دانلود کتاب The World As Will And Idea

THE WORLD AS WILL AND IDEA by ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER. VOLUME II. Originally published in 1909. CONTENTS: APPENDIX. PAGE OBITIOISM OF THE KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY i SUPPLEMENTS TO THE FIRST BOOK. FIRST HALF. THE DOCTRINE OF THE IDEA OF PERCEPTION. OHAP. I. THE STANDPOINT OF IDEALISM 163 II. THE DOCTRINE OF PERCEPTION, OB KNOWLEDGE OF THE UNDERSTANDING 184 IIL ON THE SENSES 193 IV. ON KNOWLEDGE A PMOBI aoi SECOND HALF. THE DOCTRINE OF THE ABSTRACT IDEA, OR OF THINKING. Y. ON THE IRRATIONAL INTELLECT 228 VI. THE DOCTRINE OF ABSTRACT OB RATIONAL KNOWLEDGE . 234 VII. ON THE RELATION OF THE CONCRETE KNOWLEDGE OF PERCEPTION 10 ABSTRACT KNOWLEDGE . . . 244 VIII. ON THE THEORY OF THE LUDICROUS …. 270 IX. ON LOGIC IN GENERAL 285 viii CONTENTS. OH A P. FAOI X. ON THE SYLLOGISM 292 XL ON RHETORIC 305 XII. ON THE DOCTRINE OF SCIENCE 307 XIII. ON THE METHODS OF MATHEMATICS 321 XIV. ON THE ASSOCIATION OF IDEAS . . , . . 324 XV. ON THE ESSENTIAL IMPERFECTIONS OF THE INTELLECT . 330 XVI. ON THE PRACTICAL USE OF REASON AND ON STOICISM . 345 XVII. ON MANS NEED OF METAPHYSICS 359 SUPPLEMENTS TO THE SECOND BOOK. XVIII. ON THE POSSIBILITY OF KNOWING THE THING IN ITSELF 399 XIX. ON THE PRIMACY OF THE WILL IN SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS 411 XX. OBJEOTIFIOATION OF THE WILL IN THE ANIMAL ORGANISM 468 CRITICISM OF THE KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY. VOL. II: IT is much easier to point out the faults work of a great mind than to give a distinct and full exposition of its value. For the faults . are partiapla and finite, and can therefore be fully comprehended while, on th Tc n its works is that their excellence is unfathomable and in exhaustible. Therefore they do not grow old, but become the instructor oFmany succeeding centiiries. ffie perfected masterpiece of a truly great mind will always pro duce a deep and powerful effect upon the whole human race, so much so that it is impossible to calculate to what distant centuries and lands its enlightening influence may extend. This is always the case for however cultivated ancT rich tK T age may be In wKcH suck a masterpiece appears, genius always rises like a palm-tree abovQ the soil in which it is rooted But a deep-reaching a, nd widespread effect of this kind cannot take place suddenly, because of the great difference between the genius d br ary men. The knowledge wBicli that one man in one lifetime drew directly from life and the world, won and presented to others as won and arranged, cannot yet at once become the possession of mankind for mankind has not so much power to receive as the genius has power to give. But even after a suc cessful battle with unworthy opponents, jrho at its very birth contest the life of what is immortal and desire tc nip in the bud the salvation of man like the serpents in the cradle of Hercules, that knowledge must then traverse the circuitous paths of innumerable false con structions and distorted applications, must overcome th 4 CRITICISM OF THE KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY. attempts to unite it with old errors, and so live in conflict till a new and unprejudiced generation grows up to meet it. Little by little, even in youth, this new jejieration partially receives the contents of that spring through a thousand indirect channels, gradually assimilates it, and so participates in the benefit which was destined to flow to mankind from that great mind. So slowly does the e3ucafibii of the human race, the weak yet refractory pupil of genius, advance…