Urolithiasis 2

The first International Symposium on Urolithiasis Research was held in Leeds, England, in 1968. The meeting was the first in what was to become a series of symposia intended to gather together a diverse group of biochemists and physicians, urologists and engineers, with a common interest in factors affecting the formation of human urinary stones. Since its inception the series has threaded a peripatetic course back and forth across the Atlantic Ocean, from Madrid in Spain, to Davos in Switzerland, to Williamsburg in the USA, to Garmisch-Partenkirchen in Germany and Vancouver in Canada, under the guardianship of Drs Nordin, Cifuentes Delatte, Fleisch, Smith, Schwille, Dirks and Sutton, and their colleagues. In 1992, for the first time, the meeting moved to the southern hemisphere, to Cairns in Northeastern Australia. Unlike most previous symposia, there were no invited papers. Instead, the submitted abstracts were allowed to dictate the content of the meeting so that the conference programme would reflect the flavour of current research in the field. To achieve this, all abstracts were graded anonymously by three referees to determine their categorization as oral, theme poster, or general poster presentations. The 300 or so accepted absracts were then allocated to seven plenary sessions, nine theme poster discus­ sion groups and three large general poster sessions. Front Matter....Pages i-xxx Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Genetic Influences on Urinary Calcium Excretion....Pages 3-8 Role of Hydroxypyruvate in the Manifestation of Primary Hyperoxaluria L-Glyceric Aciduria Type-II....Pages 9-12 Mechanisms for Bi-Directional Oxalate Transport Across the Large Intestine....Pages 13-15 Sodium-Chloride-Dependent Oxalate Absorption in the Human Intestine....Pages 17-21 Erythrocyte Urate Self-Exchange in Idiopathic Calcium Nephrolithiasis....Pages 23-24 A New Chordate Model for Uric Acid-Oxalate Lithiasis....Pages 25-28 Renal Epithelial Injury: A Risk Factor in Urolithiasis....Pages 29-33 Oxalate Transport Across The Renal Papilla: Implications in Sites and Mechanism of Initial Kidney Stone Formation....Pages 35-39 Oxalate Transport in LLC-PK1 Cells: Evidence for Oxalate Transport by Anion Exchange....Pages 41-45 Polarized Distribution of Oxalate Transport Systems in A Line of Renal Epithelial Cells (LLC-PK1)....Pages 47-51 Endogenous Synthesis of Oxalate in Magnesium Deficient Weanling Rats....Pages 53-57 Increased Hepatic Oxalate Production in Rats Treated With Clofibrate....Pages 59-63 Hyperoxaluria in Nutritional Deficiencies of Vitamins and Magnesium in Idiopathic Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis....Pages 65-69 Reduction of Urinary Oxalate Excretion by The Oral Administration of The Cysteine Precursor, 2-Oxothiazolidine-4-Carboxylic Acid....Pages 71-75 Acute Effects of Alkali And Earth Alkali Citrates in Humans — A Synopsis of Preliminary Data in Urine....Pages 77-78 Glycolate and Oxalate Plasma Levels and Renal Handling in Patients With Type 1 Primary Hyperoxaluria....Pages 79-79 Effect of High Dose Vitamin C on Urinary Oxalate Levels....Pages 80-80 Pathophysiology of Incomplete Renal Tubular Acidosis. Evaluation of Bone Turnover....Pages 81-81 Enzyme Changes in Experimental Models on Administration of Ip Oxalate....Pages 82-82 Uric Acid Metabolism in Calcium Oxalate Stone Disease....Pages 83-83 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Effect of Caffeine-Loading on Urinary Calcium in Control Subjects and Recurrent Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers with Hypercalciuria....Pages 84-84 Tea — A Recommendable Beverage in Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis?....Pages 85-85 Bone Mineral Content in Renal Stone Former (RSF) Patients With Idiopathic Hypercalciuria....Pages 86-86 Sensitive