The Social Design Reader

The Social Design Reader Explores The Ways In Which Design Can Be A Catalyst For Social Change. Bringing Together Key Texts Of The Last Fifty Years, Editor Elizabeth Resnick Traces The Emergence Of The Notion Of Socially Responsible Design. This Volume Represents The Authentic Voices Of The Thinkers, Writers And Designers Who Are Helping To Build A 'canon' Of Informed Literature Which Documents The Development Of The Discipline. The Social Design Reader Is Divided Into Three Parts. Section 1: Making A Stand Includes An Introduction To The Term 'social Design' And Features Papers Which Explore Its Historical Underpinnings. Section 2: Creating The Future Documents The Emergence Of Social Design As A Concept, As A Nascent Field Of Study, And Subsequently As A Rapidly Developing Professional Discipline, And Section 3: A Sea Change Is Made Up Of Papers Acknowledging Social Design As A Firmly Established Practice. Contextualising Section Introductions Are Provided To Aid Readers In Understanding The Original Source Material, While Summary Boxes Clearly Articulate How Each Text Fits With The Larger Milieu Of Social Design Theory, Methods, And Practice. Halftitle Page Dedication Page Title Page Contents Acknowledgments Illustrations Preface Structure of the Reader Key Features Notes Section 1 Making a Stand: A New Social Agenda for Design Chapter One Introduction Is Social Design a Thing? Social Design: From Utopia to the Good Society Émigré Culture and the Origins of Social Design Notes Chapter Two Is Social Design a Thing? 1. Social Design = Designing as a Social Activity 2. Social Design = Design Works with the Sociomaterial 3. Social Design = All Innovation Is Sociotechnical 4. Social Design = Design of Systems with Significant Social Media Aspects 5. Social Design = Social Science Based Projects Conducted as/with/by Designers 6. Social Design = Design of/for Services 7. Social Design = Designing for/of Governments 8. Social Design = Designing for/with Non-Commercial Contexts 9. Social Design = Design in the Context of Unmet Needs 10. Social Design = Design-Enabled Social Change References Chapter Three Social Design: From Utopia to the Good Society Introduction Designers Envision the Future: Utopian Thought The Development of Spaceship Earth A New Action Frame Strategies for Change Conclusion: From Utopia and Spaceship Earth to the Good Society Notes Chapter Four Émigré Culture and the Origins of Social Design Notes Section 2 Creating the Future: Defining the Socially Responsible Designer 1964–99 Chapter Five Introduction First Things First Manifesto Here Are Some Things We Must Do Edugraphology—The Myths of Design and the Design of Myths Design as a Socially Significant Activity Designerly Ways of Knowing The Future Isn’t What It Used To Be Commerce or Culture: Industrialization and Design Wicked Problems in Design Thinking Good Citizenship: Design as a Social and Political Force Feminist Perspectives There Is Such a Thing as Society Design and Reflexivity Design Noir Notes Chapter Six First Things First Manifesto Chapter Seven Here Are Some Things We Must Do Notes Chapter Eight Edugraphology— The Myths of Design and the Design of Myths Chapter Nine Design as a Socially Significant Activity Preamble Design and Society Rethinking ‘Design’ Notes Chapter Ten Designerly Ways of Knowing Abstract Design in General Education Educational Criteria Designerly Ways of Knowing Design Processes Design Products Intrinsic Value of Design Education Design as a Discipline References Chapter Eleven The Future Isn’t What It Used to Be The Microbes in the Tower Toward a Biotechnology of Communities On Centering Communities On Traffic On Site and Beauty Location On Certain Magic Numbers Magic Numbers and Community Size Notes Chapter Twelve Commerce or Culture: Industrialization and Design Introduction I II III Notes Chapter Thirteen Wicked Problems in Design Thinking Introduction Design and Intentional Operations The Doctrine of Placements The Wicked Problems Theory of Design Design and Technology Notes Chapter Fourteen Good Citizenship: Design as a Social and