.4 Power Quality Solutions 33 2.4.5 Harmonic Standards 33 2.4.6 Harmonic Elimination Techniques 34 2.4.6.1 Passive Filters 34 2.4.6.2 Active Filters 34 2.4.6.3 Harmonic Cancellation 35 2.4.6.4 Isolation Transformer 35 2.4.6.5 Harmonic Blocking 35 Chapter 3 Optimization Techniques 38 3.1 Introduction 38 3.2 Optimization Techniques Classification 39 3.2.1 Conventional Optimization Techniques 39 3.2.1.1 Linear Programming 39 3.2.1.2 Quadratic Programming 39 3.2.2 Artificial Intelligence Techniques 40 3.2.2.1 Genetic Algorithm 40 3.2.2.2 Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm 41 3.2.2.3 Proposed Water cycle Algorithm 42 3.3 Mathematical Formulation of WCA 42 3.3.1 Creation of the Initial Population 43 3.3.2 Evaporation Condition 44 3.3.3 Raining Process 45 3.3.4 Constraint Handling 46 3.3.5 Convergence Criteria 46 3.3.6 Steps of WCA 47 3.4 Conclusion 48 Chapter 4 Harmonic Load Flow Analysis for Radial Distribution Systems 50 4.1 Introduction 50 4.2 Fundamental Load Flow 51 4.3 Harmonic Load Flow 64 4.4 Single-Tuned Filter Representation in Load Flow 65 4.5 Conclusion 66 Chapter 5 Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generation and Capacitor Banks in Distribution Systems 68 5.1 Introduction 68 5.1.1 Distributed Generation Units Placement 68 5.1.2 Capacitor Banks Placement 68 5.1.3 Hybrid DGs/CBs Placement 69 5.1.4 Chapter Contribution 69 5.2 Problem Formulation 70 5.2.1 Objective Functions 70 5.2.2 System Constraints 71 5.3 Applications 77 5.3.1 Test Distribution Systems 77 5.3.2 WCA for Allocating DGs and CBs in the System Problem 78 5.3.3 Cases Studied 79 5.4 Results and Comments 80 5.4.1 Results of 33-Bus Network 80 5.4.2 Results of 69-Bus Network 82 5.4.3 Results of the Real Distribution System 84 5.5 Conclusion 87 Chapter 6 Parametric Analysis of Single-Tuned Harmonic Filter 88 6.1 Introduction 88 6.2 Single-Tuned Filter Design 89 6.2.1 Single-Tuned Filter Designing Steps 89 6.3 Impact of Filter Parameters on Its Characteristics Curve 91 6.3.1 Impact of t[sub(f)] (At Fixed Q[sub(c)] and Q[sub(f)]) 91 6.3.2 Impact of Q[sub(f)] (At Fixed Q[sub(c)] and t[sub(f)]) 91 6.3.3 Impact of Q[sub(c)] (at Fixed Q[sub(f)] and t[sub(f)]) 92 6.4 Single-Tuned Filter Passband 93 6.5 Impact of System Characteristics on Filter Performance 96 6.6 Conclusion 98 Chapter 7 Harmonic Mitigation for Distribution Systems with Inverter-Based DGs 100 7.1 Introduction 100 7.2 Problem Formulation 101 7.2.1 Objective Functions 101 7.2.2 System Constraints 102 7.3 Proposed STF Planning Procedure 103 7.4 Applications 107 7.5 Simulation Results and Discussions 108 7.5.1 Test Distribution System 108 7.5.2 Simulation Results 109 7.5.2.1 Results of Case 1 109 7.5.2.2 Results of Case 2 110 7.6 Conclusion 111 Chapter 8 Conclusions 112 8.1 Conclusions 112 References 114 Appendix A: Test Systems 122 Distributed,Generation,Units;,Harmonic,Elimination,Techniques;,Artificial,Intelligence,Techniques;,Radial,Distribution,Systems;,Single,Tuned,Harmonic,Filter;,Harmonic,Load,Flow Distributed Generation Units,Harmonic Elimination Techniques,Artificial Intelligence Techniques,Radial Distribution Systems,Single Tuned Harmonic Filter,Harmonic Load Flow "This text discusses sensitivity parametric analysis for the single tuned filter parameters and presents an optimization-based method for solving the allocation problem of the distributed generation units and capacitor banks in distribution systems. It also highlights the importance of artificial intelligence techniques such as water cycle algorithms in solving power quality problems such as over-voltage and harmonic distortion. Features: Presents a sensitivity parametric analysis for the single tuned filter parameters. Discusses optimization-based methods for solving the allocation problem of the distributed generation units and capacitor banks in distribution systems. Highlights the importance of artificial intelligence techniques (water cycle algorithm) for solving power quality problems such as over-voltage and harmonic distortion. Showcases a procedure for harmonic mitigation in active distribution systems using the single tuned harmonic filters. Helps in learning how to determine the optimal planning of the single tuned filters to mitigate the harmonic distortion in distorted systems. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, Power systems planning and analysis"-- Provided by publisher The text discusses the use of optimization algorithms in determining the optimal planning of both distributed generation units and capacitor banks in distribution systems. It also showcases the measure in selecting the optimal parameters of the single tuned filter to mitigate a specific harmonic passband based on a parametric analysis.