High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Microassay for Human Liver L-Glutamate: Glyoxylate Aminotransferase Activity....Pages 87-87 Urinary Excretion of Citrate and Female Steroid Hormones....Pages 88-88 Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis: A Causative Factor of Nephrolithiasis in Northwestern India....Pages 89-89 Sex-Dependent Urolithiasis in The Portocaval Shunt Rat....Pages 90-90 Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies of Erythrocytes From Vitamin B 6 Deficient Rats and Vitamin B 6 Deficient Rats Fed With Galactose....Pages 91-91 In Primary Hyperparathyroidism Due to Adenomas, Post-Operative Hypocalcemia is Not Influenced by Histology of Remaining Glands....Pages 92-92 Renal Tubular Acidosis in Urinary Stone Disease....Pages 93-93 Case Report: Hyperoxaluria and Dietary Calcium....Pages 94-94 Front Matter....Pages 95-95 Vectorial Oxalate Transport Across a Monolayer of Renal Epithelial Cells (LLC-PK1)....Pages 97-99 Isolation and Characterization of Oxalate Decarboxylase From Human Intestine Bacteria....Pages 101-103 Oxalate Concentration in Rat Plasma Determined by in Vivo Isotopic Dilution and Enzymic Analysis....Pages 105-106 Abnormal Erythrocyte Oxalate Self-Exchange in Idiopathic Stone Formers is Not Linked with Chromosome 17....Pages 107-108 The Effect of Dietary Protein and Glucagon on the Urinary Excretion of Oxalate in the Guinea Pig....Pages 109-111 Macro and Micro Autoradiographic Studies on Oxalate in Normal and Hyperoxaluric Rats....Pages 113-115 Oxalate-Induced Changes in Intracellular Calcium Levels in Renal Papillary Cells....Pages 117-119 Oxalate: Bicarbonate Exchange on the Brush Border Membrane of Rat Proximal Tubules....Pages 121-123 Oxalate Uptake in a Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line, Caco-2....Pages 125-128 Front Matter....Pages 95-95 Control of Endogenous Oxalate Formation in Rats Administered Immobilized Glyoxylate Reductase....Pages 129-131 Enhancement of Urinary Oxalate Excretion by Vitamin C: Fact or Artifact ?....Pages 133-135 Erythrocyte Band 3 Protein Phosphorylation Modulates Anion Transport in Nephrolithiasic Patients....Pages 137-138 Calcium Phosphate Urolithiasis in the Male Rat — Evidence For Enteric Hyperoxaluria as one Associated Anomaly....Pages 139-140 Oxalate Clearances in Calcium Oxalate Stone Forming Patients....Pages 141-141 Transepithelial Oxalate Transport in Cultured Renal Cells....Pages 142-142 Plasma and Urinary Oxalate and Glycolate in Normal Subjects and Idiopathic Calcium Stone Formers....Pages 143-143 Oxalate Uptake in Right-Side-Out Erythrocyte Vesicles of Control and Pyridoxine Deficient Rats....Pages 144-144 Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 2: Specific and Simple High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination for L -Glyceric Acid in Body Fluids....Pages 145-145 Transmembrane Oxalate Flux Studies in Intact Erythrocytes of Magnesium-Deficient Rats....Pages 146-146 Erythrocyte Oxalate Self-Exchange Rates in Japan....Pages 147-147 Front Matter....Pages 149-149 Crystal Growth and Nucleation Rates for Calcium Oxalate in 92% Fresh Urine in a Continuous Crystalliser....Pages 151-153 Inhibitory Action of Citrate on Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystal Nucleation and Growth....Pages 155-158 A New Continuous Flow Microsystem of Crystallization in Gels as a Model of Urinary Stone Formation....Pages 159-160 Formation of Urinary Stones in Vitro : Growth of Calcium Oxalate on Spherulites of Calcium Phosphate in Gel....Pages 161-165 Calcium Oxalate Crystallization in Long, Thin Tubes....Pages 167-172 A General Aggregation Mechanism for Calcium Oxalate....Pages 173-178 Urinary Citrate and Urate Modulate Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Solubility and Agglomeration....Pages 179-180 Heterogeneous Deposition of Calcium Phosphates