Political Force Chapter Fifteen Feminist Perspectives (Design for Society) Critiques of Patriarchy Gender Stereotyping Women as Users Women as Providers Style and Gender Designing with ‘Tacit Knowledge’ Designing in a Man’s World The Culture of Design Design for Children Alternative Criteria Socio-Spatial Perspectives Symptoms or Causes? Notes Chapter Sixteen There Is Such a Thing as Society Chapter Seventeen Design and Reflexivity Le pain et la liberté Symbolic Forms Are Social Forms And Mediocrity Subversive Pleasures Notes Chapter Eighteen Design Noir Design Genres Aesthetics of Mis-Use Conceptual Design Section 3 A Sea Change: The Paradigm Shift from Objects to Systems 2000–20 Chapter Nineteen Introduction First Things First 2000 Manifesto A “Social Model” of Design: Issues of Practice and Research The Dematerialization of Design Why Being “Less Bad” Is No Good Clothes That Connect Design’s Role in Sustainable Consumption Transformative Services and Transformation Design Rethinking Design Thinking: Part I Rethinking Design Thinking: Part II Design Things and Design Thinking: Contemporary Participatory Design Challenges From Design Culture to Design Activism Decolonizing Design Innovation: Design Anthropology, Critical Anthropology, and Indigenous Knowledge Social Design and Neocolonialism Futuristic Gizmos, Conservative Ideals: On Speculative Anachronistic Design Privilege and Oppression: Towards a Feminist Speculative Design Is Sustainable Innovation an Oxymoron? Social Innovation and Design: Enabling, Replicating and Synergizing Global Methods, Local Designs The Emerging Transition Design Approach Notes Chapter Twenty Chapter Twenty One A “Social Model” of Design: Issues of Practice and Research Introduction A “Social Model” of Design Practice An Agenda for Social Design The Education of Social Designers Conclusion Notes Chapter Twenty Two The Dematerialization of Design Abstract Human Centered Design: Complexities and Uncertainties Objects and People Operational Impact versus Cultural Impact Communication as Partnership and Negotiation Accountability Public Good Relevance The Designer as a Problem Solver versus the Designer as a Problem Identifier Sustainability Efficiency and Democracy Planning and Self-Organization The Complex and the Complicated Form, Materials and Self-Expression VERSUS Context and Content Objects of Thought and Dimensions of Judgment The Softening of Design A Word of Warning Chapter Twenty Three Why Being “Less Bad” Is No Good (Cradle to Cradle) The Four R’s: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle—and Regulate Efficient—At What? Notes Chapter Twenty Four Clothes That Connect The Fashion Industry Inspired by Nature 5 Ways Project 1: Local Project 2: Updatable Project 3: No Wash Project 4: Nine Lives Project 5: Super Satisfiers Conclusions Notes Chapter Twenty Five Design’s Role in Sustainable Consumption Timeline Environmental Policy Environmental Policy—Design Resonances Psychology Psychology—Design Resonances Sociology Sociology—Design Resonances Moving Beyond a Cog Conclusion Notes Chapter Twenty Six Transformative Services and Transformation Design Abstract Introduction Transformative Services Transformation Design Transformational Change Transformative Practices and Principles Active Citizens Intervention at Community Scale Building Capacities and Project Partnerships Redistributing Power Building Infrastructures and Enabling Platforms Enhancing Imagination and Hope Evaluating Success and Impact Final Considerations Acknowledgments Notes References Chapter Twenty Seven Rethinking Design Thinking: Part I Abstract Introduction Asking What If: The Designer as Cultural Interpreter The Creative Class and the “New Spirit” of Capitalism Understanding Design Thinking Design and Its Problems Design’s Fragmented Core Design Thinking: De-Politicizing Managerial Practice Comparing Approaches to Design Thinking Acknowledging the Cultures of Design Is Design Special? Acknowledgements Notes References Chapter Twenty Eight Rethinking Design Thinking: Part II Abstract Introduction Reconfiguring the World in Practice Design-as-Practice