at the Silicon (Hydrous) Oxide — Water Interface....Pages 181-183 The Inhibitory Effect of Urinary Heparan Sulfate and Chondroitin Sulfate on Calcium Oxalate Crystal Growth....Pages 185-187 Front Matter....Pages 149-149 The Effect of Glycosaminoglycans on Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystal Morphology....Pages 189-191 Urinary Glycosaminoglycans Differ in their Calcium Oxalate Crystallization Activities....Pages 193-195 The Effect of Urate on Calcium Oxalate Precipitates....Pages 197-199 The Promotion of Calcium Oxalate Crystallization by Urate: Can it be that Epitaxy is Not the Cause After All?....Pages 201-203 Effects of Urinary Macromolecules on Calcium Oxalate Crystallization Studied by Continuous Flow System and Fresh Undiluted Urine....Pages 205-207 Studies of Urinary Macromolecules: an Urgent Appeal for a Standard Reference Crystallization Model....Pages 209-210 Studies of Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation: Introducing a Multi - Faceted Crystalliser....Pages 211-212 Effects of Citrate and Urinary Macromolecules on Crystal Aggregation....Pages 213-214 Influence of Ionic Strength on Crystal Adsorption and Inhibitory Activity of Macromolecules....Pages 215-216 Influence of Ammonium Concentration and Anion Gap on Relative Supersaturations in the Urine of Stone Forming Patients....Pages 217-218 Calcium Carbonate Crystals Promote Epitaxial Calcium Oxalate Crystal Growth....Pages 219-220 Effects of Glycosaminoglycans on Experimental Urolithiasis in Rats....Pages 221-222 Oral Cimetidinein Humans - Evidence For Urine Acidification and Inhibition of Calcium Oxalate Crystallization....Pages 223-224 Computer Model of Complexation Inhibitors of Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation....Pages 225-225 Dual Constant Composition Studies of the Simultaneous Growth and Dissolution of Calcium Oxalate and Calcium Phosphate....Pages 226-226 Current Concepts and Future Trends in Urolithiasis Research with Special Reference to Molecular Basis of Disease....Pages 227-227 Inhibitors of Urinary Stone Formation in Controls and Stone Formers....Pages 228-228 Phosphocitrate as an Inhibitor of Calcium Oxalate Crystallization in Vivo ....Pages 229-229 Relationships Between Inhibitor Structure and Its Effects on Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystallization Kinetics....Pages 230-230 Microdetermination of Crystal Growth Rates of Calcium Oxalate in Gel at Inverse Distribution of Components....Pages 231-231 Front Matter....Pages 149-149 Phosphate Crystal Growth in Vitro - the Mix Up....Pages 232-232 Growth Studies of Calcium Oxalate in Presence of Inhibitor....Pages 233-233 Natural Urine Versus Synthetic Urine for Studying Inhibitors....Pages 234-234 Growth of Uric Acid Crystals in Vitro ....Pages 235-235 Purity of Crystals Grown in Vitro in the Presence of Dopants....Pages 236-236 Does Ostwald Ripening of Calcium Oxalate Crystals Occur in Vitro ?....Pages 237-237 Citrate — A Strong Inhibitor of Urease-Induced Crystallization in Urine....Pages 238-238 Urine Polyanionic Inhibitors in Saudi Stone Formers and Normal Controls....Pages 239-239 The Effect of Kanpou Medicines on the Growth and Aggregation of Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Vitro ....Pages 240-240 Controlled Release of Phosphocitrate Inhibits Mixed Stone Growth....Pages 241-241 Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Urinary Stones by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA)....Pages 242-242 Anticalculogenic Properties of Scoparia dulcis Linn ....Pages 243-243 Front Matter....Pages 245-245 Possible Role of Stone Matrix in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation....Pages 247-252 Role of Uropontin in Urinary Calcium Stone Formation....Pages 253-258 Distribution and Quantification of Crystal Matrix Protein in the Human Kidney....Pages 259-264 Localization of Nephrocalcin in the Nephron....Pages 265-270 In Undiluted Human Urine Tamm-Horsfall Mucoprotein Mitigates the Promotion of Calcium Oxalate Crystallization Induced by Urate....Pages 271-274 Evidence that Uric Acid Abolishes Citrate-Mediated Inhibition of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Agglomeration in Vitro ....Pages 275-279 Same Sequence Between Osteopontin and Urinary Stone Protein....Pages 281-283 Two-Dimensional Gel Analysis of Proteins in Unprocessed Human Urine Using Double Stain....Pages 285-286 Front Matter....Pages 245-245 Two-Dimensional Analysis of Proteins in the Urine of Male and Female Stone Formers....Pages 287-288 Crystal Matrix Protein — Sorting the Sexes....Pages 289-291 Studies on Urinary Proteins in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation....Pages 293-295 Ultrafiltration of Human Urine Affects Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate (COM) Crystallization Kinetics....Pages 297-298 Nephrocalcin in Saudi Stone Formers and Normal Controls....Pages 299-301 Inhibition of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Aggregation by Tamm-Horsfall Glycoprotein Depends on Citrate....Pages 303-305 Human Kidney Produces a Protein Similar to Lithostathine, the Pancreatic Inhibitor of CaCO 3 Crystal Growth....Pages 307-309 Study of Tamm-Horsfall Glycoprotein Binding to Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystals....Pages 311-312 Crystal Matrix Protein: a Potent Inhibitory Component of Calcium Oxalate Crystals....Pages 313-313 Two-Dimensional Electrophoretic Analysis of Unprocessed Human Bladder Washings: an Evaluation of Urothelial Proteins in Patients with Normal Bladder Mucosa....Pages 314-314 Isolation and Partial Characterisation of Renal Stone Proteins....Pages 315-315 Factors Affecting the Inclusion of Crystal Matrix Protein Into Calcium Oxalate Crystals: Centrifugation, Sieving and Sex....Pages 316-316 Quantification of Mineral Encrustation of Catheter Materials in a Flow System of Crystallization....Pages 317-317 Nephrocalcin in Children with Calcium Oxalate Stone Disease....Pages 318-318 Front Matter....Pages 319-319 Role of Organic Matrix in the Formation and Growth of Calcium Oxalate Urinary Stones....Pages 321-323 Calcium Oxalate Crystals and Oxalate Ions are Injurious to Renal Epithelial Cells....Pages 325-327 The Protein Content of Urinary Calculi in Chinese Patients....Pages 329-331 The Prevention of Experimental Nephrocalcinosis With Eicosapentaenoic Acid (Epa) And Evening Primrose oil (GLA)....Pages 333-334 Incidence and Formation of Mixed Kidney Stones Containing Calcium Oxalate and Uric Acid....Pages 335-337 Preliminary Result of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Interaction With Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells in Culture....Pages 339-341 Front Matter....Pages 319-319 Inhibition of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Seed Crystal Growth is Decreased in Renal Injury....Pages 343-345 Do Bacterial Membranes Contribute to Calcium Oxalate (Caox) Crystal Deposition?....Pages 347-349 Calcium Oxalate Crystallizing Properties of Macromolecules Released by Renal Tubular Cells in Vitro ....Pages 351-353 Exaggerated Response of the Hyper-Oxaluric Stone Former to an Oxalate Load Test at Initial Metabolic Evaluation....Pages 355-357 Fibrous Matrix in Experimental Urolithiasis....Pages 359-361 Analysis of the Protein Content of Five Different Types of Kidney Stones....Pages 363-364 Long Term Studies of Urease-Induced Crystallization in Human Urine....Pages 365-365 Oxalate Crystalluria for Post-Hepatic and Renal Transplantation Management in Primary Hyperoxaluria....Pages 366-366 Is Infra-Red (IR) Analysis an Alternative to Chemical Analysis?....Pages 367-367 Calcium Oxalate Crystal Matrix-What About the Glycosaminoglycans?....Pages 