and Designs-in-Practice Exploring the Practice Approach Designs-in-Practice Design-as-Practice Discussion Some Implications Conclusion Acknowledgments Notes References Chapter Twenty Nine Design Things and Design Thinking: Contemporary Participatory Design Challenges Introduction Designing: From “Things” to Things Thinging: From “Projecting” to “Infrastructuring” Participatory Design Things and Use before Use Infrastructuring Things and Design after Design Exploring Infrastructuring Design Things in Practice A First Network of Working Relations Emerging into a Thing Expanding the Network of Working Relations into a New Thing Things That Matter? Notes Chapter Thirty From Design Culture to Design Activism Abstract Design Culture and Neoliberalism Design Activism, Neoliberalism, and Postneoliberalism From Design Culture to Design Activism Conclusion References Chapter Thirty One Decolonizing Design Innovation: Design Anthropology, Critical Anthropology, and Indigenous Knowledge The Context for Decolonization The Imperialism of Design Design Anthropology: A Decolonized Methodology Principles of Decolonized Understandings of Value Systems and Cultures The Aboriginal Smart Art Project Principles for Decolonized Design Innovation Principles for Decolonized Respect for Experiences Conclusion References Chapter Thirty Two Social Design and Neocolonialism Abstract Reframing an Emerging Practice Social Design: Methodologies and Practices Social Design “Lite” The Social Sciences’ Contribution to an Emerging Practice Quadrant One, Transformative Social Change: Designing a Situation with an Inside Perspective Case Study: Bicycles Against Poverty Quadrant Two, Human-Centered Design: Designing an Object with an Inside Perspective Case Study: NeoNurture: The “Car Parts” Incubator Quadrant Three, Traditional Design: Designing an Object with an Outside Perspective Case Study: War Child Campaign Designed by John St. Quadrant Four, Design Neocolonialism: Designing a Situation with an Outside Perspective Case Study: One Laptop Per Child Conclusions and Limitations Notes References Chapter Thirty Three Futuristic Gizmos, Conservative Ideals: On Speculative Anachronistic Design Notes References Chapter Thirty Four Privilege and Oppression: Towards a Feminist Speculative Design Abstract On Semantics and SCD Critical Theory and Critical Design Intersectional Feminism and Speculative Design Feminist Speculative Design: Methodologies and Discussion Notes References Chapter Thirty Five Is Sustainable Innovation an Oxymoron? Abstract Introduction The Design Process Is Changing New Roles for Designers and the People That They Serve What Are the Spaces of Co-creation? How Do We Practice Co-creation? How Does the PPC Work in the Design Development Process? In Conclusion: Where Are We Going? References Chapter Thirty Six Social Innovation and Design: Enabling, Replicating and Synergizing Introduction Social Innovation Promising Cases Creative Communities Collaborative Organizations Scaling-Up Enabling and Replicating Favorable Environment Enabling Solutions Replication Strategies Synergizing Acupunctural Planning Design for Social Innovation Creative People and Design Experts Design Knowledge A New Design Field Empowering People’s Capabilities Note References and Further Reading Chapter Thirty Seven Global Methods, Local Designs 1. Episteme, Method, Toolkit 2. Arriving Methods, Retreating Politics 3. Epistemological Asphyxiation and Countering Asphyxiation References Chapter Thirty Eight The Emerging Transition Design Approach Abstract The Need for a New Design-Led Approach The Importance of Stakeholder Involvement in Wicked Problem Resolution and Systems Transitions The Transition Design Framework and Phased Approach The Transition Design Framework The Transition Design Phased Approach 1. Reframing: The Present and Future Mapping the Problem in the Present Mapping Stakeholder Concerns & Relations Future Visioning Backcasting 2. Designing Interventions Linking and Amplifying Projects 3. Waiting and Observing (Mindset & Posture) Conclusion References Contributors Further Readings Index Copyright Page