368-368 Part 1. A Refined Etiological Classification of Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis Based on Calculi Studies....Pages 369-369 Part II: Morpho-Constitutional Analysis (MCA) of Calculi in Hyperparathyroidism, Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis, and Primary Hyperoxaluria....Pages 370-370 Front Matter....Pages 371-371 Urinary Silicate in Calculous Patients....Pages 373-374 Recurrent Renal Calculi in Patients with Medullary Sponge Kidney....Pages 375-378 Effect of Various Types of Animal Protein in Lithogenesis....Pages 379-381 Effect of Caffeine Consumption on Urinary Calcium, Magnesium, Oxalate and Citrate in Calcium Stone Formers....Pages 383-385 Should Hypercalciuria be Redefined?....Pages 387-389 Comparison of Acute and Chronic Calcium-Load Tests in Renal Stone Formers....Pages 391-393 Circadian Rhythmometric Studies on the Low Molecular Weight Urinary Inhibitors of Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis....Pages 395-397 Relationship Between 24 Hour Urinary Volume, Urinary Specific Gravity, and Relative Super-Saturations in Stone Forming Patients....Pages 399-401 Front Matter....Pages 371-371 The Bonn Urolithiasis Post-Episode Care Program — New Results....Pages 403-405 The Oxalate Content of Sesame Seeds and Related Foods....Pages 407-408 Changes of Serum and Urine Parameters in Immobilized Children and Adolescents....Pages 409-409 Stone Formation Risk Index(SFRI): A Possible Prognostic Factor Governing the Need for Metaphylaxy....Pages 410-410 Urolithiasis in Diabetes Mellitus....Pages 411-411 Renal Toxicity Induced in Rats by Oral Sodium Oxalate....Pages 412-412 New Insights About Diet and Nephrolithiasis in an Obese Population....Pages 413-413 ATP Depletion: A Possible Role in the Pathogenesis of Uric Acid Nephrolithiasis in the Elderly....Pages 414-414 Relative Hypoparathyroidism and Calcitriol Up-Regulation in Idiopathic Hypercalciuria....Pages 415-415 Changes of Serum and Urine Parameters in Immobilized Adults....Pages 416-416 Effect of a Vegetarian Diet on Urinary Oxalate Excretion in Healthy Subjects....Pages 417-417 Calcium Oxalate Supersaturation of Urine: Which Factors should be Measured?....Pages 418-418 Urinary Fibrinolytic Activity of Stone Formers — Does Diet Matter?....Pages 419-419 Chronobiology of Urinary Volume, Calcium, Oxalate and Uric Acid in Stone Formers and Healthy Subjects....Pages 420-420 Involvement of Tubular Injury in Stone Formation: Experimental Investigations....Pages 421-421 Chemical Composition of the Urine in the Normal Black and White Population....Pages 422-422 Effect of Drastic Dehydration on Urine Lithogenic Risk Factors in Normal Humans....Pages 423-423 Does Sialic Acid Possibly Influence Stone Formation?....Pages 424-424 The Relationship Between Urinary Ca 2+ , pH and Stone Disease....Pages 425-425 Oxalate Crystalluria — A Disease....Pages 426-426 Front Matter....Pages 371-371 Urinary Citrate in Relation to Dietary Citrate....Pages 427-427 Clinical Significance of Hypocitraturia....Pages 428-428 Urinary Saturation in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease....Pages 429-429 Urinary Calcium and Uric Acid Excretion in Patients with Multiple Calculi Elimination....Pages 430-430 Coffee and Tea Consumption — Risk for Urolithiasis....Pages 431-431 Computerised Dietetic Survey....Pages 432-432 Risk of Calcium Stone Formation in Relation to Sex....Pages 433-433 Effects of Dietary Nutrients Upon Urinary Excretion of Calcium, Uric Acid and Citrate in Renal Stone Formers....Pages 434-434 Increased Risk of Calcium Oxalate Stones in Young Females....Pages 435-435 Front Matter....Pages 437-437 Oxalate-Degrading Bacteria in the Gut -Do They Influence Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation?....Pages 439-441 Urinary Enzymes: Their Role in Renal Stone Formation....Pages 443-444 Urolithiasis in Turkey: Epidemiological Features and Causal Factors of Stone Formation....Pages 445-447 Liquor in Lithogenesis....Pages 449-451 Epidemiology of Urinary Stone Disease in Saudi Arabia....Pages 453-455 An Epidemiological Study of Upper Urinary Stones in Kaizuka City....Pages 457-459 Experimental Bladder-Stone Production in Rats by Ureaplasma Urealyticum ....Pages 461-464 Composition of Urinary Calculi In the South of Portugal....Pages 465-467 The Influence of Diet on Urinary Risk Factors for Stones in Idiopathic Calcium Stone Formers and Healthy Subjects....Pages 469-469 The Drinking Water Link Between Endemic Renal Stones, Fluorosis and Goitre: an Epidemiological Study....Pages 470-470 Oxalate, Glycolate and Glyoxylate Excretion in Saudi Stone Formers and Normal Controls....Pages 471-471 Front Matter....Pages 437-437 Calcium Oxalate Stone Disease in Children....Pages 472-472 Hypokaliuric — Hypocitraturic Nephrolithiasis: a Unique Clinical Entity of Northeast Thailand....Pages 473-473 The Dissolution of Infective Stone Salts by Citrate Solutions Using a Reproducible Model of Catheter Encrustation....Pages 474-474 Laboratory Analysis and Clinical Results of the Treatment of Struvite Stones: a Ten-Year Study....Pages 475-475 Comparative Methods for Urine Culture Collection: Sterilized Glass Tube Versus Disposable Plastic Cup....Pages 476-476 Results of Family Studies in Cystine Calculus Follow-Up....Pages 477-477 Urinary Tract Infection in Idiopathic Calcium Nephrolithiasis....Pages 478-478 Risk of Urolithiasis in Gulf-Returned Keralites....Pages 479-479 The Brazilian Multicentric Study of Nephrolithiasis (Multilit)....Pages 480-480 Characterization of a Referred Population to a Northern-California Stone Clinic....Pages 481-481 Recurrence of Upper-Urinary-Tract Stones in Northeast Thailand....Pages 482-482 Etiogenic Factors for Calcium Oxalate Lithiasis in Southwestern Macedonia....Pages 483-483 Front Matter....Pages 485-485 Ultrasound Velocity — A Measure of Stone Strength?....Pages 487-491 Effect of Medical Management and Residual Fragments on Recurrent Stone Formation Following Extra-Corporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy....Pages 493-497 Protective Effects of Verapamil on Shock Wave Induced Tubular Damage....Pages 499-502 Renal Morphological Damage and Its Accumulation by Repeated Extracorporeal Shock Waves....Pages 503-505 Ureteral Stones: The Results of Primary in Situ Eswl and Outpatients Procedure ....Pages 507-509 Treatment Philosophy and Re-Treatment Rates Following Piezoelectric Lithotripsy....Pages 511-513 GD-DTPA-Enhanced Dynamic MRI for Evaluation of Renal Damage After ESWL Treatment....Pages 515-516 Long-Term Results of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy, Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Open Surgery for Upper Urinary Tract Stone....Pages 517-519 Front Matter....Pages 485-485 Grey Scale Image Discrimination: an Accurate Method of Stone Targeting?....Pages 521-522 Shock Wave Lithotripsy in the Treatment of Urinary Stones in Renoureteral Anomalies....Pages 523-525 Lithoclast — A New Endolithotriptor....Pages 527-528 Hypertension after Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: Long Term Follow Up....Pages 529-531 ESWL Monotherapy for Staghorn Renal Calculi....Pages 533-534 Two Year Experience with the Lithoclast for Endolithotripsy....Pages 535-535 Electrohydraulic vs. Laser Lithotripsy: Is New Necessarily Better?....Pages 536-536 In Situ Treatment of Ureteral Calculi with Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy — Still Feasible?....Pages 537-537 The Effect of High Energy Shock Waves on Oxalate Uptake in Cultured Renal Cells....Pages 538-538 Residual Stones Following Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy — The Case for Citrate Prophylaxis....Pages 539-539 Sodium-Potassium Citrate in The Treatment of Residual Stone Fragments Resulting from Extra-Corporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy....Pages 540-540 Extracorporeal Lithotripsy of Renal Calculi with the Storz ModulithTM SL20: A Multicenter Study....Pages 541-541 The Management of Ureteral Stones Using Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy and Ureteroscopy....Pages 542-542 Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy for Staghorn Calculi....Pages 543-543 Experiential Improvements in Extra-Corporeal Lithotripsy on MPL 9000, An Ultrasound-Monitored Lithotriptor....Pages 544-544 The Enlargement of Residual Fragments after Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy of Infection Stones: Urological Strategies and Pathogenetic Hypothesis....Pages 545-545 Radiological Characterisation of Urinary Stones....Pages 546-546 Urinary Red Blood Cell Microscopic Morphology after ESWL: A Parameter of Glomerular Damage....Pages 547-547 ESWL and Urinary Infection in Pretreatment of Non Infected Patients....Pages 548-548 In Situ Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Ureteral Stones....Pages 549-549 Front Matter....Pages 485-485 Ureteric Stones Managed by ESWL and Ureteroscopy (URS) under General Anaesthesia or Local Anaesthesia....Pages 550-550 The Electromechanical Impactor (EMI): A Device for Intracorporeal Lithotripsy....Pages 551-551 Laserlithotripsy....Pages 552-552 Renal Insufficiency after ESWL....Pages 553-553 Front Matter....Pages 555-555 Calcium Supplementation for Enteric Hyper-Oxaluria Secondary to Intestinal Bypass....Pages 557-561 Primary Hyperoxaluria: Long-Term Outcome in Patients Treated with Orthophosphate and Pyridoxine....Pages 563-566 The Clinical Spectrum of Ammonium Urate Renal Calculi....Pages 567-570 A New Therapeutic Agent for Cystinuria....Pages 571-574 The Treatment of Idiopathic Recurrent Urolithiasis With Fish Oil and Evening Primrose Oil — A Double-Blind Study....Pages 575-580 Simultaneous Treatment of Calcium Oxalate and Uric Acid Stone Disease in Saudi Arabia....Pages 581-586 Urinary Tract Stone After Ureterosigmoidostomy....Pages 587-589 Renal Targeting of Phosphocitrate Via a Gamma-Glutamyl Prodrug....Pages 591-593 Therapeutic Effect of Tribulus Terrestris (Chota Gokhru, an Ayurvedic Drug) in the Management of Experimental Hyperoxaluria....Pages 595-596 Metabolic Abnormalities in Patients With Renal Staghorn Stones....Pages 597-598 Effect of ACE Inhibitor on Cystine Excretion in Cystinuria....Pages 599-601 Treatment of Cystine Nephrolithiasis with Alpha-Mercapto-Propionylglycine....Pages 603-604 Influence of Total Parenteral Nutrition on Urinary Calcium Oxalate Saturation and the Development of Nephrocalcinosis in Preterm Infants....Pages 605-607 Value of Bone Mineral Analysis in Patients with Urolithiasis by Single Photon Absorptiometry, Dual Photon Absorptiometry, and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry — Comparison of Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Idiopathic Urolithiasis, and on the Possibility of Differentiating Idiopathic Hypercalciuria....Pages 609-611 Exaggerated Calciuric Response to an Acute Acid Load in Patients with Calcium Renal Lithiasis....Pages 613-615 Do Idiopathic Stone Formers Have Low Bone Mass?....Pages 617-618 Front Matter....Pages 555-555 Renal Handling of Citrate in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Calcium Nephrolithiasis....Pages 619-621 Exogenous Calcitonin (CT) — A Probe for the State of Mineral Metabolism in Idiopathic Recurrent Calcium Urolithiasis (RCU)....Pages 623-626 Osteocalcin Response to Low Calcium Diet: A Helpful Tool for the Differential Therapy of Hypercalciuria....Pages 627-629 Influence of Morphologic and Urodynamic Factors on Calcium-Containing Stone Formation....Pages 631-633 Protective Effects of Calcium Antagonists on Vitamin-Induced Nephrolithiasis....Pages 635-637 Response to an Oral Calcium Load in Stone Formers, Their Spouses and First Degree Blood Relatives....Pages 639-641 Attenuation of Hypocalciuric Response to Long-Term Thiazide and Amiloride in Calcium Urolithiasis with Renal Hypercalciuria....Pages 643-644 Bone Effects of Calcium Restriction Diet in Children with Absorptive Hypercalciuria....Pages 645-646 Assessment of Nutrient Intake by Calcium Stone Former Patients....Pages 647-648 Incidence of Pouch Stones and Risk Factors for Urolithiasis in Patients Receiving Continent Diversion or Neobladder Using Intestine — Comparision with Ileal Conduit....Pages 649-650 Long-Term Results of Sodium-Potassium Citrate Therapy (Oxalyt-C R ) for Preventing Calcium Oxalate Stones....Pages 651-651 Dissolution of Calcium Calculi with Potassium Citrate....Pages 652-652 Alkali Citrate Metaphylaxis for Recurrent Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers — A Prospective Randomized Study....Pages 653-653 Innate Humoral Immunity in the Fight Against Post-Operative Sepsis: Is it Enough ?....Pages 654-654 Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Endourological Surgery — A New Twist....Pages 655-655 Blood Pressure in Idiopathic Calcium Nephrolithiasis....Pages 656-656 Beneficial Effect of Magnesium Oxide Administration on Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis....Pages 657-657 Sodium Potassium Citrate in the Medical Management of Urolithiasis: A Universal Metaphylactic Agent?....Pages 658-658 The Day-to-Day Management of Stone Prophylaxis Using the Urimho Self-Test Device....Pages 659-659 Long Term Effect of Conservative Management....Pages 660-660 Front Matter....Pages 555-555 Role of Musapith in Urolithiasis....Pages 661-661 Diclofenac Sodium in Acute Ureteric Colic....Pages 662-662 Oral Citrate Therapy in Urolithiasis....Pages 663-663 Veeratharadi in Urolithiasis....Pages 664-664 Therapeutic Efficacy of Combined Supplementation of Magnesium and Pyridoxine in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers....Pages 665-665 Therapeutic Role of Diclofenac-Sodium in Management of Hypocitraturia and Hypopyrophosphaturia in Idiopathic Stone Formers....Pages 666-666 Prophylactic Treatment of Recurrent Calcium Stones with Potassium Sodium Citrate....Pages 667-667 Dietary Moderation as a Means of Improving Urinary Risk Factors of Recurrent Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation....Pages 668-668 Influence of L-Methionine on the Risk of Struvite and Brushite Stone Formation....Pages 669-669 Hematuria Due to Hyperuricosuria (HU): 30 Months Follow-Up....Pages 670-670 Unilateral Hydronephrosis: DMSA and DTPA Scan in Renal Stone Formers....Pages 671-671 The Value of Repeated Analyses of 24 Hour Urine in Recurrent Calcium Urolithiasis....Pages 672-672 The Course of Urolithiasis over Fifteen Years in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers under Special, General or No Metaphylaxis....Pages 673-673 Is There a Role for the Oral Calcium Tolerance Test in a Routine Stone Clinic?....Pages 674-674 Ambulatory Metabolic Evaluation of 1515 Stone Forming Patients in Argentina....Pages 675-675 The Weekend Effect....Pages 676-676 Ultra Sound Study Versus IV Urogram in Ureteric Colic....Pages 677-677 Local Chemolysis of Obstructive Uric Acid Stone by 0.1M Tham and 0.02% Chlorhexidine....Pages 678-678 Complex Therapy of Cystine Urolithiasis in 1992....Pages 679-679 In Vitro Magnetic Resonance Scanning of Urinary Calculi....Pages 680-680 Front Matter....Pages 555-555 New Medical and Urological Management of Medullary Sponge Kidney Disease....Pages 681-681 Management of Encrustation of Indwelling Ureteral Stents....Pages 682-682 Staghorn Calculi (Sc): Long Term Follow-Up....Pages 683-683 Urinary Evaluation in Brazilian Renal Stone Former Patients....Pages 684-684 Back Matter....Pages 685-696